scholarly journals Maternal Depression in Early Childhood and Developmental Vulnerability at School Entry

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Wall-Wieler ◽  
Leslie L. Roos ◽  
Ian Gotlib
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Maternal Depression ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Population Based ◽  
School Entry ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Physician Visits ◽  
Developmental Domains ◽  
The Relationship

IntroductionStudies on the relationship between exposure to maternal depression in early childhood and childhood development have been limited by small samples, lack of information on timing of maternal depression, and use of a composite measure of childhood development. Objectives and ApproachWe linked multiple Manitoba datasets to examine the relationship between exposure to maternal depression in early childhood and childhood development at school entry across five domains, and age at exposure to maternal depression on developmental outcomes using a population-based cohort (n = 52,103). Maternal depression was defined using physician visits, hospitalizations, and pharmaceutical data, while developmental vulnerability was assessed using the well-validated Early Development Instrument. Relative risk of developmental vulnerability was assessed using log-binomial regression models, adjusted for maternal and childhood characteristics at the birth of the child. ResultsChildren exposed to maternal depression before age 5 had a 17% higher risk of having at least one developmental vulnerability at school entry than children not exposed to such depression before age 5. Exposure to maternal depression before age 5 was most strongly associated with social competence (aRR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.20, 1.38), physical health and well-being (aRR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.20, 1.36), and emotional maturity (aRR = 1.27, 95% CI 1.18, 1.37). For most developmental domains, exposure to maternal depression before age 1 and between ages 4 and 5 had the greatest association with developmental vulnerability. Conclusion / ImplicationsOur findings that children exposed to maternal depression were at higher risk of developmental vulnerability at school entry is consistent with previous studies. However, we found that the association between exposure to maternal depression and development varied across developmental domains, and the relationship varied depending on the age of exposure to maternal depression. Ongoing analyses of discordant cousins will shed more light on the causal nature of this relationship.

Parents and Technology

2019 ◽  
pp. 610-641
Author(s):  
Sean W. Mulvenon ◽  
Sandra G. Bowman
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Resource Model ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Parents And Technology

The use of technology to improve the health and nutrition outcomes of children has been improving in recent years with many resources available online. Additionally, the expansion and continued growth of the Internet allows a method of access to information that transcends the traditional geographical obstacles in providing educational resources to parents in rural communities. A review of research and resources online to support parents with early childhood development is presented. A challenge identified in use of technology is the “silo” mentality of resources and the integration of education, health, nutrition, and social well-being information as a single resource for parents. Based on the research a comprehensive resource model is presented that integrates essential maturational and academic development for children. Additionally, the use for improved metrics and their development is provided.

scholarly journals Maternal Depression in Early Childhood and Developmental Vulnerability at School Entry

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 146 (3) ◽  
pp. e20200794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Wall-Wieler ◽  
Leslie L. Roos ◽  
Ian H. Gotlib
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Maternal Depression ◽  
School Entry

scholarly journals COGNITIVE AGING IN OLDER MINORITY POPULATIONS: LONGITUDINAL EVIDENCE FROM U.S. CHINESE OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S814-S814
Author(s):  
XinQi Dong ◽  
Melissa Simon
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Minority Populations ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The increasing diversity in the aging population warrants systematic investigations regarding ethnic differences related to cognitive aging and ethnicity-unique risk factors. However, due to the great paucity of population-based longitudinal data on cognitive aging in racial/ethnic minority populations, our knowledge in this area remain limited. The purpose of this symposium is, therefore, to examine various psychological, socio-cultural, and physical factors associated with cognitive aging among U.S. Chinese older adults, representing one of the biggest and fastest growing older minority populations nationally. Using longitudinal data from a population-based prospective cohort study, namely The Population Study of ChINese Elderly in Chicago (PINE) with a sample size of 3,157, this symposium presents findings from five research projects. Session 1 investigates the relationship between psychological well-being and change of cognitive function over four years. Session 2 and 3 examine the relationships between two socio-cultural factors and cognitive function. Specifically, session 2 investigates the associations between immigration-related factors and the incidence of cognitive impairment. Session 3 explores the relationship between cognitive function and Tai-Chi practice. Session 4 and 5 examine the relationships between two physical health indicators and cognitive aging. Specifically, session 4 examines the relationship between physical function and change of cognitive function over two years. Session 5 explores the association between body mass index and cognitive function decline over two years. Taken together, this symposium aims to further our knowledge of cognitive aging among ethnically/culturally diverse populations. The research findings will identify unique factors related to cognitive aging in older minority populations.

scholarly journals The relationship between physical activity and mental health varies across activity intensity levels and dimensions of mental health among women and men

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1207-1214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda Asztalos ◽  
Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij ◽  
Greet Cardon
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
General Population ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Activity Intensity ◽  
Secondary Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractObjectiveTo explore gender-specific variations related to activity intensity in the relationship between physical activity (PA) and mental health (MH). Evaluating whether psychological well-being enhances with increases in PA at recommended levels and above, in the general population.DesignCross-sectional.SettingPopulation-based, representative for Belgium.SubjectsA total of 6803 adults aged 25–64 years from the Belgian National Health Interview Survey.ResultsMultiple logistic regression analyses showed that clearly different intensity levels characterised the PA that associated with MH in women and men. In men, inverse associations existed between participation in vigorous-intensity PA and feelings of depression (OR = 0·580; 95 % CI 0·405, 0·830), anxiety (OR = 0·547; 95 % CI 0·364, 0·821) and symptoms of somatisation (OR = 0·590; 95 % CI 0·398, 0·874). In women, positive associations existed between walking and emotional well-being (OR = 1·202; 95 % CI 1·038, 1·394) and inverse associations between participation in moderate-intensity PA and symptoms of somatisation (OR = 0·737; 95 % CI 0·556, 0·977). Secondary analyses confirmed that differences in psychological complaints were significant for vigorous PA in men, and for moderate PA in women, whereas differences in emotional well-being were significant for walking exclusively in women.ConclusionsIn the general population, the PA–MH relationship is always positive, regardless of activity intensity. In men, it addresses complaints (symptoms, palpable discomfort) and the optimal PA intensity is high. In women, it addresses complaints, but also distress (lowered mood, disturbing anxiety, altered well-being) and the PA intensity is mild.

scholarly journals Measuring Self-Perceptions of Aging: Differences Between Measures When Predicting Health Outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 481-481
Author(s):  
Jordan Boeder ◽  
Dwight Tse
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Ongoing Development ◽  
Perceptions Of Aging ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The majority of self-perceptions of aging (SPA) research uses either a combination of the Age-related Cognition (AgeCog) scales of Ongoing Development and Physical Loss, or the Attitudes Towards Own Aging (ATOA) subscale to assess views on aging. Although these scales are used interchangeably, the valence (positive/negative) and the specificity of the view on aging (domain-based/general) being assessed are not consistent. This study investigates how different measures of SPA relate to one another and whether they differentially predict various types of health outcomes (psychological/physiological; well-being/ill-being). Data from the 2008 and 2014 waves of the German Aging Survey (DEAS; n=3,745), a population-based representative survey of adults aged 40 to 95, was used to examine the relationship between the AgeCog scales and the ATOA subscale, as well as the differences in the types of health outcomes each predicts. The correlations between the AgeCog scales and the ATOA were higher than the correlation between the AgeCog scales (p < .001). The AgeCog scale of Ongoing Development significantly predicted psychological health outcomes across a six-year period, while the AgeCog scale of Physical Loss and the ATOA subscale predicted both physiological and psychological health outcomes. Evidence supports using the AgeCog scale of Ongoing Development to predict domain-relevant, psychological health outcomes. However, the multidimensionality of SPA is best measured by the ATOA subscale or a combination of the two AgeCog scales. Both forms of measurement were found to maximize the amount of explained variance for psychological and physiological indicators of well-being and ill-being.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Periodontal Disease and Public Health: A Population-Based Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somaye Ansari Moghadam ◽  
Zohre Abdollahi ◽  
Sirous Risbaf Fakour ◽  
Alireza Ansari Moghaddam ◽  
Farin Kiany ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Population Based ◽  
The Body ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
The Relationship

<p><strong>BACKGROUND:</strong> Periodontal diseases, such as periodontitis, are considered the main cause of tooth loss in the elderly.The present study is aimed to determine the relationship between periodontal condition and quality of life. Quality of life consists of a range of people’s objective needs related to the self-perception of well-being.</p><p><strong>METHODS:</strong> This study was done from January 2014 to June 2015 in a healthcare clinic in Zahedan, southeast Iran. Using the random sampling method, the researchers enrolled 700 individuals over 35 years of age. The participants initially completed a demographic questionnaire consisting of data, such as age, sex, educational level, and smoking habit. Then, the periodontal chart was completed. Moreover, patients, based on the number of their natural teeth, were divided into two groups (≥10 teeth in both maxillary and mandible arches and &lt;10 teeth in at least one arch). The body mass index (BMI) was also measured.To assess the participants’ general health, the WHO’s quality of life questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) was used.</p><p><strong>RESULTS: </strong>Of the 700 enrolled individuals, 53.3% were womenand 47.7% were men. Moreover, most of the participants (63.71%) had BMI of less than 25 and 68% did not smoke.We found that as the people’s periodontal status deteriorated, their quality of life also declined and the total mean score in all four health domains decreased (P&lt;0.001)<strong>.</strong>Moreover, people with more than 10 teeth in both arches scored higher with respect to life quality than those with less than 10 teeth in at least one arch (P&lt;0.001).</p><p><strong>CONCLUSION: </strong>This studyindicates a decrease in the general quality of life in patients with periodontal disease.The authors suggest performing studies with larger sample sizes andcohort studies for more reliable results.</p>

scholarly journals The relationship between birth season and early childhood development: Evidence from northwest rural China

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. e0205281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Bai ◽  
Guanminjia Shang ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Yonglei Sun ◽  
Annie Osborn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Birth Season ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Population-Level Data on Child Development at School Entry Reflecting Social Determinants of Health: A Narrative Review of Studies Using the Early Development Instrument

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3397
Author(s):  
Magdalena Janus ◽  
Caroline Reid-Westoby ◽  
Noam Raiter ◽  
Barry Forer ◽  
Martin Guhn
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Early Childhood Development ◽  
Developmental Outcomes ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
School Entry ◽  
Childhood Development ◽  
Developmental Health

Background: The Early Development Instrument (EDI) was developed as a population-level assessment of children’s developmental health at school entry. EDI data collection has created unprecedented opportunities for population-level studies on children’s developmental outcomes. The goal of this narrative review was to synthesize research using the EDI to describe how it contributes to expanding the understanding of the impacts of social determinants on child development and how it applies to special populations. Methods: Select studies published in peer-reviewed scientific journals between 2015 and 2020 and incorporating the social determinants of health perspectives were chosen to highlight the capability of the EDI to monitor children’s developmental health and contribute knowledge in the area of early childhood development. Results: A number of studies have examined the association between several social determinants of health and children’s developmental outcomes, including hard-to-reach and low-frequency populations of children. The EDI has also been used to evaluate programs and interventions in different countries. Conclusions: The ability of the EDI to monitor children’s developmental outcomes in various populations has been consistently demonstrated. The EDI, by virtue of its comprehensive breadth and census-like collection, widens the scope of research relating to early childhood development and its social determinants of health.

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