1673-P: The Neighborhood Deprivation Index and Provider Geocoding Identify Critical Catchment Areas for Diabetes Outreach Programs

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1673-P
Author(s):  
ASHBY F. WALKER ◽  
HUI HU ◽  
NICOLAS CUTTRISS ◽  
MICHAEL J. HALLER ◽  
C. JASON WANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deprivation Index ◽  
Neighborhood Deprivation ◽  
Outreach Programs ◽  
Catchment Areas

scholarly journals The Neighborhood Deprivation Index and Provider Geocoding Identify Critical Catchment Areas for Diabetes Outreach

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (9) ◽  
pp. 3069-3075
Author(s):  
Ashby F Walker ◽  
Hui Hu ◽  
Nicolas Cuttriss ◽  
Claudia Anez-Zabala ◽  
Katarina Yabut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Application Programming Interface ◽  
Primary Care Providers ◽  
Deprivation Index ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Census Block ◽  
Neighborhood Deprivation ◽  
Census Tracts ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Block Groups

Abstract Purpose In designing a Project ECHO™ type 1 diabetes (T1D) program in Florida and California, the Neighborhood Deprivation Index (NDI) was used in conjunction with geocoding of primary care providers (PCPs) and endocrinologists in each state to concurrently identify areas with low endocrinology provider density and high health risk/poverty areas. The NDI measures many aspects of poverty proven to be critical indicators of health outcomes. Methods The data from the 2013-2017 American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year estimates were used to create NDI maps for California and Florida. In addition, geocoding and 30-minute drive-time buffers were performed using publicly available provider directories for PCPs and endocrinologists in both states by Google Geocoding API and the TravelTime Search Application Programming Interface (API). Results Based on these findings, we defined high-need catchment areas as areas with (1) more than a 30-minute drive to the nearest endocrinologist but within a 30-minute drive to the nearest PCP; (2) an NDI in the highest quartile; and (3) a population above the median (5199 for census tracts, and 1394 for census block groups). Out of the 12 181 census tracts and 34 490 census block groups in California and Florida, we identified 57 tracts and 215 block groups meeting these criteria as high-need catchment areas. Conclusion Geospatial analysis provides an important initial methodologic step to effectively focus outreach efforts in diabetes program development. The integration of the NDI with geocoded provider directories enables more cost-effective and targeted interventions to reach the most vulnerable populations living with T1D.

scholarly journals The effect of area deprivation on COVID-19 risk in Louisiana

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243028
Author(s):  
Madhav K. C. ◽  
Evrim Oral ◽  
Susanne Straif-Bourgeois ◽  
Ariane L. Rung ◽  
Edward S. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Census Tract ◽  
The United States ◽  
Neighborhood Environment ◽  
Deprivation Index ◽  
Area Deprivation ◽  
Neighborhood Deprivation ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
High Deprivation ◽  
Case Count ◽  
Deprived Neighborhoods

Background Louisiana in the summer of 2020 had the highest per capita case count for COVID-19 in the United States and COVID-19 deaths disproportionately affects the African American population. Neighborhood deprivation has been observed to be associated with poorer health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between neighborhood deprivation and COVID-19 in Louisiana. Methods The Area Deprivation Index (ADI) was calculated and used to classify neighborhood deprivation at the census tract level. A total of 17 US census variables were used to calculate the ADI for each of the 1148 census tracts in Louisiana. The data were extracted from the American Community Survey (ACS) 2018. The neighborhoods were categorized into quintiles as well as low and high deprivation. The publicly available COVID-19 cumulative case counts by census tract were obtained from the Louisiana Department of Health website on July 31, 2020. Descriptive and Poisson regression analyses were performed. Results Neighborhoods in Louisiana were substantially different with respect to deprivation. The ADI ranged from 136.00 for the most deprived neighborhood and –33.87 in the least deprived neighborhood. We observed that individuals residing in the most deprived neighborhoods had almost a 40% higher risk of COVID-19 compared to those residing in the least deprived neighborhoods. Conclusion While the majority of previous studies were focused on very limited socio-environmental factors such as crowding and income, this study used a composite area-based deprivation index to examine the role of neighborhood environment on COVID-19. We observed a positive relationship between neighborhood deprivation and COVID-19 risk in Louisiana. The study findings can be utilized to promote public health preventions measures besides social distancing, wearing a mask while in public and frequent handwashing in vulnerable neighborhoods with greater deprivation.

scholarly journals Geospatial analysis of neighborhood deprivation index (NDI) for the United States by county

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus R. Andrews ◽  
Kosuke Tamura ◽  
Sophie E. Claudel ◽  
Samantha Xu ◽  
Joniqua N. Ceasar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Geospatial Analysis ◽  
Deprivation Index ◽  
Neighborhood Deprivation

scholarly journals The Development of a Standardized Neighborhood Deprivation Index

2006 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 1041-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynne C. Messer ◽  
Barbara A. Laraia ◽  
Jay S. Kaufman ◽  
Janet Eyster ◽  
Claudia Holzman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deprivation Index ◽  
Neighborhood Deprivation

scholarly journals Voluntary Male Circumcision for HIV Prevention in Rural Non-Circumcising Provinces of Northern, Muchinga and Luapula, 2018–2020. A Cross Sectional Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Chirwa ◽  
George Magwende ◽  
Philip Mwala ◽  
Ebedy Sadoki ◽  
Frank Chirowa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Systems ◽  
Community Outreach ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Health Systems Strengthening ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Outreach Programs ◽  
Demand Creation ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract IntroductionWe describe the VMMC uptake across in Rural Non-circumcising provinces of Luapula, Northern and Muchinga 2018 to 2020. Method This was cross sectional analysis of routine programme data targeting males 10 years older (from October 2018 to April 2020), 15 years (from May 2020) and above VMMC was undertaken using both static and outreach activities. A multi-pronged strategy was adopted that included procurement of VMMC kits to supplement the government’s shortfall, training of VMMC providers (doctors, clinical officers and nurses) dedicated space for circumcision in each facility, logistics support ( fuel and allowances) for outreach programs, mapping of catchment areas for community mobilization and demand creation. All circumcisions performed were recorded in MOH VMMC registers. Data collected was verified by Provincial Health Office. Daily Situation Room (DSR) reports were used to monitor performance. Poor performing districts were followed up and challenges addressed to improve performance. ResultsA total of 2,130 focused outreach activities were carried out between 2018 and 2020 across the three provinces and 486,750 participants were reached. Of the 486,750 participants reached, 151, 428 were circumcised; 56136 (37%) from Northern, 49297 (33%) from Muchinga, and 45995 (30%) from Luapula. There was a three-fold increase in circumcision between 2018 and 2019 (14,746 circumcisions in 2018 vs 54,287 circumcisions in 2019) and a 14% increase from 2019 (38%) to 2020 (52%; 58,287 circumcisions). Most (76%) of the circumcision were done in the age group 15 to 29 years. HIV testing was undertaken among 6,319 participants giving a positivity rate of 2.4% (149). Improved results were associated with logistical support such as transport, VMMC commodity supplies, and increased dedicated VMMC providers. ConclusionHealth systems support including training, logistical support, dedicated space and supply of commodities assisted in increase of VMMC uptake in these rural non-traditional circumcision provinces. even amidst the outbreak of COVID19. Health systems strengthening and community outreach programmes are recommended for building health programs resilience in era of the COVID pandemic.

scholarly journals The Effect of Area Deprivation on COVID-19 Risk in Louisiana

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhav KC ◽  
Evrim Oral ◽  
Susanne Straif-Bourgeois ◽  
Ariane L Rung ◽  
Edward S Peters
Keyword(s):  
Census Tract ◽  
The United States ◽  
Neighborhood Environment ◽  
Deprivation Index ◽  
Area Deprivation ◽  
Neighborhood Deprivation ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
High Deprivation ◽  
Case Count ◽  
Deprived Neighborhoods

Purpose: Louisiana currently has the highest per capita case count for COVID-19 in the United States and disproportionately affects the Black or African American population. Neighborhood deprivation has been observed to be associated with poorer health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between neighborhood deprivation and COVID-19 in Louisiana. Methods: The Area Deprivation Index (ADI) was calculated and used to classify neighborhood deprivation at the census tract level. A total of 17 US census variables were used to calculate the ADI for each of the 1148 census tracts in Louisiana. The data were extracted from the American Community Survey (ACS) 2018. The neighborhoods were categorized into quintiles as well as low and high deprivation. The publicly available COVID-19 cumulative case counts by census tract was obtained from the Louisiana Department of Health website on July 31, 2020. Descriptive and Poisson regression analyses were performed. Results: Neighborhoods in Louisiana were substantially different with respect to deprivation. The ADI ranged from 136.00 for the most deprived neighborhood and -33.87 in the least deprived neighborhood. We observed that individuals residing in the most deprived neighborhoods had a 45% higher risk of COVID-19 disease compared to those residing in the least deprived neighborhoods. Conclusion: While the majority of previous studies were focused on very limited socio-environmental factors such as crowding and income, this study used a composite area-based deprivation index to examine the role of neighborhood environment on COVID-19. We observed a positive relationship between neighborhood deprivation and COVID-19 risk in Louisiana. The study findings can be utilized to promote public health preventions measures besides social distancing, wearing a mask while in public and frequent handwashing in vulnerable neighborhoods with greater deprivation.

scholarly journals Excess 30-Day Heart Failure Readmissions and Mortality in Black Patients Increases With Neighborhood Deprivation

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivani A. Patel ◽  
Maya Krasnow ◽  
Kaitlyn Long ◽  
Theresa Shirey ◽  
Neal Dickert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Social Deprivation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Neighborhood Environment ◽  
Deprivation Index ◽  
Neighborhood Deprivation ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Black Patients ◽  
White Patients

Background: Longstanding racial disparities in heart failure (HF) outcomes exist in the United States, in part, due to social determinants of health. We examined whether neighborhood environment modifies the disparity in 30-day HF readmissions and mortality between Black and White patients in the Southeastern United States. Methods: We created a geocoded retrospective cohort of patients hospitalized for acute HF within Emory Healthcare from 2010 to 2018. Quartiles of the Social Deprivation Index characterized neighborhood deprivation at the census tract level. We estimated the relative risk of 30-day readmission and 30-day mortality following an index hospitalization for acute HF. Excess readmissions and mortality were estimated as the absolute risk difference between Black and White patients within each Social Deprivation Index quartile, adjusted for geographic clustering, demographic, clinical, and hospital characteristics. Results: The cohort included 30 630 patients, mean age 66 years, 48% female, 53% Black. Compared with White patients, Black patients were more likely to reside in deprived census tracts and have higher comorbidity scores. From 2010 to 2018, 29.4% of Black and 23.0% of White patients experienced either a 30-day HF readmission or 30-day death ( P <0.001). Excess in composite 30-day HF readmissions and mortality for Black patients ranged from 3.9% (95% CI, 1.5%–6.3%; P =0.0002) to 6.8% (95% CI, 4.1%–9.5%; P <0.0001) across Social Deprivation Index quartiles. Accounting for traditional risk factors did not eliminate the Black excess in combined 30-day HF readmissions or mortality in any of the neighborhood quartiles. Conclusions: Excess 30-day HF readmissions and mortality are present among Black patients in every neighborhood strata and increase with progressive neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation.

scholarly journals Associations between Neighborhood Deprivation Index, Parent Perceptions and Preschooler Lifestyle Behaviors

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 959
Author(s):  
Carolina Bassul ◽  
Clare A. Corish ◽  
John M. Kearney
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Parental Perceptions ◽  
Neighborhood Environment ◽  
Deprivation Index ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neighborhood Deprivation

Parental perceptions and use of neighborhood facilities are important factors that are related to children’s dietary intake and physical activity. The aim of this study was to examine the association between neighborhood deprivation index, parents’ perceptions of their neighborhood environment, and healthy/unhealthy markers of child dietary intake, physical activity, and TV screen time. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Dublin, Ireland. The lifestyle behaviors among children and parental perceptions of their neighborhood environment were reported by the parents of 276 children aged 3–5 years by using parent-completed questionnaires. Deprivation index was assessed using the geographic information system (GIS). Data were analyzed using binary logistic regression, adjusting for socio-demographic confounders. In adjusted models, high deprivation index was associated with parental perception of the neighborhood as unsafe for walking and cycling due to crime (OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.04–2.43, p = 0.031) and children’s low engagement in structured physical activity (OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.17–0.72, p = 0.004). Parental perceptions of an unsafe neighborhood due to heavy traffic were negatively correlated with children’s active play (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.55–0.95, p = 0.022). Children whose parents reported high satisfaction with the number of local sit-in and takeaway restaurants were 41% more likely to consume confectionary/sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) weekly. In this age group, parents play an important role in children’s lifestyle behaviors; therefore, a better understanding of parents’ perceptions and their use of neighborhood facilities could contribute to creating a healthy environment for this age group.

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