Raja-Karjalan ortodoksien nimenvalinta ja ristimänimivalikoima 1890–1914

Virittäjä ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Outi Patronen

Suomen ortodoksikarjalaisilla oli autonomian aikana venäläiset ristimänimet. Artikkelissa tarkastellaan ortodoksista nimenantoa ja Raja-Karjalassa vuosina 1800–1914 ortodoksilapsille annettuja ristimänimiä, sekä niiden määrää että sitä, mitkä nimet ovat olleet tavallisia ja mitkä harvinaisia. Aineisto on koottu internetissä olevasta Karjala-tietokannasta. Tutkimuskohteena on kaksi keskisuurta rajakarjalaista kylää, Korpiselän Ägläjärvi ja Suojärven Kaitajärvi. Ortodoksien perinteisen nimenannon todetaan usein perustuneen ortodoksiseen kalenteriin. Koska lapselle on annettu tämän syntymäpäivänä tai sen lähellä olevan pyhän nimi, ortodokseilla ei ole voinut olla esimerkiksi suvussa periytyviä nimiä. Ortodoksista nimivalikoimaa on pidetty suppeana ja nimenantoa kaavamaisena. Toistaiseksi kumpaakaan ei ole kuitenkaan Suomessa tutkittu, eikä ole ollut tietoa siitä, mitä ristimänimiä rajakarjalaisilla on ollut. Tulokset osoittavat, että tutkituissa kylissä tavallisimmat naisten nimet 1890- ja 1910-luvuilla olivat Anna ja Maria; miesten nimistä tavallisin oli Ivan (Joann, Ioann). Kaikkien kolmen ristimänimen suosio perustunee siihen, että ortodoksisessa kirkkokalenterissa on useita Anna-, Maria- ja Johannes-(Ivan-)nimisiä pyhiä. Mainituissa kylissä erilaisia naisten nimiä oli 1910-luvulla annettu 34–41 ja miesten nimiä 59. Eri ristimänimien määrä oli tuolloin hieman suurempi kuin vuonna 1890. Sekä vuonna 1890 että vuonna 1910 noin kahdella kolmasosalla Kaitajärven miespuolisista asukkaista oli sellainen nimi, joka oli kylässä vain yhdellä tai kahdella henkilöllä. Erityisesti miesten nimivalikoima on siis ollut varsin laaja. Artikkelissa selvitetään myös nimenvalinnan ja ortodoksisen kalenterin suhdetta tarkastelemalla, milloin tiettyjä nimiä on annettu. Tietyn nimen saaneiden lasten syntymäkuukausien vertailu nimen muistopäiviin (esim. Olga) osoittaa, että nimen-annossa on enimmäkseen noudatettu kirkkokalenteria, mutta Suojärven seura-kunnassa nimenantoperinnettä on noudatettu uskollisemmin kuin Korpiselän seurakunnassa.   Selection and repertory of given names among the Orthodox population in Border Karelia in 1890–1914 During the 19th century, the Orthodox Karelians in Finland had Russian Christian names. This article examines Orthodox naming conventions and the Christian names given in Border Karelia during the period 1890–1914. This includes an analysis of the total number of different names in use and identification of particularly prevalent and rare names. The material is collected from the Karjala database available online. The focus is on two middle-sized villages, Ägläjärvi in Korpiselkä and Kaitajärvi in Suojärvi. It is often said that the Orthodox naming convention is based on the Orthodox calendar of saints. Due to the tradition of naming a child after the saint associated with the day he or she was born, the Orthodox do not have inherited Christian names. In general, the repertory of Orthodox names has been considered narrow and the naming convention rigid. There is no previous research on Orthodox Karelian naming conventions in Finland. The results show that the most common Christian names given to girls in the villages in focus in the 1890s and 1910s were Anna and Maria. The most common name given to boys was Ivan (Joann, Ioann). A plausible reason for the popularity of these three names is the fact that there are several saints in the Orthodox calendar named Anna, Maria and Johannes (Ivan). In the 1910s there were 34–41 different women’s names and 59 men’s names in use in these villages. The number of distinct names was slightly larger than in the 1890s. In Kaitajärvi, two thirds of men and boys had a unique name (with only one or two bearers) both in 1890 and 1910. The repertory of men’s names has traditionally been rather broad. By assessing the relation of Orthodox naming conventions and the Orthodox calendar of saints, the article clarifies annual trends in the popularity of names. The comparison of the dates of birth of children given certain names and the commemoration days of their respective saints (e.g. Olga) reveals that the naming convention largely followed the calendar of saints. In the Suojärvi parish, the traditional naming convention was more faithfully adhered to than in the Korpiselkä parish.

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-55
Author(s):  
Takashi Takekoshi

In this paper, we analyse features of the grammatical descriptions in Manchu grammar books from the Qing Dynasty. Manchu grammar books exemplify how Chinese scholars gave Chinese names to grammatical concepts in Manchu such as case, conjugation, and derivation which exist in agglutinating languages but not in isolating languages. A thorough examination reveals that Chinese scholarly understanding of Manchu grammar at the time had attained a high degree of sophistication. We conclude that the reason they did not apply modern grammatical concepts until the end of the 19th century was not a lack of ability but because the object of their grammatical descriptions was Chinese, a typical isolating language.


1970 ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Sarah Limorté

Levantine immigration to Chile started during the last quarter of the 19th century. This immigration, almost exclusively male at the outset, changed at the beginning of the 20th century when women started following their fathers, brothers, and husbands to the New World. Defining the role and status of the Arab woman within her community in Chile has never before been tackled in a detailed study. This article attempts to broach the subject by looking at Arabic newspapers published in Chile between 1912 and the end of the 1920s. A thematic analysis of articles dealing with the question of women or written by women, appearing in publications such as Al-Murshid, Asch-Schabibat, Al-Watan, and Oriente, will be discussed.


Author(s):  
Liubomyr Ilyn

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to analyze and systematize the views of social and political thinkers of Galicia in the 19th - beginning of the 20th centuries. on the right and manner of organizing a nation-state as a cathedral. Method. The methodology includes a set of general scientific, special legal, special historical and philosophical methods of scientific knowledge, as well as the principles of objectivity, historicism, systematic and comprehensive. The problem-chronological approach made it possible to identify the main stages of the evolution of the content of the idea of catholicity in Galicia's legal thought of the 19th century. Results. It is established that the idea of catholicity, which was borrowed from church terminology, during the nineteenth century. acquired clear legal and philosophical features that turned it into an effective principle of achieving state unity and integrity. For the Ukrainian statesmen of the 19th century. the idea of catholicity became fundamental in view of the separation of Ukrainians between the Russian and Austro-Hungarian empires. The idea of unity of Ukrainians of Galicia and the Dnieper region, formulated for the first time by the members of the Russian Trinity, underwent a long evolution and received theoretical reflection in the work of Bachynsky's «Ukraine irredenta». It is established that catholicity should be understood as a legal principle, according to which decisions are made in dialogue, by consensus, and thus able to satisfy the absolute majority of citizens of the state. For Galician Ukrainians, the principle of unity in the nineteenth century. implemented through the prism of «state» and «international» approaches. Scientific novelty. The main stages of formation and development of the idea of catholicity in the views of social and political figures of Halychyna of the XIX – beginning of the XX centuries are highlighted in the work. and highlighting the distinctive features of «national statehood» that they promoted and understood as possible in the process of unification of Ukrainian lands into one state. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in further historical and legal studies, preparation of special courses.


2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-226
Author(s):  
Kurdish Studies

Andrea Fischer-Tahir and Sophie Wagenhofer (edsF), Disciplinary Spaces: Spatial Control, Forced Assimilation and Narratives of Progress since the 19th Century, Bielefeld: Transcript Verlag, 2017, 300 pp., (ISBN: 978-3-8376-3487-7).Ayşegül Aydın and Cem Emrence, Zones of Rebellion: Kurdish Insurgents and the Turkish State, Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 2015, 192 pp., (ISBN: 978-0-801-45354-0).Evgenia I. Vasil’eva, Yugo-Vostochniy Kurdistan v XVI-XIX vv. Istochnik po Istorii Kurdskikh Emiratov Ardelan i Baban. [South-Eastern Kurdistan in the XVI-XIXth cc. A Source for the Study of Kurdish Emirates of Ardalān and Bābān], St Petersburg: Nestor-Istoria, 2016. 176 pp., (ISBN 978-5-4469-0775-5).Karin Mlodoch, The Limits of Trauma Discourse: Women Anfal Survivors in Kurdistan-Iraq, Berlin: Klaus Schwarz Verlag, 2014, 541 pp., (ISBN: 978-3-87997-719-2). 


2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Leury Max Da Silva Chaves ◽  
Gabriel Vinicius Santos ◽  
Cauê La Scala Teixeira ◽  
Marzo Edir Da Silva-Grigoletto

 Bodyweight exercises (also popularly known as calisthenics) is a classic training method and its practice has been widespread since the 19th century, but little evidenced in the scientific literature over the years. This type of training aims to promote multi-system adaptations using body weight as an overload with no or few implements [1–3]. This characteristic makes exercise with body weight easy to apply, in addition to having an excellent cost-benefit ratio when compared to other training possibilities that require machines or materials [4,5].


Author(s):  
N. V. Bashmakova ◽  
K. V. Kravchenko

The purpose of this article is process of analyzing in reference to concert capriccio by C. Munier for mandolin with piano («Bizzarria», op. 201, Spanish сapriccio, op. 276) from the point of view of their genre specificity. Methodology. The research is based on the historical approach, which determines the specifics of the genre of Capriccio in the music of the late 19th and early 20th centuries and in the work of C. Munier; the computational and analytical methods used to identify the peculiarities of the formulation and the performing interpretation of the original concert pianos for mandolins with piano that, according to the genre orientation (according to the composerʼs remarks), are defined as capriccio. Scientific novelty. The creation of Florentine composer,61mandolinist-vertuoso and pedagog C. Munier, which made about 300 compositions, is exponential for represented scientific vector. Concert works by C. Munier for mandolin and piano, created in the capriccio genre, were not yet considered in the art of the outdoors, as the creativity and composer’s style of the famous mandolinist. Conclusions. Thus, appealing to capriccio by С. Munier, which created only two works, embodied in them virtually all the evolutionary stages of the development of genre. In his opus of this genre there are a vocal, inherent in capriccio of the 17th century solo presentation, virtuosity, originality, which were embodied in the works of 17th – 18th centuries and the national color of the 19th century is clearly expressed. Thus, the Spanish capriccio is a kind of «musical encyclopedia» of national dance, which features are characteristic features of bolero, tarantella, habanera, and so forth. The originality of opus number 201 – «Bizzarria», is embodied in the parameters of shaping (expanded cadence of the soloist in the beginning) and emphasized virtuosity, which is realized in a wide register range, a variety of technical elements.


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