Errata: "Depletion Effects" and Nonrenewable Resource Supply: A Diagrammatic Exposition

1987 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nonrenewable Resource

scholarly journals A review on allotropes of carbon and natural filler-reinforced thermomechanical properties of upgraded epoxy hybrid composite

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-275
Author(s):  
Krushna Gouda ◽  
Sumit Bhowmik ◽  
Biplab Das
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Thermomechanical Properties ◽  
Neat Epoxy ◽  
Inorganic Filler ◽  
Nonrenewable Resource ◽  
High Performing ◽  
Thermosetting Polymers ◽  
Natural Filler

Abstract The scarcity of nonrenewable resource motivated inclination towards the environmental-friendly novel materials and development of waste natural filler-based hybrid composite is encouraged to fulfill the material demand. Epoxy resins-based composites are high-performing thermosetting polymers and have outstanding blending properties, good machinability, and low cost. Due to these advantages, thermoset plastic is largely used in a broad range of engineering applications; however, thermomechanical properties of neat epoxy are low. Thus, to enhance the thermomechanical properties of epoxy, it is interfaced materials such as graphite, graphene nanoplatelet, boron, carbon fiber, aluminium, silver, etc. Among various substances, graphene has been deliberated as an acceptable novel filler because of its exceptional properties. In addition to inorganic filler inclusion, natural filler/fiber like hemp, sisal, flax, bamboo, jute, etc. can be utilized in a higher percentage as biodegradable material. The present article assisted to improve thermomechanical properties of neat epoxy. This work identifies and addresses (i) processes used for graphene modification; (ii) treatment utilized for enhancing the binding properties of natural filler; (iii) various natural filler extraction process employed; (iv) neat epoxy modification; and (v) influence of different dimensions of fillers.

scholarly journals Mergers in nonrenewable resource oligopolies and environmental policies

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 35-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Benchekroun ◽  
Michèle Breton ◽  
Amrita Ray Chaudhuri
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policies ◽  
Nonrenewable Resource

scholarly journals Potential of Utilization of Renewable Energy Technologies in Gulf Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 10261
Author(s):  
J. Sadhik Basha ◽  
Tahereh Jafary ◽  
Ranjit Vasudevan ◽  
Jahanzeb Khan Bahadur ◽  
Muna Al Ajmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Nonrenewable Resource ◽  
Gulf Region ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
Power Sources

This critical review report highlights the enormous potentiality and availability of renewable energy sources in the Gulf region. The earth suffers from extreme air pollution, climate changes, and extreme problems due to the enormous usage of underground carbon resources applications materialized in industrial, transport, and domestic sectors. The countries under Gulf Cooperation Council, i.e., Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates, mainly explore those underground carbon resources for crude oil extraction and natural gas production. As a nonrenewable resource, these are bound to be exhausted in the near future. Hence, this review discusses the importance and feasibility of renewable sources in the Gulf region to persuade the scientific community to launch and explore renewable sources to obtain the maximum benefit in electric power generation. In most parts of the Gulf region, solar and wind energy sources are abundantly available. However, attempts to harness those resources are very limited. Furthermore, in this review report, innovative areas of advanced research (such as bioenergy, biomass) were proposed for the Gulf region to extract those resources at a higher magnitude to generate surplus power generation. Overall, this report clearly depicts the current scenario, current power demand, currently installed capacities, and the future strategies of power production from renewable power sources (viz., solar, wind, tidal, biomass, and bioenergy) in each and every part of the Gulf region.

scholarly journals Multimode Preemptive Resource Investment Problem Subject to Due Dates for Activities: Formulation and Solution Procedure

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behrouz Afshar-Nadjafi ◽  
Mohammad Arani
Keyword(s):  
Time Lag ◽  
Solution Procedure ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Test Problems ◽  
Due Dates ◽  
Nonrenewable Resource ◽  
Setup Cost ◽  
Resource Investment ◽  
Investment Problem ◽  
Resource Investment Problem

The preemptive Multimode resource investment problem is investigated. The Objective is to minimize the total renewable/nonrenewable resource costs and earliness-tardiness costs by a given project deadline and due dates for activities. In this problem setting preemption is allowed with no setup cost or time. The project contains activities interrelated by finish-start type precedence relations with a time lag of zero, which require a set of renewable and nonrenewable resources. The problem formed in this way is an NP-hard. A mixed integer programming formulation is proposed for the problem and parameters tuned genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed to solve it. To evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, 120 test problems are used. Comparative statistical results reveal that the proposed GA is efficient and effective in terms of the objective function and computational times.

scholarly journals Non-renewable Resources and the Intergenerational Equity Problem in Saudi Arabia

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Norman Adamson Sigalla King
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Economic Trend ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Intergenerational Equity ◽  
Future Price ◽  
Nonrenewable Resource ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Source Of Information

This study examines the intergenerational equity problem of Saudi Arabia, a country that is highly dependent on oil, a non-renewable resource, for most of her income. The first part which is introductory covers the definition of the main concepts, the importance of energy and the Saudi Arabian economic trend. The second part covers oil production and the alternative and future strategies. The paper has articulated documentation as the major source of information, while maintaining review through thinking holistically as the drive to making analyses of the discussion. It is a case study design as it focuses on Saudi Arabia. The third part of the paper discusses the challenges to models, alternatives, and the impact of future price of oil. The paper concludes that managing an economy which has the strength of nonrenewable resource such as oil, need highly adept understanding of resource management while containing other industrial products to support the economy.

scholarly journals TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE DURING THE ENERGY TRANSITION

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 805-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard van der Meijden ◽  
Sjak Smulders
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Technological Change ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Peak Oil ◽  
Nonrenewable Resource ◽  
Alternative Energy Source ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Speed Up

The energy transition from fossil fuels to alternative energy sources has important consequences for technological change and resource extraction. We examine these consequences by incorporating a nonrenewable resource and an alternative energy source in a market economy model of endogenous growth through expanding varieties. During the energy transition, technological progress is nonmonotonic over time: It declines initially, starts increasing when the economy approaches the regime shift, and jumps down once the resource stock is exhausted. A moment of peak-oil does no longer necessarily occur, and simultaneous use of the resource and the alternative energy source will take place if the return to innovation becomes too low. Subsidies to research and development (R&D) and to renewables production speed up the energy transition, whereas a tax on fossil fuels postpones the switch to renewable energy.

scholarly journals Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Cationic Guar Gum, Cellulose Nanocrystals and Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose based Multilayered Composite Films

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Saini ◽  
Deepak Sharma ◽  
Yuanyuan Xia ◽  
Aman Saini ◽  
Xiangyu You ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Nanocrystals ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Film Surface ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Multilayer Composite ◽  
Nonrenewable Resource ◽  
Multilayered Composite

Abstract Eco-friendly sustainable materials provide an appealing template to replace contemporary synthetic-nonrenewable resource-based materials while maintaining the acceptable material properties to meet the performance requirements. Here, a layer-by-layer (LBL) self-assembly technique was used for fabricating multilayer composite films using all bio-based polymers/polysaccharides, i.e. cationic guar gum (CGg), carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (cCNCs) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC). A five layered composite film was fabricated by depositing polymeric layers as follows: CGg→cCNCs→HPMC→cCNCs→CGg. The structural analysis of CGg/cCNCs/HPMC multilayered composite films indicated the existence of electrostatic interaction as well as H-bonding between polymeric layers that resulted in homogenous, dense and compact film surface with improved smoothness and strength properties. As compared to pure CGg film, the CGg/cCNCs/HPMC multilayered composite films showed improved tensile strength (84.8% increment) and modulus (29.19% improvement). Importantly, the deposition of HPMC layer contributed in achieving multilayer composite films with more flexible behavior (46.55% improvement in elongation at break). Furthermore, owing to the high transparency (89.5% transmittance), appreciable gas and oil barrier performance and resistance to various solvents (e.g. acetone, THF and DMAc), these multilayer films are promising candidates for various applications including renewable/sustainable packaging materials.

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