scholarly journals Three-dimensional evaluation of maxillary dentoalveolar changes and airway space after distalization in adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Hyun Park ◽  
Sungkon Kim ◽  
Yoon-Jin Lee ◽  
Mohamed Bayome ◽  
Yoon-Ah Kook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Transverse Dimension ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Palatal Plate ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Maxillary Dentition ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Viable Treatment

ABSTRACT Objectives: To evaluate the changes in position of the maxillary dentition and the airway space after distalization using a modified C-palatal plate (MCPP) in adult patients through CBCT images and to analyze the relationship between the amount of distalization and the changes in the airway space. Materials and Methods: CBCT images of 33 adult Class II patients (22.2 ± 4.0 years old; 27 women and 6 men) treated by total maxillary arch distalization using the MCPP were evaluated before and after distalization. The patients were divided into nonextraction and extraction groups. The changes in the airway space as well as the changes in the positions of the maxillary dentition were evaluated. The distalization effects were calculated and assessed using paired t-tests. Results: After distalization, the first molar showed significant distalization and intrusion (P < .001) with no significant rotation of the crown and no significant buccal displacement of its root in the transverse dimension. There were no significant changes in the airway volume or the minimum cross-sectional area of the oropharynx. Conclusions: The application of the MCPP resulted in significant total arch distalization without a significant effect on the transverse dimensions or changes in the oropharynx airway space. The MCPP can be considered a viable treatment option for patients with Class II malocclusion.

Full-step Class II Correction Using a Modified C-palatal Plate for Total Arch Distalization in an Adolescent

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
SH Han ◽  
JH Park ◽  
CY Jung ◽  
YA Kook ◽  
M Hong
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Treatment Option ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Adolescent Male ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Palatal Plate ◽  
Total Treatment ◽  
Maxillary Dentition ◽  
Viable Treatment

A 13-year-old adolescent male patient had a convex profile, severe overjet, and deep overbite with a skeletal Class II pattern. His maxillary dentition was distalized using a modified C-palatal plate (MCPP), and the treatment outcome was stable. After 37 months of total treatment, a pleasing profile and a favorable Class I occlusion was successfully achieved with 5 mm of distalization in the maxillary dentition. MCPP is a viable treatment option for full-step Class II in adolescents, especially when the patients/parents decline the extraction option.

A Cadaveric and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Investigation of the Salpingopharyngeus

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Karen Perta ◽  
Eileen Kalmar ◽  
Youkyung Bae
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Velopharyngeal Function ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The aim of the study was to update our information regarding the salpingopharyngeus (SP) muscle using cadaveric and in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. Primary objectives were to (a) observe the presence/absence of the muscle and (b) quantify and describe its dimensions and course. Method SP specimens from 19 cadavers (10 women, nine men) were analyzed. Following head bisection, measurements of SP, including width of the cartilaginous attachment (CW) and width of the superior muscle base (SMW), were taken before and after removal of the overlying mucosa. In addition, SP was analyzed in 15 healthy subjects (eight men, seven women) using high-resolution three-dimensional MRI data. CW and SMW measures were replicated in the paraxial MRI view. Results The presence of the salpingopharyngeal fold and muscle was confirmed bilaterally in all cadaveric and living subjects. Following mucosa removal, mean cadaveric CW and SMW measurements were 5.6 and 3.8 mm, respectively. Mean in vivo CW and SMW were 6.1 and 3.7 mm, respectively. Results from the hierarchical regression analyses revealed that, in both cadaveric and living groups, SMW is dependent on the relationship between age and body weight, after controlling for sex. Conclusions The salpingopharyngeal fold and SP muscle are always present bilaterally and can be quantified at the superior origin using both cadaveric and in vivo three-dimensional MRI data. Though both the superior origin and inferior course of SP are highly variable, the size of the SP muscle is dependent on characteristics known to affect muscle fibers, such as the relationship between age and body weight. Given the consistent and quantifiable presence of the SP muscle, its potential role in velopharyngeal function for speech and swallowing is reconsidered. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14347859

scholarly journals Three-dimensional positional assessment of glenoid fossae and mandibular condyles in patients with Class II subdivision malocclusion

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 847-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Macêdo de Mattos ◽  
Juan Martin Palomo ◽  
Antonio Carlos de Oliveira Ruellas ◽  
Paula Loureiro Cheib ◽  
Manhal Eliliwi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sella Turcica ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Cranial Base ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Anterior Cranial Base ◽  
Condylar Position ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Anterior Posterior

ABSTRACT Objectives: To test the null hypotheses that the positions of the glenoid fossae and mandibular condyles are identical on the Class I and Class II sides of patients with Class II subdivision malocclusion. Materials and Methods: Retrospective three-dimensional (3D) assessments of the positions of the glenoid fossae and mandibular condyles were made in patients with Class II malocclusion. Relative to a fiducial reference at the anterior cranial base, distances from the glenoid fossae and condyles were calculated in pretreatment cone beam computed tomographic scans of 82 patients: 41 with Class II and 41 with Class II subdivision malocclusions. The 3D distances from glenoid fossae to sella turcica in the X (right-left), Y (anterior-posterior), Z (inferior-superior) projections were calculated. Results: Patients with Class II malocclusion displayed a symmetric position of the glenoid fossae and condyles with no statistically significant differences between sides (P > .05), whereas patients with Class II subdivision showed asymmetry in the distance between the glenoid fossae and anterior cranial base or sella turcica (P < .05), with distally and laterally positioned glenoid fossae on the Class II side. (P < .05). Male patients had greater distances between glenoid fossae and anterior cranial fossae (P < .05). The condylar position relative to the glenoid fossae did not differ between the two malocclusion groups nor between males and females (P > .05). Conclusions: The null hypotheses were rejected. Patients with Class II subdivision malocclusion displayed asymmetrically positioned right- and left-side glenoid fossae, with a distally and laterally positioned Class II side, although the condyles were symmetrically positioned within the glenoid fossae.

scholarly journals Infra-Zygomatic Mini Screws Compared to High Pull Headgear for Distalization And Intrusion of Maxillary Molars in Growing Patients with Class II Malocclusion: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Ahmed K. Afify ◽  
Amr E. El-Dakroury ◽  
Sherif A. El-Kordy ◽  
Mostafa M. El-Dawlatly
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Clinical Study ◽  
Treatment Duration ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Maxillary Molars ◽  
Randomized Clinical Study ◽  
Molar Intrusion ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Patient Cooperation

Objective: The aim of the present randomized clinical study was to evaluate the distalization and intrusion effect of an Infra-zygomatic mini-screws supported appliance and compare it with high pull headgear appliance in treatment of growing patients with class II malocclusion. Methodology: 22 growing boys aged between (10 to 12 years) with class II div 1 malocclusion randomly divided to 2 equal groups. The first group treated with high pull headgear with acrylic splint and the second one treated with an Infra-zygomatic mini-screws supported appliance. The treatment duration was 8 months for both groups. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken before and after the treatment for each patient to be analyzed. Results: The maxillary first molar distalization was 2.58±2.31 mm in head gear group and 1.53±2.83 mm in mini-screws group. There was no significant maxillary first molar intrusion in both groups. There were no significant differences between the two groups. Conclusions: the mini-screws supported appliance can be used as the fixed replacement of the removable high pull headgear appliance with no need for patient cooperation.

scholarly journals Application of holography and automated image processing for laboratory experiments on mass and fall speed of small cloud ice crystals

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (23) ◽  
pp. 14889-14901
Author(s):  
Maximilian Weitzel ◽  
Subir K. Mitra ◽  
Miklós Szakáll ◽  
Jacob P. Fugal ◽  
Stephan Borrmann
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Ice Crystals ◽  
Local Cooling ◽  
Ice Cloud ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Melting Crystal ◽  
Cloud Ice ◽  
Automated Image Processing ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. An ice cloud chamber was developed at the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz for generating several thousand data points for mass and sedimentation velocity measurements of ice crystals with sizes less than 150 µm. Ice nucleation was initiated from a cloud of supercooled droplets by local cooling using a liquid nitrogen cold finger. Three-dimensional tracks of ice crystals falling through the slightly supersaturated environment were obtained from the reconstruction of sequential holographic images, automated detection of the crystals in the hologram reconstructions, and particle tracking. Through collection of the crystals and investigation under a microscope before and after melting, crystal mass was determined as a function of size. The experimentally obtained mass versus diameter (m(D)) power law relationship resulted in lower masses for small ice crystals than from commonly adopted parameterizations. Thus, they did not support the currently accepted extrapolation of relationships measured for larger crystal sizes. The relationship between Best (X) and Reynolds (Re) numbers for columnar crystals was found to be X=15.3 Re1.2, which is in general agreement with literature parameterizations.

Impact of cigarette package warnings on attitudes towards sharing and gifting cigarettes in China: a nationwide study of smokers and non-smokers

2021 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2020-056160
Author(s):  
Yanhui Liao ◽  
Jinsong Tang ◽  
Ann McNeill ◽  
Brian C Kelly ◽  
Joanna E Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Health Warnings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cigarette Package

BackgroundSharing and gifting cigarettes are common in China. These social practices promote cigarette consumption, and consequently may reduce quit rates in China. This study investigated sharing and gifting cigarettes, and the relationship of observing pictorial health warnings to attitudes towards sharing and gifting cigarettes in China.MethodsWe conducted an online nationwide cross-sectional study of 9818 adults in China. Experiences of sharing and gifting cigarettes, and attitudes towards sharing and gifting cigarettes before and after viewing text and pictorial health warnings on the packages were assessed, and compared between smokers and non-smokers.ResultsMost current smokers reported experiences of sharing (97%) and gifting (around 90%) cigarettes. Less than half of non-smokers reported sharing cigarettes and receiving gifted cigarettes, but over half (61.4%) gave cigarettes as a gift to others. More than half of non-smokers but less than 10% of smokers disagreed with sharing and gifting cigarettes. After observing both text and pictorial health warnings on the packages, disagreement with sharing and gifting cigarettes increased by more than 10 percentage points among both smokers and non-smokers.ConclusionHaving pictorial health warnings on cigarette packages may reduce sharing and gifting cigarettes in China.

Dental and skeletal effects after total arch distalization using modified C-palatal plate on hypo- and hyperdivergent Class II malocclusions in adolescents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Yoon Jung ◽  
Jae Hyun Park ◽  
Ja Hyeong Ku ◽  
Nam-Ki Lee ◽  
Yoonji Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Plane Angle ◽  
Mandibular Plane ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Palatal Plate ◽  
Skeletal Effects ◽  
Facial Types

ABSTRACT Objectives To compare the dental and skeletal treatment effects after total arch distalization using modified C-palatal plates (MCPPs) on adolescent patients with hypo- and hyperdivergent Class II malocclusion. Materials and Methods The study group included 40 patients with Class II malocclusion (18 boys and 22 girls, mean age = 12.2 ± 1.4 years) treated with MCPPs. Fixed orthodontic treatment started with the distalizing process in both groups. Participants were divided into hypo- or hyperdivergent groups based on their pretreatment Frankfort mandibular plane angle (FMA) ≤22° or ≥28°, respectively. Pre- and posttreatment lateral cephalograms were digitized, and 23 variables were measured and compared for both groups using paired and independent t-tests. Results The hyper- and hypodivergent groups showed 2.7 mm and 4.3 mm of first molar crown distalizing movement, respectively (P < .001). The hypodivergent group had a slight 2.2° crown distal tipping of first molars compared with 0.3° in the hyperdivergent group. After distalization, the FMA increased 3.1° and 0.3°, in the hypodivergent and hyperdivergent groups, respectively (P < .001). SNA decreased in the hypodivergent group, while other skeletal variables presented no statistically significant differences in the changes between the groups. Conclusions The hypodivergent group showed more distal and tipping movement of the maxillary first molar and increased FMA than the hyperdivergent group. Therefore, clinicians must consider vertical facial types when distalizing molars using MCPPs in Class II nonextraction treatment.

scholarly journals Relationship between skeletal Class II and Class III malocclusions with vertical skeletal pattern

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Sonia Patricia Plaza ◽  
Andreina Reimpell ◽  
Jaime Silva ◽  
Diana Montoya
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Class Iii Malocclusion ◽  
Multinomial Regression ◽  
Lateral Cephalogram ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Skeletal Class Ii ◽  
Skeletal Pattern

ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this study was to establish the association between sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns and assess which cephalometric variables contribute to the possibility of developing skeletal Class II or Class III malocclusion. Methods: Cross-sectional study. The sample included pre-treatment lateral cephalogram radiographs from 548 subjects (325 female, 223 male) aged 18 to 66 years. Sagittal skeletal pattern was established by three different classification parameters (ANB angle, Wits and App-Bpp) and vertical skeletal pattern by SN-Mandibular plane angle. Cephalometric variables were measured using Dolphin software (Imaging and Management Solutions, Chatsworth, Calif, USA) by a previously calibrated operator. The statistical analysis was carried out with Chi-square test, ANOVA/Kruskal-Wallis test, and an ordinal multinomial regression model. Results: Evidence of association (p< 0.05) between sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns was found with a greater proportion of hyperdivergent skeletal pattern in Class II malocclusion using three parameters to assess the vertical pattern, and there was more prevalent hypodivergence in Class III malocclusion, considering ANB and App-Bpp measurements. Subjects with hyperdivergent skeletal pattern (odds ratio [OR]=1.85-3.65), maxillary prognathism (OR=2.67-24.88) and mandibular retrognathism (OR=2.57-22.65) had a significantly (p< 0.05) greater chance of developing skeletal Class II malocclusion. Meanwhile, subjects with maxillary retrognathism (OR=2.76-100.59) and mandibular prognathism (OR=5.92-21.50) had a significantly (p< 0.05) greater chance of developing skeletal Class III malocclusion. Conclusions: A relationship was found between Class II and Class III malocclusion with the vertical skeletal pattern. There is a tendency toward skeletal compensation with both vertical and sagittal malocclusions.

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