The Matter of Metaphor: Literary Myths of Construction

1981 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Alexander McClung
Keyword(s):  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Structural Function ◽  
Architectural Theory ◽  
Natural Laws ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Man And Nature ◽  
Natural Forms ◽  
Right Relationship ◽  
The Right ◽  
Relationship Of

Since classical times, the dialectic of Art and Nature has found expression in architectural theories and practices that have claimed for the preeminent craft of Architecture the discovery of a system of correct design, construction, and ornament grounded in natural laws. The intellectual arguments that have made such systems plausible are rooted in assumptions about legitimacy in the choice and use of materials of construction, and assumptions about the right relationship of materials to structural function. Imaginative and ethical literature have most fully articulated these assumptions, although modernist architectural rhetoric sustains and renews them. In the Stoic eye, all craft is suspect as an illegitimate reordering of natural forms and natural processes; medieval esthetic systems may classify architecture as the bastard child of man and nature. The most effective and pervasive mechanism by which architecture has circumvented such strictures is the functionalist formula that in essence requires identity of content with form, of dweller with dwelling, of hollow with shell, as both a physical and a metaphysical unity. Such a metaphoric formula is realized fully only in imagination, finding its fullest expression in English estate poetry of the 17th century. There, a complex set of literary devices permits the formulation of ideal structures in conformity with natural law, however defined, drawing on broad paradisal myths as well as narrower historical and architectural quarrels to establish a permanent dichotomy between the "natural," "functional" structure and its contrary. In the exaltation of form over content, and in the rehabilitation of luxury in construction, modern architectural theory and practice has radically modified the classical formula, while retaining its essential terms.

scholarly journals Konsep Uchi-Soto Dalam Penerjemahan Yari-Morai

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
Reny Wiyatasari
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Japanese People ◽  
Advanced Technique ◽  
Basic Technique ◽  
Auxiliary Verbs ◽  
Right Relationship ◽  
The Right ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Given

  This study aims to describe the understanding of Japanese language students about the ‘uchi-soto’ concept which is the standard for Japanese people when using the ‘yari-morai’ expression. This also relates to the process of translating speeches containing the verb ‘yari-morai’. Data sources are Japanese manga (Japanese) and a questionnaire that lists structured questions. The method used in data collection is the listening method with tapping technique as the basic technique and the listening-free-engaged-conversation technique as an advanced technique. Whereas in the analysis using contextual and descriptive methods, the sentence is analyzed by explaining the context, the concept of ‘uchi-soto’ in relation to the use of ‘yari-morai’ auxiliary verbs, assessing the results of the translation and relating it to the concept of ‘uchi-soto’ in the linguistic realm. The results of this study indicate 1) in the yaru and ageru verbs, it was found that the respondents' understanding of the uchi-soto concept was the same lack. 2) on the morau verb, the authors found that respondents were able to determine the uchi-soto relationship and 3) in the kureru verb, some respondents can distinguish and determine the uchi-soto relationship well, however, when the kureru verb becomes kudasaru, even though the respondent can still recognize the uchi-soto relationship, some 100% of the translating results of the respondent are incorrect. So, from the students' understanding of the concept of uchi-soto which is associated with the results of translation it is known that it does not significantly correlate with student competence in translating utterances that contain yari-morai verbs and vice versa. Although some respondents answered correctly the uchi-soto relationship of the speakers involved in a conversation, it was not in accordance with the translation that resulted from both accuracy and acceptance. On the other hand, although the respondent is able to translate the fragments from the utterances, it is not able to determine the right relationship between speakers with other parties in the given conversation situation. Keywords: expressions; uchi-soto; yari-morai; translation

Lutheran Accents

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. DeJonge
Keyword(s):  
Church And State ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Fundamental Significance ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Lutheran Theology ◽  
Right Relationship ◽  
The Right ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Law And Gospel

The Lutheran accents of Bonhoeffer’s theology become more pronounced as we move from his story of creation, fall, and redemption (Chapter 1) into his specifically political reflections (beginning in Chapter 3). In order to pave the way for this transition, this chapter presents some traditional characteristics of Lutheran theology before returning to Bonhoeffer in light of them. The starting point is the doctrine of justification, generally seen as the center of Lutheran theology. Inseparable from justification is the distinction between law and gospel, which is of fundamental significance for all that follows about Bonhoeffer’s political thinking. The message of justification and the complex relationship of law and gospel implied by it set the framework for political life, including the right relationship of church and state.

scholarly journals A Word by the Editor-in-Chief: The Light of Spirit and Mind

Illuminatio ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-37
Author(s):  
Mustafa Cerić
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Human Soul ◽  
Ibn Sina ◽  
Human Thought ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

God is the Light of the Heavens and the Earth! (Qur'an, 24:35) The soul is like a glass lamp, and knowledge is light of flame, and the wisdom of God is the oil! If it is lit, you are alive, and if it is darkened, you are dead! (Ibn Sina) It is during our darkest moments that we must focus to see the light! (Aristotel) Starting with the fact that understanding the human spirit, soul, mind and heart is a primary condition of an understanding of the relationship between God and the world and the relationship of God-Man-World, the goal of the Journal of „Illuminatio“ (Bosnian „Svjetionik“, Arabic „Almanar“) is to revive the pure spirit in the human soul and to enlighten the pure mind in the human heart by reminding the soul of its primordial Covenant with God Almighty and stimulating the mind to seek the right path to the realization of the transcendental truth through the theory and practice of taṣdīq, i.e. the assertion of divine tradition, and the theory and practice of tajdīd, i.e. the renovation of human thought in the service of present and future spiritual and humanistic cause, as well as in the service of a truthful individual as well as a healthy social life.

PIOPLE. INFORMATION. DEGRADATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 44-53
Author(s):  
Andrey Varlamov ◽  
Vladimir Rimshin
Keyword(s):  
Information Theory ◽  
Mathematical Theory ◽  
Maximum Information ◽  
Building Models ◽  
Man And Nature ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nature And Society ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Link Information ◽  
The Relationship

Considered the issues of interaction between man and nature. Noted that this interaction is fundamental in the existence of modern civilization. The question of possible impact on nature and society with the aim of preserving the existence of human civilization. It is shown that the study of this issue goes towards the crea-tion of models of interaction between nature and man. Determining when building models is information about the interaction of man and nature. Considered information theory from the viewpoint of interaction between nature and man. Noted that currently information theory developed mainly as a mathematical theory. The issues of interaction of man and nature, the availability and existence of information in the material sys-tem is not studied. Indicates the link information with the energy terms control large flows of energy. For con-sideration of the interaction of man and nature proposed to use the theory of degradation. Graphs are pre-sented of the information in the history of human development. Reviewed charts of population growth. As a prediction it is proposed to use the simplest based on the theory of degradation. Consideration of the behav-ior of these dependencies led to the conclusion about the existence of communication energy and information as a feature of the degradation of energy. It justifies the existence of border life ( including humanity) at the point with maximum information. Shows the relationship of energy and time using potential energy.

Art, Idleness and Food: The Ethics of War Communism and the Origins of Production Art, 1918–1919

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-287
Keyword(s):  
Theory And Practice ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Early Production ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Soviet Ideology ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Theory Of Production

The article examines the impact of the discourses concerning idleness and food on the formation of “production art” in the socio-political context of revolutionary Petrograd. The author argues that the development of the theory and practice of this early productionism was closely related to the larger political, social and ideological processes in the city. The Futurists, who were in the epicenter of Petrograd politics during the Civil War (1918–1921), were well acquainted with both of the discourses mentioned, and they contrasted the idleness of the old art with the dedicated labor of the “artist-proletarians” whom they valued as highly as people in the “traditional” working professions. And the search for the “right to exist” became the most important goal in a starving city dominated by the ideology of radical communism. The author departs from the prevailing approach in the literature, which links the artistic thought of the Futurists to Soviet ideology in its abstract, generalized form, and instead elucidates ideological influences in order to consider the early production texts in their immediate social and political contexts. The article shows that the basic concepts of production art (“artist-proletarian,” “creative labor,” etc.) were part of the mainstream trends in the politics of “red Petrograd.” The Futurists borrowed the popular notion of the “commune” for the title of their main newspaper but also worked with the Committees of the Rural Poor and with the state institutions for procurement and distribution. They took an active part in the Fine Art Department of Narkompros (People’s Commissariat of Education). The theory of production art was created under these conditions. The individualistic protest and “aesthetic terror” of pre-revolutionary Futurism had to be reconsidered, and new state policy measures were based on them. The harsh socio-economic context of war communism prompted artists to rethink their own role in the “impending commune.” Further development of these ideas led to the Constructivist movement and strongly influenced the extremely diverse trends within the “left art” of the 1920s.

Universal Health Coverage

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joia S. Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Quality Health Care ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Quality Health ◽  
The Right ◽  
Universal Health

This chapter explores the seminal topic of Universal Health Coverage (UHC), an objective within the Sustainable Development goals. It reviews the theory and definitions that shape the current conversation on UHC. The movement from selective primary health care to UHC demonstrates a global commitment to the progressive realization of the right to health. However, access to UHC is limited by barriers to care, inadequate provision of care, and poor-quality services. To deliver UHC, it is critical to align inputs in the health system with the burden of disease. Quality of care must also be improved. Steady, sufficient financing is needed to achieve the laudable goal of UHC.This chapter highlights some important steps taken by countries to expand access to quality health care. Finally, the chapter investigates the theory and practice behind a morbidity-based approach to strengthening health systems and achieving UHC.

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