Vacancy Clustering Behavior in Austenitic Stainless Steels and Nickel-chromium Alloys during Tensile Deformation after Hydrogen Charging

Liquid metal Galinstan (GaInSn) is corrosive in nature against other solid metals as its base component is gallium. This study experimentally investigated the compatibility of GaInSn with eight common metals at temperatures up to 200 °C for 2000 h, including aluminum, copper, brass, ferritic and austenitic stainless steels (E-brite, SS304L, SS316L), and nickel-chromium alloys (Inconel and Hastelloy). This assessment aims to assist in design and material selection of a liquid metal magnetohydrodynamics system that houses Galinstan for power generation by low temperature natural heat sources or industrial waste heat. Design and fabrication of this renewable power system required assurance of material compatibility with common construction and instrumentation materials. The most severe corrosion effects of GaInSn on the metal alloys were observed on aluminum, copper, and brass, which confirms the results of previously conducted studies. No obvious corrosion on stainless steel or nickel–chromium alloys were observed by this study, which reveals that stainless steel has a good resistance to attack by GaInSn up to 200 °C. Six non-metals were also evaluated, including acronitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), acrylic, nitrile rubber (Buna N), nylon, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and Teflon, which were deemed to be compatible with GaInSn up to the temperatures tested.

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Effects of high-pressure hydrogen charging on the structure of austenitic stainless steels

Materials Science and Engineering A ◽

10.1016/s0921-5093(04)00822-6 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 384 (1-2) ◽

pp. 255-261 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

M HOELZEL ◽

S DANILKIN ◽

H EHRENBERG ◽

D TOEBBENS ◽

T UDOVIC ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Pressure ◽

Stainless Steels ◽

Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽

Hydrogen Charging ◽

Pressure Hydrogen

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Vacancy Clustering Behavior in Low Alloy Martensitic Steel during Tensile Deformation with Hydrogen Charging

Tetsu-to-Hagane ◽

10.2355/tetsutohagane.tetsu-2018-031 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 104 (11) ◽

pp. 655-663 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tomohiko Omura ◽

Kota Tomatsu ◽

Yuji Sakiyama ◽

Kazuki Sugita ◽

Masataka Mizuno ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tensile Deformation ◽

Martensitic Steel ◽

Hydrogen Charging ◽

Clustering Behavior

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Hydrogen-Assisted Fracture Mechanisms in Ultrafine-Grained CrNi Austenitic Stainless Steels with Different Initial Microstructures

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.941.370 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 941 ◽

pp. 370-375

Author(s):

Sergey Astafurov ◽

Elena Astafurova ◽

Valentina Moskvina ◽

Galina G. Maier ◽

Eugene Melnikov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steels ◽

Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽

Fracture Mechanisms ◽

Flow Strength ◽

Hydrogen Charging ◽

Ultrafine Grained ◽

Electrolytic Hydrogen ◽

Cold Rolling And Annealing ◽

Abc Pressing ◽

Assisted Fracture

We investigated the effect of electrolytic hydrogen-charging on regularities of plastic flow, strength and fracture mechanisms of AISI 316L and 321 austenitic stainless steels. In the steels, an ultrafine-grained structure of various morphologies was formed using methods of warm abc-pressing and thermomechanical treatment (cold rolling and annealing). Hydrogen-charging of ultrafine-grained steels reduces their yield strength and elongation. The high dislocation density and low-angle boundaries inhibit the effects of hydrogen embrittlement in 316L and 321 steels.

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Hydrogen Embrittlement of Ultrafine-Grained Austenitic Stainless Steels

REVIEWS ON ADVANCED MATERIALS SCIENCE ◽

10.1515/rams-2018-0018 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 54 (1) ◽

pp. 25-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

E. G. Astafurova ◽

S. V. Astafurov ◽

G. G. Maier ◽

V. A. Moskvina ◽

E. V. Melnikov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Martensitic Transformation ◽

Hydrogen Embrittlement ◽

Stainless Steels ◽

Subgrain Size ◽

Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽

Mechanical Twinning ◽

Coarse Grained ◽

Flow Strength ◽

Hydrogen Charging ◽

Ultrafine Grained

Abstract The effect of electrochemical hydrogen-charging on tensile properties, mechanisms of plastic deformation and fracture micromechanisms was studied using two ultrafine-grained (UFG) Cr-Ni austenitic stainless steels. UFG austenitic structures with an average subgrain size of 200 nm for CrNiMo (316L-type) and 520 nm for CrNiTi (321-type) steel were produced using hot-to-warm ABC-pressing. Hydrogen-charging up to 100 hours weakly influences stages of plastic flow, strength properties and elongation of the UFG steels. TEM analysis testifies to hydrogen-assisted partial annihilation and rearrangement of dislocations into dislocation tangles, and to hydrogen-induced variation in ratio of low- and high-angle misorientations in UFG structure of both steels. Hydrogen-alloying promotes mechanical twinning and deformation-induced γ ® e martensitic transformation in the UFG steels under tension. Ultrafine-grained CrNiTi steel with lower stacking fault energy (SFE) is more susceptible to mechanical twinning and deformation-induced γ ® e martensitic transformation in comparison with CrNiMo steel with higher SFE. The micromechanism of the fracture in hydrogen-assisted surface layers of the steels is compositional, grain-size and hydrogen content dependent characteristic. The present results demonstrate that the steels with UFG structure possess higher resistance to hydrogen embrittlement compared to coarse-grained analogues.

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Evaluation Techniques for Austenitic Stainless Steels through Tensile Deformation by Analyzing Ultrasonic Pulse Waves in the Frequency Domain

Japanese Journal of Applied Physics ◽

10.1143/jjap.33.1554 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 33 (Part 1, No. 3A) ◽

pp. 1554-1560 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Katsuhiko Honjoh

Keyword(s):

Frequency Domain ◽

Stainless Steels ◽

Tensile Deformation ◽

Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽

Ultrasonic Pulse ◽

Pulse Waves ◽

Evaluation Techniques

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Plastic Deformation and Damage Behavior of AL6XN Super-Austenitic Stainless Steels

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.79-82.1951 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 79-82 ◽

pp. 1951-1954 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chao Qun Ma ◽

Qi Qiang Duan ◽

Xiao Wu Li

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steels ◽

Tensile Deformation ◽

Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽

Rate Sensitivity ◽

Dislocation Slip ◽

Strain Rates ◽

Uniaxial Deformation ◽

Fracture Surfaces ◽

Deformation And Fracture ◽

Shear Lip

Tensile and compressive deformation and damage behaviors of Al6XN super-austenitic stainless steels were examined at different strain rates. The deformation and fracture surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that the uniaxial deformation (tensile or compressive) behaviors of Al6XN stainless steel shows a low strain rate sensitivity over the range of 10-4s-1 - 10-2s-1. The tensile and compressive yield strengths measured are nearly comparable. The steel shows a good tensile plasticity. Dislocation slip deformation is the main characteristic of uniaxial deformation. All fracture surfaces induced by tensile deformation at different strain rates can be divided into two parts, i.e., fibrous zone and shear lip zone. The fibrous zone consists of dimples with a bimodal size.

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