The Systematic Use of Radiocarbon Dating in Archaeological Surveys in Coastal and Other Erosional Environments

1999 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon M. Erlandson ◽  
Madonna L. Moss
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Cultural Resource Management ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The World ◽  
Significant Patterns ◽  
Destructive Processes

Traditionally, archaeologists have used l4C dating primarily as a postexcavation analytical tool to establish the age of features, strata, or assemblages. In coastal zones and other environments around the world, however, thousands of archaeological sites are rapidly eroding or endangered by other destructive processes. We believe archaeologists should expand their use of l4C dating, systematically incorporating it into surveys in coastal, lacustrine, riverine, and other environments where erosional exposures often provide access to extensive stratigraphic profiles. With examples from the Pacific Coast of North América, we show how widespread l4C dating of sites during surveys can be used to help manage archaeological sites more effectively and identify significant patterns of paleoenvironmental change, site survival, settlement and demography, technology, and social organization. Without more widespread application of such techniques, and a reallocation of research and cultural resource management funds, thousands of sites will be lost before even the most basic information about their age and contents is known.

Studies on the Helminth Fauna of Japan Part 57. Nematodes of Fishes, III

1961 ◽  
Vol 35 (S1) ◽  
pp. 217-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satyu Yamaguti
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sea Of Japan ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Helminth Fauna ◽  
Marine Biological Laboratory ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The World ◽  
Inland Sea Of Japan ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Marine Laboratory

It is my greatest pleasure and honour to contribute a part of the series of my studies on the helminth fauna of Japan in honour of Professor R. T. Leiper, one of the most distinguished helminthologists in the world. The material on which the present paper is based was collected at the Tamano Marine Laboratory of Okayama University on the Inland Sea of Japan except for a new species of Raphidascaroides which was taken by Mr. T. Yamamoto at the Marine Biological Laboratory, Kyoto University, on the Pacific coast of Wakayama Prefecture. Acknowledgments are due to the staff of the Tamano Marine Laboratory and also to Mr. Yamamoto for their generous supply of the material.

The Sabbath on the Overland Trail to California

1990 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winton U. Solberg
Keyword(s):  
Mississippi River ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Gold Rush ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The World ◽  
Westward Movement ◽  
Overland Trail

The westward movement carried Americans to the banks of the Mississippi River by 1840, and in the following decade hardy pioneers began crossing the plains and mountains to settle on the Pacific coast. Gold was discovered at Sutter's Mill near present-day Sacramento on 24 January 1848, and the ensuing gold rush created a spectacle such as the world had never seen before.

Pilgrims at the Golden Gate: Christian Scientists on the Pacific Coast, 1880––1915

2003 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Swensen
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
The United States ◽  
Golden Gate ◽  
Christian Science ◽  
Working Classes ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Evidence

There has never been a social history of Christian Science, a distinctive and controversial new religious group that emphasized metaphysical healing. The group appeared in the United States in the 1870s and 1880s under the leadership of Mary Baker Eddy. This article examines the early rapid growth of Christian Science on the Pacific Coast, for the religion flourished to a greater degree in this health- conscious and socially fluid region than in any other section of the world. Analysis of the occupations of more than 1,000 members and spouses of six Christian Science churches in California, Oregon, and Washington for the years 1905-1907 provides detailed conclusions at variance with previous conjecture. The new evidence shows that Christian Scientists on the Pacific Coast were an ethnically homogeneous, uprooted, and energetic lot from all social levels, with a surprisingly large contingent from the working classes.

scholarly journals National Parks in Colombia

Oryx ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 441-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don Hunsaker
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Peace Corps ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
Hunting Regulations ◽  
National Park System ◽  
Vast Range

Colombia has one of the largest bird faunas in the world – over 1550 species, over 300 mammals, including the endangered spectacled bear and mountain tapir, 350 reptiles and over 1000 fish, and a vast range of habitats, from the tropical rain forest of the Pacific coast and lowland swamps to the spectacular peaks of the high Andes, 20,000 feet and more. In recent years Colombia has set aside over 3½ million acres for national parks and reserves, which are described here by Dr Hunsaker, Conservation Co-ordinator with INDERENA (the Government department concerned) for the Peace-Corps-Smithsonian Program in Bogotá. Colombia's conservation efforts began in 1919 with the passing of the first laws protecting the fauna and flora. In 1941 the Government introduced hunting regulations, and in 1948 the first biological reserve, La Macarena, was set aside. A law passed in 1954 made the condor the first fully protected species. Since then government, universities and interested people have worked to coordinate, in so far as possible, the national park system, the wildlife service and university projects to protect wilderness and wildlife in this extremely critical region of South America.

scholarly journals The Marine Radiocarbon Reservoir Effect in Tomales Bay, California

Radiocarbon ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 963-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee M Panich ◽  
Tsim D Schneider ◽  
Paul Engel
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Museum Collection ◽  
Reservoir Effect ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
R Value ◽  
Tomales Bay

ABSTRACTThis paper examines the marine reservoir effect for Tomales Bay, a 25.5-km-long tidal estuary along the northern coast of California. We determined the regional ∆R through radiocarbon (14C) measurements of pre-1950 shells from a museum collection as well as archaeologically recovered shell samples from a historical railroad grade of known construction date. These results are compared against four sets of paired shell and bone samples from two local archaeological sites. Our results indicate little spatial variation along the inner bay, but the proposed ∆R value is lower than those previously reported for nearby areas along the Pacific Coast. We also note potential variability in regional ∆R of approximately 200 14C years for the late Holocene, and comparison with an older paired bone and shell sample points toward more significant temporal variation earlier in time.

scholarly journals Assessing Land Dynamics and Sustainability on the Pacific Coast of Nicaragua: A Method Based on Comprehensive Land Units

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 467
Author(s):  
Oscar González-Quiroz ◽  
Josabel Belliure ◽  
Antonio Gómez-Sal
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Theoretical Development ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Integrated Method ◽  
Development Scenarios ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Values Assessment ◽  
Relative Scarcity

In the coastal zones, varied uses converge, some of them of priority interest. In this study, an integrated method for the planning and management of the territory is proposed, which includes the evaluation of sustainability. A total of 15 different land-use classes were estimated in 80 sampling units distributed regularly along the Pacific coastline of Nicaragua and classified to determine land management sectors. For each of the identified sectors, the ecological, economic, social, and productive dimensions were evaluated independently, handling a total of 53 variables from different databases, by means of ordination multivariate factor analysis. Subsequently, the four dimensions were integrated into a model and the results were evaluated based on their similarity with theoretical development scenarios, assessed by discriminant analysis. Among these, the scenarios considered as a goal for sustainability in the studied area were present. On the Pacific coast of Nicaragua, productive and economic activities are currently prioritized, without having an integrated planning scheme for the entire territory, which includes nature conservation. The main contribution has been to provide a method for evaluating the land in an integrative and multidimensional way, while at the same time qualifying the different territorial sectors from a sustainable development. Even under a context of relative scarcity of information for some relevant aspects, the dimension-values assessment is largely solved by ordering the territorial sectors with a multivariate strategy, so that they are classified in relative and not absolute terms, which allows the strategy to be very useful for countries lacking some databases and cartography. This holistic and comprehensive vision of the entire territory facilitates social participation and contributes to decision-making aimed at advancing toward sustainability.

scholarly journals The role of asperities in seismicity frequency-magnitude relations using the TREMOL v0.1.0. The case of the Guerrero-Oaxaca subduction zone, México

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisol Monterrubio-Velasco ◽  
F. Ramón Zúñiga ◽  
Armando Aguilar-Meléndez ◽  
Otilio Rojas ◽  
Quetzalcóatl Rodríguez-Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Significant Events ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The World ◽  
Earthquake Model ◽  
Frequency Magnitude

Abstract. Seismicity and magnitude distributions are fundamental for any type of seismic hazard analysis. The Mexican subduction zone along the Pacific Coast is one of the most active seismic zones in the world. Some peculiar characteristics of the seismicity have been observed for a subregion of the subduction regime, which has been named SUB3 in a recent seismotectonic regionalization of the country, suggesting that the observed simplicity of this source arises from the rupturing of single asperities. In this work, we numerically test this hypothesis using the TREMOL (sThochastic Rupture Earthquake MOdeL) v0.1.0 code. As test cases, we choose four of the most significant events (6.5 

scholarly journals Caring for water in Northern Peru: On fragile infrastructures and the diverse work involved in irrigation

2021 ◽  
pp. 251484862110522
Author(s):  
Carolina Domínguez-Guzmán ◽  
Andres Verzijl ◽  
Margreet Zwarteveen ◽  
Annemarie Mol
Keyword(s):  
Catchment Area ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Managerial Style ◽  
Mining Companies ◽  
The Andes ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Hands On ◽  
The World ◽  
Northern Peru

The term control used to be central to the scholarship on modern water management. More recently, however, scholars have remarked that the world is too unstable and capricious for control to ever fully succeed. They propose that technologically facilitating water to flow depends instead on care. Building on this, we here propose that holding on to a single catch-all theoretical concept, even if it is ‘care’, does not suffice. Instead, analytical terms are better adapted – and re-adapted to local specificities. To exemplify this, we here present the case of the Huallabamba, a canal that makes horticulture possible in the arid valley of Motupe on the Pacific coast of northern Peru. In this case, while ‘control’ was hard to find, ‘care’ took different forms: the tinkering that compensates for the not-quite-modern character of the infrastructures; the adaptive managerial style necessary given the absence of information; the watchful, hands-on cuidar of the men who walk along the canal high up in the Andes, repairing what is broken, cautious lest they anger the spirits; the listening to and singing for water in the catchment area; and the activism that resists the invasion of mining companies. This open-ended list is not meant to travel as a theoretical grid, but rather to inspire others to propose locally salient analytical terms to explore the sites and situations in which they are involved.

The Surprise of Prohibition

Hoptopia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter A. Kopp
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Willamette Valley ◽  
World War ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The World ◽  
Eighteenth Amendment ◽  
The Great War

The threat of prohibition inspired Willamette Valley hop growers to join their farming brethren on the Pacific Coast to enter a political fight. It was a fight, however, that failed, as Oregon voters approved an initiative to prohibit the manufacture, sale, and transport of alcohol five years before Congress ratified the Eighteenth Amendment. Many hop growers abandoned the trade in fear of prohibition, along with others farmers that moved in the direction of grain, fruits, and vegetables to help in the World War I era. But those who stayed planted in hops were wise to do so. As the Great War unfolded in Europe, agricultural lands lay ruined. Additionally, Germany’s aggression corroded their hold on the international hop market. Willamette Valley growers seized the opportunity to expand their distribution shortly after the war and through the 1920s. So great was the success that even during Prohibition that eliminated domestic beer markets, Oregon growers expanded acreage in every year of the “dry decade.”

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