The Rise of Sexual Freedom

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna L. Grossman ◽  
Lawrence M. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sex Behavior ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Right Of Privacy ◽  
Ultimate Cause ◽  
Solid Foundation ◽  
Constitutional Right ◽  
Marital Sex ◽  
Over Time

This chapter discusses some of the dramatic changes in the law relating to sexual behavior since the middle of the twentieth century. The ultimate cause, of course, was changing sexual mores. But at several points, the Supreme Court, by recognizing a constitutional right to privacy, acted in ways that gave these changing mores a solid foundation in law. This right of privacy was expanded over time to include contraception, abortion, and even same-sex behavior. Through these cases, the Court authorized marriage without sex (by prisoners, for example) and sex without marriage (between gay people, who were forbidden to marry). It also authorized marital sex without reproduction (through contraception and abortion) and reproduction without marriage (through rights of illegitimate children and unwed fathers).

scholarly journals Understanding Sexual Orientation Identity, Sexual/Romantic Attraction, and Sexual Behavior beyond Western Societies: The Case of Japan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiki Hiramori ◽  
Saori Kamano
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Sex Behavior ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Asexual Population ◽  
Romantic Attraction ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Sexual Orientation Identity ◽  
The Impact

As a growing amount of research examines the impact of sexuality on various demographic outcomes, it becomes important to understand the complex intersections of sexual orientation identity, sexual/romantic attraction, and sexual behavior. However, most previous studies use data from Western countries that have particular histories of sexuality, limiting the generalizability of the findings beyond Western societies. We describe dimensions of sexuality in Japan, where there has not been any religious authority condemning same-sex behavior and any law prohibiting same-sex relations except for a decade in the late 19th century. We use data from the “Survey on Diversity of Work and Life, and Coexistence among the Residents of Osaka City,” the first population-based survey with detailed questions about multiple aspects of sexuality in Japan, to conduct descriptive analysis. More women identify as bisexual or asexual than lesbian. Among the respondents who selected “Don’t want to decide, haven’t decided”—a category originally created for queer/questioning respondents—as their sexual orientation, the proportion of those who indicated exclusive heterosexuality is higher than expected, raising the possibility that some heterosexual respondents with no heterosexual identity may have mistakenly chosen this category. The data suggest that the population of heterosexual-identified men who have sex with men is small. The prevalence of the asexual population differs by whether sexual orientation identity or sexual/romantic attraction is used to capture this population. Our analysis extends the demography of sexuality by examining unique non-Western data and putting in context the previous findings observed in Western countries.

scholarly journals A Decade of Stability and Change: Review of U.S. Adolescents' Sexual Behavior and Contraceptive Use 2006-2017

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Lindberg ◽  
Lauren Firestein ◽  
Cynthia Beavin
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Sexual Experience ◽  
Adolescent Females ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Stability And Change ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Sex Partner

This study examines changes over time, and demographic differentials, in the prevalence of select sexual behaviors and contraceptive use measures in a national sample of US adolescents. We used data on female and male adolescents aged 15-19 from the 2006-2010 (N=4,662), 2011-2015 (N=4,134), and 2015-2017 (N=1,810) National Survey of Family Growth. Logistic regression was used to identify differences between periods by gender, and for some measures by age, in sexual behaviors (penile-vaginal intercourse (PVI), oral or anal sex with an opposite-sex partner, sexual experience with a same-sex partner), contraceptive use and condom consistency. We estimated probabilities of age at first PVI with Kaplan-Meier failure analysis and tested for changes over time and differences by gender. Over half of all adolescents have engaged in at least one of the sexual behaviors measured. Between 2011-2015 and 2015-2017, males age 15-17 reported significant declines in all but same-sex partners, while the prevalence of sexual behaviors among older males and adolescent females overall remained generally stable. In each period, females were more likely than males to report a same-sex partner. Age of first PVI increased, but by age 17 the difference between time periods is minimal. Adolescent females report increases in the use at last sex of long-acting reversible contraceptive methods (3% to 18%) and multiple methods (27% to 41%). The condom use measures did not change over time. These findings identify components of both stability and change in adolescent sexual and contraceptive behavior in the last decade. Implications This analysis contributes a timely update on trends in adolescent sexual behavior and contraceptive use, showing that adolescents’ behaviors are complex and evolving. Sexual health information and services must be available so that young people have the resources to make healthy and responsible choices for themselves and their partners.

scholarly journals The Supreme Court and the Constitutional Right to Privacy

1991 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 105-124
Author(s):  
Neil Snortland
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Rational Basis ◽  
Reproductive Health Services ◽  
Historical Interpretation ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Right Of Privacy ◽  
Constitutional Right ◽  
Roe V Wade

Since its creation in 1965, the constitutional right of privacy has been difficult to understand, even contradictory. This may be explained as the result of the incremental implementation of the sweeping language of Griswold v. Connecticut, with privacy coming into conflict with other rights such as the freedom of the press. In addition, the initial criticisms of Griswold’s synoptic privacy reasoning intensified when Roe v. Wade provoked potent political opposition. These influences combined with the changing membership on the Supreme Court to produce an evaporation of privacy language from recent decisions, most notably Webster v. Reproductive Health Services and Cruzan v. Director, Missouri Department of Health. Furthermore, the Court is transforming Roe's declaration of privacy as a “fundamental right” protected by “strict scrutiny” into a “liberty interest” protected by the relaxed standard of “rational-basis scrutiny.” Finally, Rehnquist and Scalia want to give a narrow historical interpretation to any “liberty interest,” thus limiting the application of privacy to other areas of constitutional law.

scholarly journals An insight on initiation of same sex behavior among men who have sex with men in Agra district of India: A Qualitative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 624-630
Author(s):  
Iqbal Aqeel Khan ◽  
Shailendra Singh Chaudhary ◽  
Sunil Kumar Misra ◽  
Geetu Singh ◽  
Tej Pal Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Sex Behavior ◽  
Sexual Encounter ◽  
Education Curriculum ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Data Saturation ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Depth Interviews

Background: Men who have sex with men (MSM) refer to all males (of any age) who engage in sexual relations with other males. The gross stigmatization and discrimination of homosexuals have affected the life and health of MSM. Aims & objective: To get an insight on circumstances of initiation and continuation of same sex behavior among MSM. Material & Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in MSM population in Agra district in India. Audio recorded in-depth interviews were transcribed into verbatim. Potential themes were extracted as a part of analysis as per relevant experiences of the participants. Data saturation achieved after 13 In-depth interviews. Results: The initiation of same sex behavior among MSM was at a young age and was mostly without their consent. Almost all participants were below the legal age of giving consent for sex and their first homosexual partner was a familiar, elderly in position of authority. They played a passive role in their initial sexual encounter and none of them was able to discuss it freely with their family members or friends. They mostly felt depressed after their first homosexual encounter. They had continued this sexual behavior as they have accepted their attraction towards same sex. Conclusion: There is a need to include concepts of sexuality in education curriculum and sensitize parents also and counseling of those exposed to homosexuality at a tender age is imperative.

Model IMB(Information, Motivation, Behavioral Skills) Sebagai Prevensi Primer Seks Pranikah Remaja

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 622
Author(s):  
Hendri Fitrian ◽  
Linda Suwarni ◽  
Andri Dwi Hernawan
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Premarital Sex ◽  
Sex Behavior ◽  
Imb Model ◽  
Premarital Sexual ◽  
And Behavior

<p>Perilaku seksual remaja di Indonesia saat ini sudah sangat mengkhawatirkan, termasuk di Kalimantan Barat, khususnya Kota Pontianak. Faktor yang melatar belakangi perilaku seks pranikah remaja, baik faktor internal maupun eksternal. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa determinan perilaku seks pranikah, antara lain pengetahuan, efikasi diri, pengaruh teman sebaya, peran orangtua. Salah satu model yang dapat diterapkan sebagai prevensi primer seks pranikah remaja adalah <em>information, motivation, and behavior skill </em>(IMB). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengaplikasikan model IMB sebagai prevensi primer perilaku seks pranikah remaja, melalui peningkatan informasi, motivasi, dan skill dalam menolak ajakan seks pranikah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimen semu (Quasi Eksperimen) jenis one group pretest-posttest design. Jumlah sampel yaitu 31 reponden. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah <em>Total Sampling</em>. Data diperoleh dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan dianalisis dengan uji wilxocon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada peningkatan informasi, motivasi dan keterampilan seta niat terhadap hasil analisis statistik terhadap informasi, motivasi dan keterampilan yang diperoleh nilai 0,000 &lt;0,05. Sedangkan untuk hasil analisis statistic niat diperoleh nilai p = 0,006 &lt;0,05. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara informasi, motivasi, keterampilan serta niat siswa dengan menerapkan model IMB di MTS Aswaja Pontianak Barat. Dengan demikian model IMB efektif sebagai pencegahan primer untuk mencegah perilaku seks pranikah pada remaja.</p><p> </p><p><em>Teenage sexual behavior in Indonesia is currently very worrying, including in West Kalimantan, especially Pontianak City. Factors underlying the premarital sexual behavior of adolescents, both internal and external factors. Some studies show that the determinants of premarital sex behavior include knowledge, self-efficacy, peer influence, parental role. One model that can be applied as the primary prevention of premarital sex for adolescents is information, motivation, and behavior skills (IMB). The purpose of this study was to apply the IMB model as a primary prevention of adolescent premarital sexual behavior, through increasing information, motivation and skills in rejecting premarital sex requests. This study uses a quantitative approach with quasi-experimental methods of one group pretest-posttest design. The number of samples is 31 respondents. The sampling technique is total sampling. Data were obtained using a questionnaire and analyzed by the Wilxocon test. The results of the study for 3 interventions with 60 minutes showed that there was an increase in information, motivation and skills and intentions. the results of statistical analysis of information, motivation and skills obtained value of 0,000 &lt;0.05. As for the results of statistical analysis of intentions the value of p = 0.006 &lt;0.05 is obtained. There is a meaningful relationship between information, motivation, skills and student intentions by applying the IMB model in MTS Aswaja, West Pontianak. Thus the IMB model is effective as a primary prevention to prevent premarital sexual behavior in adolescents</em></p>

Roe v. Wade and the History of Abortion Regulation

1989 ◽  
Vol 15 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 227-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Benjamin Linton
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Personal Privacy ◽  
Personal Liberty ◽  
Personal Rights ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Right Of Privacy ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right Of Privacy ◽  
The Right ◽  
Roe V Wade

In Roe v. Wade, the Supreme Court held that “[the] right of privacy … founded in the Fourteenth Amendment's concept of personal liberty … is broad enough to encompass a woman's decision whether or not to terminate her pregnancy.” The Court acknowledged that “[t]he Constitution does not explicitly mention any right of privacy.” Nevertheless, the Court held that a “right of personal privacy, or a guarantee of certain areas or zones of privacy, does exist under the Constitution.” However, “only personal rights that can be deemed ‘fundamental’ or ‘implicit in the concept of ordered liberty,’ … are included in this guarantee of personal privacy.”

MARGINALIZED YET MOBILIZED

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alecia J. McGregor ◽  
Laura M. Bogart ◽  
Molly Higgins-Biddle ◽  
Dara Z. Strolovitch ◽  
Bisola Ojikutu
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Electoral Outcomes ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Lgbt People ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractBoth African American and LGBT voters can prove pivotal in electoral outcomes, but we know little about civic participation among Black LGBT people. Although decades of research on political participation has made it almost an article of faith that members of dominant groups (such as White people and individuals of higher socioeconomic status) vote at higher rates than their less privileged counterparts, recent work has suggested that there are circumstances under which members of marginalized groups might participate at higher rates. Some of this research suggests that political participation might also increase when groups perceive elections as particularly threatening. We argue that when such threats are faced by marginalized groups, the concern to protect hard-earned rights can activate a sense of what we call “political hypervigilance,” and that such effects may be particularly pronounced among members of intersectionally-marginalized groups such as LGBT African Americans. To test this theory, we use original data from the 2016 National Survey on HIV in the Black Community, a nationally-representative survey of Black Americans, to explore the relationship among same-sex sexual behavior, attitudes toward LGBT people, and respondent voting intentions in the 2016 presidential election. We find that respondents who reported having engaged in same-sex sexual behavior were strongly and significantly more likely to say they “definitely will vote” compared to respondents who reported no same-sex sexual behavior. More favorable views of LGBT individuals and issues (marriage equality) were also associated with greater intention to vote. We argue that these high rates provide preliminary evidence that political hypervigilance can, in fact, lead to increased political engagement among members of marginalized groups.

scholarly journals Same-Sex Sexual Behavior and Psychiatric Disorders

2001 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theo G. M. Sandfort ◽  
Ron de Graaf ◽  
Rob V. Bijl ◽  
Paul Schnabel
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Same Sex
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