Impact of Resin Composite Viscosity and Fill-technique on Internal Gap in Class I Restorations: An OCT Evaluation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
KR Kantovitz ◽  
LL Cabral ◽  
NR Carlos ◽  
AZ de Freitas ◽  
DC Peruzzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Class I ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Internal Adaptation ◽  
Internal Gap

SUMMARY The aim of this in vitro study was to quantitatively evaluate the internal gap of resin composites of high-and low-viscosity used in single- and incremental-fill techniques in Class I cavities exposed to thermal cycling (TC) using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Cavities of 4-mm depth and 3-mm diameter were prepared in 36 third molars randomly distributed into four groups, according to viscosity of restorative resin-based composite (high or low viscosity, all from 3M Oral Care) and technique application (bulk or incremental fill) used (n=9): RC, high-viscosity, incremental-fill, resin-based composite (Filtek Z350 XT Universal Restorative); BF, high-viscosity, bulk-fill, resin-based composite (Filtek One Bulk Fill); LRC, low-viscosity, incremental-fill, resin-based composite (Filtek Z350 XT Flowable Universal Restorative); and LBF, low-viscosity, bulk-fill, resin-based composite (Filtek Flowable Restorative). Single Bond Universal Adhesive system (3M Oral Care) was used in all the experimental groups. The incremental-fill technique was used for RC and LRC groups (2-mm increments), and a single-layer technique was used for BF and LBF groups, as recommended by the manufacturer. The internal adaptation of the resin at all dentin walls was evaluated before and after TC (5000 cycles between 5°C and 55°C) using OCT images. Five images of each restored tooth were obtained. Images were analyzed using ImageJ software that measured the entire length of the gaps at the dentin–restoration interface. The length of gaps (μm) was analyzed using two-way repeated measures ANOVA and the Tukey tests (α=0.05). There was a significant interaction between material types and TC (p=0.006), and a significant difference among all material types (p<0.0001), before and after TC (p<0.0001). Increased internal gaps at the dentin–restoration interface were noticed after TC for all groups. RC presented the lowest value of internal gap before and after TC, while LBF showed the highest values of internal gap after TC. In conclusion, TC negatively affected the integrity of internal gap, whereas high-viscosity, incremental-fill, resin-based composite presented better performance in terms of internal adaptation than low-viscosity, bulk-fill materials in Class I cavities.

Bonding Interaction and Shrinkage Stress of Low-viscosity Bulk Fill Resin Composites With High-viscosity Bulk Fill or Conventional Resin Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 625-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
ER Cerda-Rizo ◽  
M de Paula Rodrigues ◽  
ABF Vilela ◽  
SSL Braga ◽  
LRS Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mode ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Shrinkage Stress ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Bonding Interaction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

SUMMARY Objective: To analyze the shrinkage stress, bonding interaction, and failure modes between different low-viscosity bulk fill resin composites and conventional resin composites produced by the same manufacturer or a high-viscosity bulk fill resin composite used to restore the occlusal layer in posterior teeth. Methods & Materials: Three low-viscosity bulk fill resin composites were associated with the conventional resin composites made by the same manufacturers or with a high-viscosity bulk fill resin composite, resulting in six groups (n=10). The bonding interaction between resin composites was tested by assessing the microshear bond strength (μSBS). The samples were thermocycled and were tested with 1-mm/min crosshead speed, and the failure mode was evaluated. The post-gel shrinkage (Shr) of all the resin composites was measured using a strain gauge (n=10). The modulus of elasticity (E) and the hardness (KHN) were measured using the Knoop hardness test. Two-dimensional finite element models were created for analyzing the stress caused by shrinkage and contact loading. The μSBS, Shr, E, and KHN data were analyzed using the Student t-test and one-way analysis of variance. The failure mode data were subjected to chi-square analysis (α=0.05). The stress distribution was analyzed qualitatively. Results: No significant difference was verified for μSBS between low-viscosity bulk fill resin composites and conventional or high-viscosity bulk fill composites in terms of restoring the occlusal layer (p=0.349). Cohesive failure of the low-viscosity bulk fill resin composites was the most frequent failure mode. The Shr, E, and KHN varied between low-viscosity and high-viscosity resin composites. The use of high-viscosity bulk fill resin composites on the occlusal layer reduced the stress at the enamel interface on the occlusal surface. Conclusions: The use of high-viscosity bulk fill resin composites as an occlusal layer for low-viscosity bulk fill resin composites to restore the posterior teeth can be a viable alternative, as it shows a similar bonding interaction to conventional resin composites as well as lower shrinkage stress at the enamel margin.

scholarly journals Clinical Time Required and Internal Adaptation in Cavities restored with Bulk-fill Composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 1107-1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Ferreira Rego ◽  
Luis Felipe Jochims Schneider ◽  
Marcos Gabriel Vianna-de-Pinho ◽  
Marina Lermenn Vidal ◽  
Roberta Caroline Bruschi Alonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Class I ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Gap Formation ◽  
Gap Technique ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dye Staining ◽  
Internal Adaptation ◽  
Interface Length ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Internal Gap

ABSTRACT Aim The aim of this study was to compare the restorative time required and the internal adaptation after thermomechanical aging of class I restorations using either the conventional incremental technique or bulk-fill technique. Materials and methods Cavities (Class I) were prepared on the occlusal surface of human third molars. 40 teeth were divided into four experimental groups according to the restorative technique (n = 10): G1 = 3 mm increment of Surefill SDR Flow + 1 mm Filtek P60; G2 = 3 mm increment of Filtek Bulk-Fill + 1 mm Filtek P60; G3 = Filtek P60 inserted with incremental technique; G4 = 3 mm increment of Filtek Z350 Flow XT + 1 mm increment of Filtek P60. The required restorative clinical time for each technique was marked. Specimens were submitted to thermomechanical loading (20,000 mechanical cycles—80 N/thermal cycling—5/55°C for 30 seconds). After, samples were sectioned, ratio of internal gaps to interface length (%) was recorded using dye-staining-gap technique. Data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test (95% significance). Results There was no significant difference in gap formation and none of the groups was completely gap-free. However, a significant reduction on required restorative clinical time was observed for G1 (167 ± 7 seconds), G2 (169 ± 4 seconds), and G4 (169 ± 8 seconds) when compared with G3 (204 ± 8 seconds). Conclusion No significant difference in gap formation was found among bulk-fill and conventional incremental restorative technique tested; however, the use of a bulk-fill composite reduced 20% of the required restorative clinical time. Clinical significance None of the restorative techniques applied were able to prevent internal gap formation. The use of bulk-fill composite reduced the required clinical time to perform class I restorations. How to cite this article Vianna-de-Pinho MG, Rego GF, Vidal ML, Alonso RCB, Schneider LFJ, Cavalcante LM. Clinical Time Required and Internal Adaptation in Cavities restored with Bulkfill Composites. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(12):1107-1111.

Postural control and risk of falling in people who are blind: The effect and durability of perturbation and vestibular exercises

2022 ◽  
pp. 026461962110673
Author(s):  
Yousof Moghadas Tabrizi ◽  
Mohammad Hani Mansori ◽  
Mohammad Karimizadeh Ardakani
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Somatosensory System ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Risk Of Falling ◽  
Balance System ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Falling Risk

The aim of this study was to compare the effect and durability of perturbation and vestibular exercises on balance and the risk of falling in people with visual impairment (VI). Thirty-six men with VI were divided into three groups, including a control and two experimental (perturbation and vestibular) groups. The experimental groups performed perturbation and vestibular exercises for 4 weeks and three sessions per week. Biodex balance system was used to assess balance and falling risk before and after training interventions. To evaluate the effects within and between groups at three levels of measurement: pre-test, post-test, and durability effect between three groups, repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and one-way ANOVA were used. Repeated measures ANOVA test showed that both experimental groups showed significant improvements in static balance, dynamic balance, and falling risk. In comparison between the groups, the results showed that in the post-test and durability stages, there was a significant difference between the groups and the perturbation exercise group had a greater effect on the dependent variables. Due to the effectiveness of exercises, it is recommended that people with VI pay attention to balance-based perturbation exercises to strengthen the somatosensory system and vestibular exercises to strengthen the vestibular system.

scholarly journals Hearing Thresholds Changes after MRI 1.5T of Head and Neck

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Bahaloo ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Davari ◽  
Mohammad Sobhan ◽  
Seyyed Jalil Mirmohammadi ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Jalalian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Significant Shift ◽  
Auditory Thresholds ◽  
Hearing Thresholds ◽  
High Frequency Audiometry ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

Introduction. Exposure to high intensity noise produced by MRI is a cause for concern. This study was conducted to determine the temporary and permanent effects of exposure to noise created by performing MRI on the hearing threshold of the subjects using conventional and extended high frequency audiometry. Methods. This semiexperimental study was performed on 35 patients referred to Shahid Rahnemoun Hospital for head and neck MRI due to different clinical conditions. The hearing threshold of patients was measured before, immediately after, and 24 hours after performing 1.5 Tesla MRI using conventional and extended high frequency audiometry. SPSS version 18 was used to compare the mean hearing thresholds before and after MRI using paired T test and repeated measures analysis. Results. Comparison of auditory thresholds in conventional and extended high frequencies before and immediately after MRI showed a significant shift at 4 KHz (P = 0.008 and P = 0.08 for right and left ears), 6 KHz (P = 0.03 and P = 0.01 for right and left ears), and 14 KHz (P =0.03 and P = 0.31 for right and left ears). However, there was no significant difference between audiometric thresholds before and 24 hours after MRI. Conclusion. Noise due to 1.5 Tesla MRI can only cause transient threshold shift.

Treatment of Objective and Subjective Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (07) ◽  
pp. 600-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra C. Huebner ◽  
Susan R. Lytle ◽  
Steven M. Doettl ◽  
Patrick N. Plyler ◽  
James T. Thelin
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo ◽  
Head Position ◽  
Subjective Report ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Positional Vertigo ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

Background: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most common cause of vertigo in adults and is a result of otolithic particles or debris that become free floating within a semicircular canal or adhere to the cupula. Characteristics of BPPV include brief episodes of latent onset vertigo that occur with changes in head position, transient rotary nystagmus beating toward the dependent ear, and reversed nystagmus upon sitting up. Both the vertigo and nystagmus fatigue quickly while maintaining the same head position. The BPPV may be classified as objective or subjective. Objective BPPV presents all the aforementioned symptoms whereas subjective BPPV presents all the symptoms without nystagmus. The accepted method of treatment for objective BPPV is canalith repositioning maneuvers (CRM); however, CRM are not traditionally used as the method of treatment for cases of subjective BPPV. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to determine if the subjective report of dizziness using the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) was different in patients with objective and subjective BPPV and to determine if the two groups showed similar improvements in perceived dizziness handicap following CRM treatment. Research Design: The present study utilized a retrospective, repeated measures design. Study Sample: Sixty-three adults with BPPV that were given the DHI both before and after CRM treatment. Data Collection and Analysis: Pre and post DHI results were analyzed for participants with objective versus subjective BPPV. A five-question DHI subscale was also analyzed between the groups. Results: A significant difference was noted between initial and posttreatment DHI scores for patients in both the subjective and objective groups when using the full-scale and subscale DHI. No significant difference was noted between groups for their initial or posttreatment DHI scores. The two groups also did not differ significantly in their initial or posttreatment DHI subscale scores. Conclusions: The results of the study indicated that individuals with both objective and subjective BPPV demonstrated significant improvement in DHI scores following CRM treatment. Additionally, there was no difference in DHI improvement for the subjective versus objective group suggesting CRM are effective for both subjective BPPV and objective BPPV. This improvement in DHI scores was also noted in the five-question DHI subscale with no significant difference noted between groups. These findings combined with previous studies suggest the presence or absence of nystagmus during Dix-Hallpike maneuvers is not related to the effectiveness of treatment using CRM.

scholarly journals Marginal Adaptation of Implant Prostheses Fabricated by Different Materials in Excessive Crown Height Space Before and After Veneering

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safoura Ghodsi ◽  
Marzieh Alikhasi ◽  
Majid Sahebi ◽  
Vahideh Nazari
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Marginal Adaptation ◽  
Crown Height ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Basic Model ◽  
Nickel Chromium ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Marginal Discrepancy ◽  
To Receive

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the marginal adaptation of implant-supported three-unit fixed restorations fabricated in excessive crown height by various frameworks namely zirconia, nickel-chromium (Ni-Cr) alloy, and Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) before and after veneering. Materials and Methods: A basic model with two implant fixtures was made to receive posterior three-unit fixed partial dentures (second premolar to second molar) in 15 mm crown height. A total of 30 frameworks were fabricated using Ni-Cr, zirconia, and PEEK (n=10). All specimens were veneered and vertical marginal discrepancy was evaluated before and after veneering using a stereomicroscope (×75). The effect of framework material and veneering on marginal discrepancy was evaluated by repeated-measures and one-way ANOVA, and paired t test (α=0.05). Results: There was a significant difference between the groups (P<0.001) before and after veneering. The vertical marginal discrepancy of zirconia frameworks was significantly lower than that of other groups both before and after veneering (P<0.001). Statistical analysis revealed that the veneering process had a significant effect on marginal adaptation (P<0.001). Conclusion: In implant prostheses with excessive crown height, zirconia had the greatest marginal adaptaion significantly, followed by Ni-Cr. Veneering caused a significant increase in marginal discrepancy of all the materials.

scholarly journals Microleakage of high viscosity glass-ionomer and glass-carbomer with and without coating before and after hydrothermal aging

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. Process ◽  
Author(s):  
Asli Patır Münevveroğlu ◽  
Alev Ozsoy ◽  
Beyza Ballı akgol ◽  
Ruhan Bozatlioglu ◽  
Pelin Korkut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Coating ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Hydrothermal Aging ◽  
Dye Penetration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the microleakage patterns of GIC and GGC with and without their protective surface coatings on enamel and dentin margins before and after aging. Material and Methods: Two rectangular cavities (height: 2 mm; width: 3 mm; depth: 1.5 mm) were prepared on each tooth at the cemento-enamel junction were prepared on human permanent molars (N=56) and the teeth were randomly assigned to be restored with one of the following: a) high viscosity glass-ionomer cement (GIC) (EQUIA Fil, C Corp., Tokyo, Japan) (n=28), b) glass-carbomer cement (GCC) (Glass Carbomer Products, Leiden, The Netherlands) (n=28). Half of the teeth were further divided into two groups where one group received protective surface coating (SC) (G-Coat Plus, GC Corp) (n=14) and the other group did not (n=14). Half of the teeth were stored for 24 hours (n=7), and the other half was thermocycled (5000 cycles, 5-55°C) (n=7). For microleakage analysis, the teeth were immersed in 5% methylene blue dye for 24 hours, sectioned into two equal halves. Microleakage patterns were evaluated using stereomicroscope and scored on a scale of 0-3 (0: No dye penetration, 1: Dye penetration less than half of the axial wall, 2: Dye penetration more than half the axial wall, 3: Dye penetration spreading along the axial wall). Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis tests at the significance level of 0.05. Results: Compared to 24 h storage, after thermocycling, surface coating on GIC decreased microleakage significantly compared to GCC (p=0.046) but not for GCC. In the thermocycled groups, coated GIC showed significantly less leakage at the enamel margin but no significant difference was found with both GIC and GCC in the dentin margins. Conclusion: The application of surface coating significantly reduced the microleakage scores of GIC but not GCC, within the enamel margins only.KeywordsGlass-carbomer; Glass-ionomer; Microleakage.

scholarly journals Low- and high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composites: a comparison of microhardness, microtensile bond strength, and fracture strength in restored molars

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-182
Author(s):  
Fabiana França ◽  
Jonathan Tenuti ◽  
Isabela Broglio ◽  
Lara Paiva ◽  
Roberta Basting ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Fracture Strength ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Fracture Pattern ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Microtensile Bond Strength ◽  
Thermomechanical Cycling ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Knoop Microhardness

The aim of this study was to compare low- and high-viscosity bulk-fill composites for Knoop microhardness (KHN), microtensile bond strength (MTBS) to dentin in occlusal cavities, and fracture strength (FS) in molars with mesialocclusal-distal restoration. Disk-shaped samples with different thicknesses (2 or 4 mm) of low-viscosity (SDR Flow, Dentsply) and high-viscosity bulk-fill composites (Filtek BulkFill, 3M ESPE; and Tetric-N Ceram Bulk Fill, Ivoclar Vivadent) were prepared for top and bottom KHN analysis (n=10). MTBS to dentin and fracture pattern was evaluated in human molars with occlusal cavities restored with (n=10): conventional nanocomposite (Z350XT, 3M ESPE), low-viscosity (Filtek Bulk-fill Flow, 3M ESPE) or high-viscosity bulk-fill composites (Filtek BulkFill). The FS and fracture pattern of human molar with mesial-occlusal-distal restorations submitted or not to thermomechanical cycling were investigated (n=10) using: intact tooth (control), and restoration based on conventional microhybrid composite (Z250, 3M ESPE), low-viscosity (SDR Flow) or high-viscosity bulk-fill composites (Filtek BulkFill). The data were submitted to split-plot ANOVA (KHN), one-way ANOVA (MTBS), two-way ANOVA (FS) followed by Tukey’s test (α=0.05). For KHN, there was no significant difference for the resin composites between the top and bottom. For MTBS, no significant differences among the materials were detected; however, the low-viscosity composite presented lower frequency of adhesive failures. For FS, there was no significant difference between composites and intact tooth regardless of thermomechanical cycling. Low- and high-viscosity bulk-fill composites have comparable microhardness and microtensile bond strength when used in occlusal restorations. Likewise, the bulk-fill composites present similar fracture strength in molars with mesio-occlusal-distal restorations.

A One-Year Clinical Evaluation of a High-Viscosity Glass Ionomer Cement in Primary Molars

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yucel Yilmaz ◽  
Özge Eyuboglu ◽  
Mutlu Elcin Kocogullari ◽  
Nihal Belduz
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Class I ◽  
Primary Molars ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
One Year ◽  
Ionomer Cement

Abstract In this study one-year clinical results of high-viscosity glass ionomer cement (GIC) (Fuji IX, A3, GC, Japan) were determined in class I and class II restorations in 68 primary molars with occlusal or approximal caries. Following caries removal and cavity preparation, the teeth were restored with Fuji IX. The restorations were evaluated according to the U.S. Public Health Service's (USPHS) criteria at the end of one year. Statistical analyses of the data obtained were analyzed using the X2 test. The evaluations showed no statistically significant difference between class I and class II restorations in terms of the color mismatch, anatomic form, marginal adaptation, and secondary caries (P>0.05), but they were statistically significant with regard to cavosurface marginal discoloration (P<0.05). At the end of one year, the success rate of the class I and class II restorations of the primary molars restored with Fuji IX was 94%. Citation Yilmaz Y, Eyuboglu Ö, Kocogullari ME, Belduz M. A One-Year Clinical Evaluation of a High-Viscosity Glass Ionomer Cement in Primary Molars. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006 February;(7)1:071-078.

scholarly journals Adhesion of Indirect MOD Resin Composite Inlays Luted With Self-adhesive and Self-etching Resin Cements

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 474-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Inukai ◽  
T Abe ◽  
Y Ito ◽  
P Pilecki ◽  
RF Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Resin Cements ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Indirect Composite ◽  
Bond Strengths ◽  
Composite Inlays

SUMMARY This study investigated the effect of loading on the bond strength to dentin and microleakage of MOD indirect composite restorations bonded with self-adhesive and self-etching resin cements with or without acid etching of the proximal enamel margins. Class II MOD cavities were prepared in 48 molar teeth into dentin and divided into three groups of 16 teeth. Impressions were taken and indirect composite inlays fabricated (Estenia C & B). The enamel margins of the proximal boxes of half the specimens were phosphoric acid etched, and the inlays were cemented with one of three cements (Panavia F 2.0, SA Cement, or Rely X Unicem). After luting, eight teeth in each cement group were mechanically loaded at 2.5 cycles/s for 250,000 cycles. Unloaded teeth acted as controls. Teeth were stored in Rhodamine B solution for 24 hours, sectioned buccolingually at the proximal boxes to examine microleakage using confocal microscopy, and further sectioned for μTBS testing of the resin-dentin interface. Analysis of variance was performed to assess the effect of loading and acid etching on microleakage and bond strength. Acid etching had no effect on microleakage. No significant difference in the dentin bond strengths between the three cements existed after loading. Panavia F 2.0 exhibited a significant reduction in bond strength. With regard to microleakage at the proximal boxes, loading had no effect on dye penetration at the cavity floor. However, at the axial walls, loading had a significant deleterious effect on Panavia F 2.0. No difference in microleakage existed between the three cements at both sites before and after loading. In conclusion, the two tested self-adhesive cements exhibited similar bond strengths before and after loading to the self-etching resin cement. Loading reduced dentin bond strengths and increased microleakage at the resin-dentin interface. However, acid etching of the enamel margins had no significant effect on microleakage in the approximal regions of the bonded inlays.

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