scholarly journals Juridical Study in The Application of the Law About Foster- Child Adoption in Indonesia by Foreign Nationals

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Bernadeta Resti Nurhayati ◽  
Ignatius Hartyo Purwanto
Keyword(s):  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Foster Children ◽  
Foster Parents ◽  
Foster Child ◽  
Foreign Nationals ◽  
Legal Guardians ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Child Adoption ◽  
The Law ◽  
Family Based

The adoption or adopting transfer of rights to child from authority of parents, legal guardians, or other people who responsible for nurturing, educating, and raise the child to his foster parents family based on law or sentence. Adoption might be conducted to Indonesian children by parents of Indonesian or even in some special cases, adoption can be conducted by foreign nationals. The adoption of Indonesian children by foreign nationals is restricted. This is due to the protection of foster-children who adopted by foreign nationals, so that they do not experience unwanted things considering that the child will be taken abroad by the foster parents. Incidents such as children who, after being taken by their foster parents, experience violence or become victims of human trafficking are things that must be considered before deciding to allow the adoption of Indonesian children by foreign nationals.

Experiences Following the Deaths of Disabled Foster Children: “We Don't Feel Like ‘Foster’ Parents”

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Fudge Schormans
Keyword(s):  
Family Of Origin ◽  
Foster Children ◽  
Foster Parents ◽  
Early Death ◽  
Severe Disabilities ◽  
Child Welfare System ◽  
Foster Child ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Family Experiences ◽  
Parent Child Relationships

Foster parents in the child welfare system occupy a unique position in our culture. While expected to parent and provide safe, loving, and normative family experiences to a child removed from her/his family of origin, they are, simultaneously, expected to remember that they are not the child's biological parent. Increasingly, foster parents are being asked to care for children with severe disabilities that sometimes precipitate an early death. How do foster parents experience the death of a foster child with disabilities in their care? Semi-structured interviews with bereaved foster parents revealed foster parents' self-identification as “parents” who shared “parent/child” relationships with foster children whom they considered to be part of their families. The foster parents' experience of the death of the foster child with a disability was reported comparable to the death of a birth child, however, their identification as legitimate grievers was often disenfranchised by others.

scholarly journals ADOPSI (Sebuah Tawaran Hukum Islâm menuju Kebaikan Masa Depan Anak Terlantar)

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-216
Author(s):  
Fahruddin Ali Sabri Fahruddin Ali Sabri
Keyword(s):  
Foster Children ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Foster Child ◽  
Biological Child ◽  
Biological Parents ◽  
Child Adoption ◽  
The Government

Abstrak: Konsep pengangkatan anak dalam hukum Islâm tidak mengenal pengangkatan anak dalam arti menjadi anak kandung secara mutlak, sedang yang ada hanya diperbolehkan untuk memelihara dengan tujuan memperlakukan anak dalam segi kecintaan pemberian nafkah, pendidikan atau pelayanan dalam segala kebutuhan yang bukan memperlakukan sebagai anak kandung. Dalam konsep Islâm, pengangkatan seorang anak tidak boleh memutus nasab antara si anak dengan orang tua kandungnya. Pengangkatan anak berdasarkan hukum Islâm adalah pengangkatan anak yang bersumber pada al-Qur’ân dan sunnah serta hasil ijtihâd. Memelihara anak terlantar merupakan salah satu dari kewajiban Negara, pemerintah hendaknya menyarankan kepada warga yang mampu untuk mengadopsi anak terlantar, hal ini dilakukan untuk melindungi dan mengangkat harkat dan martabat anak terlantar.   Abstract : This article higlights the concept of child adoption from the perspective of Islâmic law. It finds that claiming foster child as biological child is forbidden in Islamic law, it only allows the adopters to treat them in terms of expressing affection, giving basic necessities of life and facilitating the  education. Islamic law also states that child adoption must not delink the lineage between the foster children with their biological parents. Islamic law based adoption  is a child adoption which is based on al-Qur’ân, Sunnah, and Ijtihâd that is applied in Indonesia and they are formulated in any products of Islamic laws. They might be in form fiqh, fatwâ (binding ruling in Islamic matters), decretal, and official legal regulations, including Islamic Laws Compilation. Raising waif is also a country obligation, the government must recommend the wealthy citizens to adopt the waif to protect and to promote their prestige and dignity. Kata-kata Kunci: Adopsi, sadd al-dzarî’ah, dan anak terlantar

Foster Care in a Life Course Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 692 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-252
Author(s):  
Fred Wulczyn
Keyword(s):  
Foster Care ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Foster Children ◽  
Foster Parents ◽  
Local Variation ◽  
Life Course Perspective ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Policy Priority ◽  
The Life Course

To understand what placement outside of one’s home means to the young people involved, we must understand foster care from a life course perspective. I analyze young people’s experiences in foster care from this perspective, accounting for when foster care happens, how long it lasts, and what happens when foster care placements end. I show that the population of children coming into foster care is younger and less urban than it was 20 years ago. I also show reliable measures of exposure to foster care over the life course. Children who enter care early in life are the children who spend the largest proportion of their childhood in foster care—a fact that rarely weighs on the policymaking process. We know very little about state and local variation in foster care placement rates, not to mention the influence of social services, the courts, foster parents, and caseworkers over foster children, so I close by arguing investment in research should be a clear policy priority.

Assessment of problem behaviour by foster parents and their foster children

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Strijker ◽  
Simon van Oijen ◽  
Jana Knot-Dickscheit
Keyword(s):  
Foster Children ◽  
Foster Parents ◽  
Problem Behaviour

scholarly journals Akibat Hukum dalam Pewarisan dari Pelaksanaan Pengangkatan Anak oleh Orang Tua Tunggal

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-185
Author(s):  
Condro Putri Dewi Hartaka
Keyword(s):  
Foster Parents ◽  
Birth Certificate ◽  
Single Parents ◽  
Foster Child ◽  
Whole Person ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Right ◽  
To Receive ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
General Adoption

The child is the mandate of the Grace Of God Almighty, and inside there is something that is attached as the dignity and status as a whole person. Along with the time on it right now is the mindset of society as it advances and growing, such as the parents who are unable to finance the future of the child and that’s why the purpose of adoption the child is not only to get the child but also for the welfare of children. And in Indonesia allow the implementation of the adoption by single parents, a woman or a man who is not married and who have been married but no longer bound in wedlock (widow or widower). Adoption of the child by single parents can only be done by the Citizens Of Indonesia after obtaining permission from ministers and the granting of permission can be ordered to agencies in the province. Adoption by single parents same thing with the adoption of children by parents in general. Adoption does not cause the relationship between children with real parents to be disconected, because most of the child who is in was from the family. Adoption of the child must be listed in a birth certificate, by not eliminate the identity of the beginning. Foster child are entitled to receive heir from the foster parents and also have the right heir from the real parents.

scholarly journals Probability of infectious disease in humans during epidemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Karmishin ◽  
IV Borisevich ◽  
VI Skvortsova ◽  
AA Goryaev ◽  
SM Yudin
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Biological Object ◽  
Epidemiological Modeling ◽  
Pathogen Virulence ◽  
The Core ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Quantitative Characteristics ◽  
Infective Dose ◽  
The Law ◽  
Generalized Time

Popular SIR models and their modifications used to generate predictions about epidemics and, specifically, the COVID-19 pandemic, are inadequate. The aim of this study was to find the laws describing the probability of infection in a biological object. Using theoretical methods of research based on the probability theory, we constructed the laws describing the probability of infection in a human depending on the infective dose and considering the temporal characteristics of a given infection. The so-called generalized time-factor law, which factors in the time of onset and the duration of an infectious disease, was found to be the most general. Among its special cases are the law describing the probability of infection developing by some point in time t, depending on the infective dose, and the law that does not factor in the time of onset. The study produced a full list of quantitative characteristics of pathogen virulence. The laws described in the study help to solve practical tasks and should lie at the core of mathematical epidemiological modeling.

scholarly journals “In that day when we met for the frst time”: barriers and and resources of successful transition of foster-children to adulthood

Inter ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 19-37
Author(s):  
Larisa L. Shpakovskaya ◽  
Zhanna V. Chernova ◽  
Elvira Sh. Garifulina
Keyword(s):  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
Foster Children ◽  
Foster Parents ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Foster Family ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Life Trajectories ◽  
Biological Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Empirical Material

The article aims at the analysis of children’s perception of the changes in their lives due to the loss of a biological family and moving to a foster family. We analyze how children experience and subjectively perceive their foster family life experience. On the base of children biographies we build typical life trajectories, which are shaped in institutional, interpersonal and individual level. Social and political context of the foster children autobiographies are set by the reform of deinstitutionalization of child welfare system implemented in Russia in the 2010s. The methodological framework used is the new sociology of childhood, which sees childhood as a socio-historical construct, insists on studying the subjective world of children and taking them as everyday experts. As an empirical material we analyse 253 autobiographies written by foster children and sent to a diary context “Our Stories” (Elena and Gennagy Timchenko Foundation, 2015–2017). The article presents typical biographical trajectories of foster children as stages of transition to adulthood, as well as barriers that they face in this process and resources that are made available to them by the family. The general conclusion of the article is the fact that the biographical trajectories of the transition, which are accessible for foster children are complex, diverse, and individualized. Biographies are presented by their authors not only as a result of external factors, but also as a result of their own actions, as well as the efforts of their foster parents to overcome social stigmatization.

scholarly journals Contact with biological parents following placement in foster care: Associations with preschool child externalizing behavior

2021 ◽  
pp. 135910452110492
Author(s):  
Karine Poitras ◽  
George M. Tarabulsy ◽  
Natalia Varela Pulido
Keyword(s):  
Foster Care ◽  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Externalizing Behavior ◽  
Foster Parents ◽  
Foster Parent ◽  
Externalizing Behavior Problems ◽  
Foster Child ◽  
Child Externalizing Behavior ◽  
Biological Parents ◽  
Child Externalizing

Externalizing behavior problems are a salient issue in the context of child protection services, where associations with placement stability and caregiving behavior have been documented. Moreover, although research on the association between contact with biological parents and foster child externalizing behavior problems is scarce and has yielded mixed results, several studies have shown links between the two variables. The purpose of this study is to determine the association of face-to-face contact with biological parents and externalized behaviors, while taking into account placement instability and foster parent interactive sensitivity. Fifty preschoolers and their foster parents were visited at home. Child externalizing behavior problems were self-reported by foster parents, foster parent sensitivity was measured via play observations, and information relative to placement was collected through interviews with biological parents and gathered from social services data. Results reveal that more frequent contact with biological parents and lower levels of foster parent sensitivity are independently linked to greater levels of externalizing behavior problems even after controlling for placement instability. Discussion focuses on the importance of children’s relationship experiences during foster care and the necessity to investigate their role to more clearly understand foster child socioemotional development.

The Hard-to-Place Child

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine E. Rymph
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Foster Care ◽  
Attachment Theory ◽  
New Deal ◽  
Foster Children ◽  
Foster Parents ◽  
Conventional Wisdom ◽  
Child Placement ◽  
American Children ◽  
Post War

This chapter examines the notion of the “hard-to-place child” and the post-war emergence of the idea that foster children were inherently damaged. This idea derived from the rise of “attachment theory” and the conventional wisdom that New Deal family security programs had effectively eliminated poverty as a reason for child placement, thereby meaning that those children still in need of foster care came from pathological families. The chapter looks at various qualities that made a child “hard-to-place,” including, age, disability, behavioural problems, and race. It looks specifically at the use of board rates as a strategy to recruit foster parents and at efforts to recruit African American foster homes to serve African American children.

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