Melt pool temperature and its effect on clad formation in pulsed Nd:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser cladding of Stellite 6

Laser aided Directed Material Deposition (DMD) is an additive manufacturing process based on laser cladding. A full understanding of laser cladding is essential in order to achieve a steady state and robust DMD process. A two dimensional mathematical model of laser cladding with droplet injection was developed to understand the influence of fluid flow on the mixing, dilution depth, and deposition dimension, while incorporating melting, solidification, and evaporation phenomena. The fluid flow in the melt pool that is driven by thermal capillary convection and an energy balance at the liquid–vapor and the solid–liquid interface was investigated and the impact of the droplets on the melt pool shape and ripple was also studied. Dynamic motion, development of melt pool and the formation of cladding layer were simulated. The simulated results for average surface roughness were compared with the experimental data and showed a comparable trend.

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A Hybrid Deep Learning Model for Layer-Wise Melt Pool Temperature Forecasting in Wire-Arc Additive Manufacturing Process

IEEE Access ◽

10.1109/access.2021.3097177 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 100652-100664

Author(s):

Pavan Kumar Nalajam ◽

Ramesh Varadarajan

Keyword(s):

Deep Learning ◽

Additive Manufacturing ◽

Manufacturing Process ◽

Learning Model ◽

Melt Pool ◽

Temperature Forecasting ◽

Melt Pool Temperature ◽

Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing ◽

Deep Learning Model

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Study of the Influence of Shielding Gases on Laser Metal Deposition of Inconel 718 Superalloy

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma11081388 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 1388 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Jose Ruiz ◽

Magdalena Cortina ◽

Jon Arrizubieta ◽

Aitzol Lamikiz

Keyword(s):

Metal Deposition ◽

Slight Reduction ◽

Laser Metal Deposition ◽

Melt Pool ◽

Industrial Sectors ◽

Inconel 718 Superalloy ◽

Melt Pool Temperature ◽

Different Gases ◽

Die And Mold

The use of the Laser Metal Deposition (LMD) technology as a manufacturing and repairing technique in industrial sectors like the die and mold and aerospace is increasing within the last decades. Research carried out in the field of LMD process situates argon as the most usual inert gas, followed by nitrogen. Some leading companies have started to use helium and argon as carrier and shielding gas, respectively. There is therefore a pressing need to know how the use of different gases may affect the LMD process due there being a lack of knowledge with regard to gas mixtures. The aim of the present work is to evaluate the influence of a mixture of argon and helium on the LMD process by analyzing single tracks of deposited material. For this purpose, special attention is paid to the melt pool temperature, as well as to the characterization of the deposited clads. The increment of helium concentration in the gases of the LMD processes based on argon will have three effects. The first one is a slight reduction of the height of the clads. Second, an increase of the temperature of the melt pool. Last, smaller wet angles are obtained for higher helium concentrations.

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Influence of Material Property Variation on Computationally Calculated Melt Pool Temperature during Laser Melting Process

Metals ◽

10.3390/met9040456 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 456 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sazzad H. Ahmed ◽

Ahsan Mian

Keyword(s):

Thermal Conductivity ◽

Specific Heat ◽

Process Parameters ◽

Laser Power ◽

Laser Scanning ◽

Peak Temperature ◽

Powder Layer ◽

Laser Melting ◽

Melt Pool ◽

Melt Pool Temperature

Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is a popular additive manufacturing (AM) method where a laser beam selectively melts powder layer by layer based on the building geometry. The melt pool peak temperature during build process is an important parameter to determine build quality of a fabricated component by SLM process. The melt pool temperature depends on process parameters including laser power, scanning speed, and hatch space as well as the properties of the build material. In this paper, the sensitivity of melt pool peak temperature during the build process to temperature dependent material properties including density, specific heat, and thermal conductivity are investigated for a range of laser powers and laser scanning speeds. It is observed that the melt pool temperature is most sensitive to melt pool thermal conductivity of the processed material for a set of specific process parameters (e.g., laser power and scan speed). Variations in the other mechanical–physical properties of powder and melt pool such as density and specific heat are found to have minimal effect on melt pool temperature.

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