Surface Shape Optimization of Tire Pattern by Optimality Criteria

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Nakajima ◽  
F. Takahashi ◽  
A. Abe
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Flat Surface ◽  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
Optimality Criteria ◽  
Surface Shape ◽  
Contact Pressure Distribution ◽  
Vehicle Handling ◽  
Rubber Block

Abstract A new optimization procedure to design the surface shape of tire patterns is proposed in which the optimality criteria is combined with finite element method. The effectiveness of this new procedure to control tread-element contact pressure distribution was verified by building and testing the rubber block samples. The objective function was the pressure uniformity on the block and the constraint was to keep the contact area in the optimization process. The shape of the optimized surface was round at the edges and concave at the center where the pressure was large in the flat surface block. The pressure of the block with the optimized surface became uniform and the friction coefficient increased 10% on dry compared with the flat surface block. Furthermore, this procedure was applied to complicated block shapes such as tire patterns and it was verified that the optimized surface effectively improved vehicle handling, riding comfort and irregular wear.

Increase of Frictional Force of Rubber Block by Uniform Contact Pressure Distribution and its Application to Tire

2002 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 589-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Nakajima ◽  
F. Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Frictional Force ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Surface Shape ◽  
Contact Pressure Distribution ◽  
Ice Surface ◽  
Asphalt Road ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Rubber Block

Abstract The theorem on the relationship between pressure distribution and the frictional force was derived: “The frictional force is maximized when the pressure distribution is uniform, if μ(P)P is convex with respect to P where μ(P) and P are friction coefficient and pressure.” In order to verify this theorem, the surface shape of the rubber block with the uniform pressure distribution was designed by the optimization technique. The surface shape of the optimized block was dependent on the friction coefficient of contact surface. The optimized block for dry surface increased the frictional force two to ten percent on dry steel and the optimized block for ice surface increased eight percent on ice. The technology of optimized block for dry surface was applied to a tire and verified to be effective for traction on dry asphalt road, maneuverability, comfort and wear.

Analysis of the Contact Deformation of Tread Blocks

1992 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 230-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Akasaka ◽  
K. Kabe ◽  
M. Koishi ◽  
M. Kuwashima
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
Contact Deformation ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
The Road ◽  
Loss Of Contact ◽  
Tread Rubber ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Rubber Block

Abstract The deformation behavior of a tire in contact with the roadway is complicated, in particular, under the traction and braking conditions. A tread rubber block in contact with the road undergoes compression and shearing forces. These forces may cause the loss of contact at the edges of the block. Theoretical analysis based on the energy method is presented on the contact deformation of a tread rubber block subjected to compressive and shearing forces. Experimental work and numerical calculation by means of the finite element method are conducted to verify the predicted results. Good agreement is obtained among these analytical, numerical, and experimental results.

Topology Optimization Using Node-Based Smoothed Finite Element Method

2015 ◽  
Vol 07 (06) ◽  
pp. 1550085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. C. He ◽  
G. Y. Zhang ◽  
L. Deng ◽  
Eric Li ◽  
G. R. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Topology Optimization ◽  
Optimization Design ◽  
Solid Mechanics ◽  
Optimality Criteria ◽  
Topology Optimization Problem ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Smoothed Finite Element Method ◽  
Element Method

The node-based smoothed finite element method (NS-FEM) proposed recently has shown very good properties in solid mechanics, such as providing much better gradient solutions. In this paper, the topology optimization design of the continuum structures under static load is formulated on the basis of NS-FEM. As the node-based smoothing domain is the sub-unit of assembling stiffness matrix in the NS-FEM, the relative density of node-based smoothing domains serves as design variables. In this formulation, the compliance minimization is considered as an objective function, and the topology optimization model is developed using the solid isotropic material with penalization (SIMP) interpolation scheme. The topology optimization problem is then solved by the optimality criteria (OC) method. Finally, the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed method are illustrated with both 2D and 3D examples that are widely used in the topology optimization design.

Shape Opimization of Femoral Components of an Artificial Hip Prosthesis Using the Three-Dimensional P-Version Finite Element Method

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaru Higa ◽  
Ikuya Nishimura ◽  
Hiromasa Tanino ◽  
Yoshinori Mitamura
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Hip Prosthesis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
Peak Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Dimensional Shape ◽  
Element Method

Abstract The three-dimensional shape optimization of cemented total hip arthroplasty (THA) was introduced in this paper. The P-version Finite Element Method (FEM) combined with an optimization procedure was used to minimize the peak stress in the bone cement near the tip of the implant. Six-design variables were used in this study. Each variable represents the dimension of the medial-lateral width and anterior-posterior width of the three levels (proximal, distal and middle) of cross sectional area of the prosthesis. The results of the design optimization showed considerable reduction in stress concentration compared to the initial design that is currently used clinically.

scholarly journals Influence of specific weight and wall friction coefficient on normal pressures in silos using the Finite Element Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 192-203
Author(s):  
Rômulo Marçal Gandia ◽  
Francisco Carlos Gomes ◽  
Wisner Coimbra de Paula ◽  
Pedro José Rodriguez Aguado
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Static Condition ◽  
Normal Pressure ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Wall Friction ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Element Method

The objective of this work was to develop models using the Finite Element Method (FEM) to assess the maximum normal pressures in the static condition in silos using different wall friction coefficient and specific weight of the stored product compared to the pressures obtained by the Eurocode 1, part 4. The geometries of the silos models were developed based on the dimensions of the experimental station at the Universidad de Leon (Spain). The material properties were obtained by Jenike shear cell tests and were used to generate the models by the MEF. 3D models were generated varying the friction coefficient (0.2, 0.4, and 0.6) and the specific weight (6; 7.5 and 9 kN / m3). It was verified that the models by FEM follow the theory of pressures in silos: normal pressures increase due to the increase in specific weight and decrease due to the increase in the friction coefficient. Moreover, the maximum normal pressure occurs at the hopper silo transition. The experimental pressures (FEM models) compared with Eurocode 1, part 4 allowed to validate the models developed, presenting trends of similar values to those found by the MEF. The experimental models demonstrated that the influence of the wall friction coefficient and specific weight significantly interferes with the pressures in slender silos.

scholarly journals Optimization Procedure of Roller Elements Geometry with Regard to Durability of Spherical Roller Bearings

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
Jan Steininger ◽  
Stefan Medvecky ◽  
Robert Kohar ◽  
Tomas Capak
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Roller Bearing ◽  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
Parametric Models ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Roller Bearings ◽  
Contact Points ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Element Method

The article deals with an optimization procedure of roller elements geometry with regard to durability of spherical roller bearings. The aim of the article is to examine the impact of change of the roller elements inner geometry on durability and reliability of spherical roller bearings; the contact strain along a spherical roller by means of the Finite Element Method at contact points of components of a spherical roller bearing by means of designed 3D parametric models. The most appropriate shape of roller elements inner geometry of a bearing from the standpoint of calculated durability was determined based on results of the contact analyses.

An educational tool based on finite element method for electromagnetic study

2020 ◽  
pp. 002072092094057
Author(s):  
Nisha Prasad ◽  
Shailendra Jain ◽  
Sushma Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
Educational Tool ◽  
Non Linear Circuit ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Technical Students ◽  
Element Method

Electromagnetism forms a mandatory topic in the syllabus of undergraduate and graduate courses in electrical engineering. This topic involves many physical and mathematical concepts like curl, divergence, gradient for field determination and representation. These concepts are not only difficult to understand but also often lead to poor learning because of the imaginations and non-visualization of electric and magnetic fields. A correct understanding of fields and its distribution is necessary to understand the working, design and optimization of electrical machines. This paper presents a finite element method (FEM) based educational tool that allows the technical students to visualize electromagnetic (EM) fields inside the EM systems. This tool therefore provides a better understanding of the design and optimization of various electrical devices. This paper shows an example of a 2-pole linear machine to visualize the distribution of the magnetic field in a non-linear circuit. This machine extends to form a linear switched reluctance motor (LSRM) using step-by-step design and optimization procedure along with the user guide interface programmed in FEM based ANSYS Maxwell software. This motor is used as an example to visualize magnetic fields using FEM software in complex circuits and can be used as a good educational tool for students. The paper incorporates the validation of the design procedure through FEM simulations.

Deformation analysis of optical flat surface with finite element method

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengqiang Fu ◽  
Boyuan Ren ◽  
Yiwen Wang ◽  
Dewei Zhang ◽  
Longjiang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Flat Surface ◽  
Deformation Analysis ◽  
Element Method

Finite Element Method in the Research on the Application of Contact Deformation

2012 ◽  
Vol 182-183 ◽  
pp. 1585-1589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Jia Su ◽  
Jing Hu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Stress State ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Contact Deformation ◽  
Matrix Surface ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
State Changes ◽  
Element Method

Wear is the matrix surface and plastic deformation as the basic factors of the phenomenon, this paper analyzed with abaqus finite element method friction deformation which stress. The results show that the stress state changes drastically with different friction coefficient and the distribution of plastic deformation regions also changes. The regions seriously damaged by friction lead to fatigue via plastic deformation, which is the main reason for material friction and then dislocation friction occurs.

Finite element analysis of magnetohydrodynamic flow over flat surface moving in parallel free stream with viscous dissipation and Joule heating

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 1675-1693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santosh Chaudhary ◽  
Mohan Kumar Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Differential Equations ◽  
Viscous Dissipation ◽  
Joule Heating ◽  
Flat Surface ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Flow And Heat Transfer

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate two-dimensional viscous incompressible magnetohydrodynamic boundary layer flow and heat transfer of an electrically conducting fluid over a continuous moving flat surface considering the viscous dissipation and Joule heating.Design/methodology/approachSuitable similarity variables are introduced to reduce the governing nonlinear boundary layer partial differential equations to ordinary differential equations. A numerical solution of the resulting two-point boundary value problem is carried out by using the finite element method with the help of Gauss elimination technique.FindingsA comparison of obtained results is made with the previous work under the limiting cases. Behavior of flow and thermal fields against various governing parameters like mass transfer parameter, moving flat surface parameter, magnetic parameter, Prandtl number and Eckert number are analyzed and demonstrated graphically. Moreover, shear stress and heat flux at the moving surface for various values of the physical parameters are presented numerically in tabular form and discussed in detail.Originality/valueThe work is relatively original, as very little work has been reported on magnetohydrodynamic flow and heat transfer over a continuous moving flat surface. Viscous dissipation and Joule heating are neglected in most of the previous studies. The numerical method applied to solve governing equations is finite element method which is new and efficient.

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