The Relationship between Wear Phenomena and Wear Particles of Cast Iron

In global competitive atmosphere, foundry industries are needed to perform efficiently with minimum percentage of rejections there by reducing cost of manufacturing. Foundries are using state of art processes with the involvement of experienced and knowledgeable people but the experience and knowledge needs to be transformed for the growth of the industries. Some foundries are working in a trial and error mode and get their work done. Many foundries have very less control on the rejections since they are in critical need of meeting production targets and they ignore the rejections and recover the castings. They need to have an efficient quality control aspiring for defects free castings with minimum production cost. Strategic decision makers need extensive models to guide them for efficient decision making that increases their profitability of the entire chain. The noval idea of this research is to investigate the various defects of cast iron foundry and suggest remedies for the defects in a day to day activity and propose a supply chain model to present the necessity of quality in a medium scale industry of cast iron foundry under different delay conditions, rejection rates and also various other factors. The results of the proposed model have been discussed and confirmed based on the original results of an industry. This research is also inspects the relationship between supply chain processes and quality as a key role in supply chain management.

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Influence of Primary Austenite Dendrite on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Gray Cast Iron

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.750-752.450 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 750-752 ◽

pp. 450-453

Author(s):

Jun Tao Zhang ◽

Feng Zhang Ren

Keyword(s):

Cast Iron ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Gray Cast Iron ◽

Gray Cast ◽

Primary Austenite ◽

Complex Process ◽

Cr Addition ◽

The Relationship ◽

Microstructure And Mechanical Property ◽

Annealing Method

The formation of the microstructure of gray cast iron is a complex process. There remains many unanswered questions about the process. Using annealing method, the first crystallized primary austenite dendrites from the molten iron was displayed. The room temperature microstructures of gray cast iron with and without Cu, Cr addition were studied. The relationship between microstructure and mechanical property was discussed. The results show that the amount of primary austenite dendrites of the multi-alloyed gray cast iron increases significantly and the secondary dendrite arm spacing seems narrow. The microstructure at room temperature is fine and homogeneous. Tensile strength increases significantly, up to 300MPa with adding 0.58%Cu and 0.29%Cr.

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Study on the Influences on Microstructure and Properties of High-Strength Grey Cast Iron in Addition to Alloying Elements Nb

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.800.221 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 800 ◽

pp. 221-224

Author(s):

Jun Tao Zhang ◽

Feng Zhang Ren

Keyword(s):

Cast Iron ◽

Gray Cast Iron ◽

Mechanical Performance ◽

High Strength ◽

Optical Microscope ◽

Gray Cast ◽

Dynamic Strain ◽

Cast Irons ◽

Grey Cast ◽

The Relationship

The increase of the strength of gray cast iron is mainly depended on alloying. However, with the improvement of strength, its processing performance will always decrease. So three different gray cast irons are studied in this experiment, including adding 0.1% Nb elements, adding 0.2% Nb elements and adding 0.3% Nb elements, to investigate the Nbs effect to the mechanical performance of gray cast iron, we adopt Dynamic Strain Amplifier to measure cutting force to evaluate processing performance, use Optical Microscope and Electron Microscopy observe each samples organization, explains the relationship between Nbs content and the mechanical and processing performance of gray cast iron from micro-level. Finally, we draw the conclusion: when the Nb comes to 0.3 percent, the appearance of E-type graphite and Nb carbide durum granular will greatly decrease its processing performance.

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The Relationship between Tensile Strength and Microstructure in Flake Graphite Cast Iron

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-34-487 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 34 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

R. N. Castillo ◽

T. J. Baker

Keyword(s):

Fracture Toughness ◽

Tensile Strength ◽

Cast Iron ◽

Cell Size ◽

Eutectic Cell ◽

Flake Graphite ◽

Cast Irons ◽

Graphite Cast Iron ◽

Flake Graphite Cast Iron ◽

The Relationship

ABSTRACTThe effects of composition and process variables on the tensile strength of flake graphite cast iron are well established. However, when compared with most metallic materials, there is little quantitative understanding of the way in which the microstructure controls the mechanical properties. In this paper a fracture mechanics approach is used to develop a mechanistic interpretation of the relationship between the microstructure and tensile strength. Flake graphite cast irons have been studied in which matrix microstructures of pearlite, ferrite and tempered martensite have been developed by heat treatment. For a given eutectic cell size, a linear relationship exists between the tensile strength and the fracture toughness KIC, for all of the matrix structures studied. The tensile strength is interpreted as a brittle fracture stress which is determined by the fracture toughness of the iron and an inherent defect size which is defined by the eutectic cell size.

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Relationship Between Some Physico-Mechanical Properties and Numerical Indexes of Graphite Shape in Compacted-Vermicular Graphite Cast Irons

Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology ◽

10.1115/1.3225037 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 104 (1) ◽

pp. 60-65

Author(s):

Yuichi Tanaka ◽

Hakaru Saito ◽

Ikuo Tokura ◽

Katsuya Ikawa

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Cast Iron ◽

Mechanical Characteristics ◽

Point Of View ◽

Cast Irons ◽

Graphite Cast Iron ◽

Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽

Definition Of ◽

Thermal Diffusivities ◽

The Relationship

The main purpose of this paper is to present some data on the mechanical and physical properties of compacted-vermicular graphite cast iron and to give a reasonable interpretation to the characteristics by using numerical indexes indicating the shape of graphite flakes in the structure. After describing the preparation of the material and a new method for measuring thermal diffusivity of the iron, the influence of kind and amount of alloy added for treatment and of cooling rate upon the graphite shape is discussed by using the indexes of the structure. The thermal diffusivities and mechanical characteristics such as tensile strength and hardness are shown as functions of the indexes to clarify the relationship between them. Furthermore, the present indexes are compared with those proposed earlier to find which is most suitable for the cast iron treated in this work. Authors propose a definition of compacted-vermicular graphite cast iron, which is reasonable from the physico-mechanical point of view, and also show some typical mechanical properties and measures required to produce such cast iron with desirable features.

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The stages in a process of severe metallic wear

Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series A - Mathematical and Physical Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspa.1956.0133 ◽

1956 ◽

Vol 236 (1205) ◽

pp. 250-264 ◽

Cited By ~ 72

Keyword(s):

Wear Debris ◽

Applied Load ◽

Wear Particles ◽

Size Distributions ◽

Particle Size Distributions ◽

Direct Production ◽

Wear Process ◽

Total Wear ◽

The Relationship ◽

Severe Type

In order to provide information about the basic processes involved in the wear of metals, a detailed study has been made of a severe type of wear. The particular system chosen was the wear of brass against a harder material under conditions in which the debris produced is metallic. Using radioactivity methods, transfer of metal between the rubbing surfaces was determined concurrently with measurements of the total wear. In experiments at various loads, the relationship between the rates of transfer and wear was studied. Particle-size distributions of the wear debris were obtained and compared with size distributions of the transferred fragments. It is concluded that wear occurs via a layer of transferred metal and that there is no direct production of loose wear particles. The wear process has at least two distinct stages; namely, the removal of metal from the wearing surface by transfer, and the formation of wear debris from the transferred layer on the opposing member. The magnitude of the applied load determines primarily the scale of the phenomena rather than the rate at which they occur.

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