scholarly journals Effects of pre- and post-transplant inoculation with commercial arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on pelargonium (Pelargonium hortorum) and its microorganism community

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gergely Csima ◽  
Ildikó Hernádi ◽  
Katalin Posta
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Slow Release Fertilizer ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Diverse Community ◽  
Mycorrhizal Inoculation ◽  
Total Fungi

Rooted cuttings of geranium were grown with and without a slow release fertilizer and inoculated or not with a commercial inoculum containing AM fungi. After six weeks plants were transplanted into larger containers and one-half of the plants were inoculated with AM. Inoculation increased pelargonium growth along with nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium concentrations in shoot than caused a slight decrease in shoot growth and enhanced N concentration. Colony forming units of total fungi and bacteria in the rhizosphere were not influenced by AM;  although RFLP profiles of DNA isolated from bacteria living in rhizosphere showed a more diverse community in AM-inoculated than non-inoculated plants at low nutrient supply. Our results suggest that mycorrhizal inoculation not only has an effect on plant growth and uptake of elements but it also influences directly or indirectly the bacterial community of the rhizosphere.

scholarly journals Arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization and growth of Eremanthus incanus Less. in a highland field

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 412-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. Pagano ◽  
M.N. Cabello ◽  
M.R. Scotti
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Mycorrhizal Colonization ◽  
Gigaspora Margarita ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Colonization ◽  
Mycorrhizal Inoculation ◽  
Highland Vegetation ◽  
Glomus Sp

This paper focuses on Eremanthus incanus Less. (Asteraceae), a common species of highland regions in Brazil. The effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) inoculation on plant growth (height and diameter) was evaluated. Roots were examined from individuals randomly selected from undisturbed areas of highland vegetation and from an experimental restored site. Results showed that E. incanus presented high AM colonization both in restored and undisturbed sites. Moreover, AM colonization was significantly higher in the inoculated treatment than in the non-inoculated one. The species presented Arum-type colonization and frequent production of vesicles, especially in the restored site. Arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation stimulated plant growth (height and diameter). Ten AM fungi (AMF) taxa were found in the studied rooting zones: Acaulospora spinosa, A. elegans, A. foveata, Acaulospora sp., Gigaspora margarita, Glomus sp., Dentiscutata biornata, D. cerradensis, Dentiscutata sp. and Racocetra verrucosa. These results revealed that AMF is a common and important component in highland vegetation in Brazil, and should be included in future restoration programs.

scholarly journals Effects of mycorrhizal inoculant, N:P supply ratio, and water depth on the growth and biomass allocation of three wetland plant species

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (9) ◽  
pp. 1117-1125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauchlan H. Fraser ◽  
Larry M. Feinstein
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Wetland Plant ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Root:Shoot Ratios ◽  
Water Depths

In the greenhouse, we investigated the growth and biomass allocation of three juvenile wetland species ( Carex tribuloides Wahl., Phalaris arundinacea L., and Rumex orbiculatus Gray) under three different water depths (–4, 0, and +2 cm relative to the soil surface), three N:P supply ratios (1:30, 1:1, 30:1), and two mycorrhizal inoculant treatments (arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi present, absent). After 6 weeks, the plants were harvested, separated to above- and below-ground parts, oven-dried, and weighed. The mycorrhizal inoculant significantly increased plant growth and reduced root:shoot ratios. At an N:P supply ratio of 30:1, plants with AM fungi had significantly greater biomass than those plants without AM fungi. However, at 1:1 N:P supply ratio, plants without AM fungi had greater biomass. Plants without AM fungi had higher root:shoot ratios at 0 and –4 cm water depth than plants with AM fungi. In general, C. tribuloides had the lowest growth, and unlike P. arundinacea and R. orbiculatus, was not affected by the water depth treatment. Growth of the wetland plants was limited more by nitrogen than by phosphorus. Our results suggest that at high N:P nutrient supply ratios and non-flooded conditions the growth of wetland seedlings can benefit by being inoculated with AM fungi.

Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation on osmoregulation and antioxidant responses of blueberry plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 641-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Le Tu ◽  
Xiao-Min Liu ◽  
Jia-Xin Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Low Temperature Stress ◽  
Vaccinium Ashei ◽  
Antioxidant Responses ◽  
Antioxidant Content ◽  
Mycorrhizal Inoculation

Effects of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, Glomus mosseae, G. intraradices, and G. etunicatum, on plant growth, antioxidant content, osmoregulation, and nutrition were investigated in ‘Premier’ blueberry (Vaccinium ashei) plants exposed to low-temperature stress. Low temperature decreased mycorrhizal colonization, growth, levels of leaf soluble sugar, ascorbic acid (ASA) and root viability. However, at low temperatures, levels of leaf superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) were found to increase, accompanied by increases in levels of ASA, malondialdehyde (MDA), and proline. G. mosseae especially, significantly increased levels of SOD, POD, CAT and ASA, but decreased levels of MDA in plants. AM-inoculated plants had higher contents of proline, soluble sugar, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium than non-AM-inoculated plants, especially in the G. mosseae-inoculated plants. These results indicate that G. mosseae has the potential to enhance resistance of ‘Premier’ blueberry plants against low-temperature stress through improving antioxidant content, osmotic adjustment and mineral nutrition.

Response of ectomycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal pitch pine (Pinusrigida) seedlings to nutrient supply and aluminum: growth and mineral nutrition

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 2145-2152 ◽  
Author(s):  
George A. Schier ◽  
Carolyn J. McQuattie
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Aluminum Toxicity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Al Toxicity ◽  
Nutrient Level ◽  
Pitch Pine ◽  
Mycorrhizal Inoculation

Mycorrhizal colonization and nutrient supply may have important effects on aluminum toxicity in trees grown on acidic, nutrient-poor soils. The interacting effects of mycorrhizal inoculation, nutrient level, and Al treatment on growth and mineral nutrition of pitch pine (Pinusrigida Mill.) seedlings grown with and without the ectomycorrhizal fungus Pisolithustinctorius (Pers.) Coker & Couch were determined. The seedlings were grown for 66 days in sand irrigated with 0.1- or 0.2-strength nutrient solution (pH 3.8) containing 0, 10, or 20 mg/L Al (0, 0.37, or 0.74 mM). Across nutrient and Al levels total dry weight of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) seedlings was 75% greater than that of nonmycorrhizal (NM) seedlings. Doubling the nutrient level increased the dry weight of NM seedlings by 120%, versus 60% for ECM seedlings. Aluminum reduced root and shoot growth in NM seedlings, but had no effect on shoot growth and only a marginally significant effect on root growth of ECM seedlings. Shoot growth of NM seedlings was more sensitive to Al than root growth. Increased growth of NM seedlings by doubling the nutrient level was least at the highest Al level. Symptoms of Al toxicity in roots (dark, stunted tips) occurred at a lower Al level in NM than ECM seedlings. A strong relationship was not found between Al toxicity and concentrations of Mg and Ca in roots and needles. Enhancement of growth resulting from increased uptake of nutrients due to mycorrhizal inoculation (and) or an increased level of nutrients was the overriding factor affecting the response of pitch pine seedlings to Al.

scholarly journals Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Colonization on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Uptake and Growth of Aloe vera L.

HortScience ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 1737-1739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keitaro Tawaraya ◽  
Maman Turjaman ◽  
Hanna Artuti Ekamawanti
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Uptake

The effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) colonization on nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) uptake and shoot growth of Aloe vera was investigated. Plants were inoculated with one of two AM fungi, Glomus clarum or Gigaspora decipiens. Control plants were not inoculated. Plants were grown under glasshouse conditions in a peat land soil without fertilizers for 12 months. Inoculated A. vera plants were colonized with AM fungi. Total length of leaves and number of leaves were higher in inoculated plants than uninoculated plants 12 months after inoculation. Shoot N and P concentrations were higher in inoculated plants than uninoculated plants. Shoot fresh weight was increased by AM colonization. This result suggests that AM colonization can increase the nutrient uptake and growth of A. vera.

scholarly journals (67) Effect of Two Types of Fertilizers on the Growth and Development of Tissue-cultured Daylilies Transferred to the Greenhouse

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1018C-1018
Author(s):  
Johnny Carter ◽  
Diondre Palmer ◽  
Lianghong Chen ◽  
Surinder Gulia
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Slow Release Fertilizer ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Soluble Fertilizer

During Summer 2005, a study similar to that of Summer 2004 was conducted to determine the effect of two type of fertilizers on the growth and development of tissue-cultured daylilies transferred to the greenhouse. Peters 20–20–20 water-soluble fertilizer and a slow-release fertilizer were the two fertilizers evaluated. Peters 20–20–20 fertilizer was used at 0 (control), 50, 100, 200 mg/L rates. The slow-release fertilizer was used at 2.5 g per 10.2-cm pot. Each treatment was replicated four times in randomized complete-block design. After 6 weeks of growth, the results showed that when compared to the control, all treatments except for 200 mg/L caused a significant increase in root growth. Shoot growth was significantly increased by the 100 mg/L treatment, while the 200 mg/L and the slow-release treatments suppressed shoot growth. Similar to the growth of roots and shoots, the 100 mg/L treatment caused significant increase in fresh weight, while both the 200 mg/L and slow-release treatments caused a reduction. Results obtained for Summer 2005 were similar to that of Summer 2004. These results imply that the 100 mg/L Peters 20–20–20 fertilizers treatment is the best treatment for maximum growth and development of tissue-cultured daylilies transferred to the greenhouse.

scholarly journals Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and pesticides on Cynara cardunculus growth

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. MARIN ◽  
M. YBARRA ◽  
A. FÉ
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Glomus Mosseae ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Cynara Cardunculus ◽  
Mycorrhizal Inoculation ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Wild Cardoon ◽  
Glomus Sp

Wild cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L.) is a promising crop for biomass production. A nursery trial was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of mycorrhizal inoculation on the biomass yield of wild cardoon seedlings and the effect of the pesticides fosetyl-Al, folpet and propamocarb, as fungicides, and isofenphos, phoxim and oxamyl, as insecticides, on cardoon plant growth and the mycorrhization. The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi inocula were: commercial inoculum with Glomus mosseae spores, and an inoculum of a Glomus sp. strain (AMF-i) isolated locally. Mycorrhizal inoculation with either inoculum increased cardoon shoot biomass compared to non-inoculated control plants. The pesticide applications had a neutral or positive effect on cardoon seedling growth. However, the AM fungi colonisation did not decrease except for plants colonised by G. mosseae and treated with the insecticides isofenphos and oxamyl. Thus, the mycorrhiza can survive to pesticide concentrations employed in commercial nursery, and enhance cardoon plant productivity.

scholarly journals (133) Influence of Two Types of Fertilizers on the Growth and Development of Tissue-cultured Daylilies Transferred to the Greenhouse

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1087A-1087
Author(s):  
Johnny Carter ◽  
Diondre Palmer ◽  
Lianghong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Slow Release Fertilizer ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Soluble Fertilizer

During Summer 2004, a study was conducted to determine the effect of two types of fertilizers on the growth and development of tissue-cultured daylilies transferred to the greenhouse. Peters 20–20–20 water-soluble fertilizer and a slow-release fertilizer were the two fertilizers evaluated. Peters 20–20–20 fertilizer was used at 0 (control), 50, 100, and 200 mg·L–1 rates. The slow release fertilizer was used at 2.5 g per 10.2 cm pot. Each treatment was replicated four times in a randomized complete-block design. After 6 weeks of growth, the results showed that, when compared to the control, all treatments except for 200 mg·L–1 caused a significant increase in root growth. Shoot growth was significantly increased by the 100 mg·L–1 treatment, while the 200 mg·L–1 and slow-release treatments suppressed shoot growth. Similar to root and shoot growth, the 100 mg·L–1 treatment caused a significant increase in fresh weight, while the 200 mg·L–1 and slow-release treatments caused a reduction. These results imply that the 100 mg·L–1 Peters 20–20–20 fertilizer treatment is the best treatment for maximum growth and development of tissue-cultured daylilies transferred to the greenhouse.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF SLOW RELEASE FERTILIZER ON THE INITIAL DEVELOPMENT AND COFFEE PRODUCTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 538
Author(s):  
Kleso Silva Franco Junior ◽  
Julian Silva Carvalho ◽  
Bernardino Cangussu Guimarães ◽  
Camila Karen Reis Barbosa ◽  
Giselle Prado Brigante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Block Design ◽  
First Year ◽  
Coffee Production ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Slow Release Fertilizer ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Second Year

The objective in this work was to evaluate the efficiency of slow release fertilizer in seedling production, initial development and first coffee production. The research was carried out at Sitio Santa Felicidade, Campestre - MG, Brazil, in a randomized block design with two treatments and ten replicates, totaling 20 experimental plots. Coffee seedlings were produced using Ciclus Substrate (20% N, 22% P2O5 and 5% K2O) and conventional fertilizers 4 kg simple super phosphate (18% P2O5) and 0.25 kg Potassium Chloride (58% K2O). The variables evaluated were size, dry and fresh matter of the shoot and root system, and the seedlings were transplanted to the field and those from Ciclus Substrate received in the first year Ciclus NS (30% N) and in the second year. NK (19-00-19) and conventionally produced with conventional fertilizers (20-00-20 and 25-00-25 respectively), the variables evaluated were: shoot growth, length and number of plagiotropic branch internodes Slow release fertilizer ciclus Substrate has been found to be a viable technology for the production of arabica coffee seedlings, coffee planting NS provides good plant development and coffee producing NK provides good plant growth and higher productivity.

Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi onCapsicumspp.

2015 ◽  
Vol 154 (5) ◽  
pp. 828-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. P. PEREIRA ◽  
I. J. C. VIEIRA ◽  
M. S. M. FREITAS ◽  
C. L. PRINS ◽  
M. A. MARTINS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Plant Interaction ◽  
Mycorrhizal Inoculation

SUMMARYThe benefits of mycorrhizal inoculation on growth, yield and nutrition of plants are well documented. However, mycorrhiza use in pepper and sweet pepper crops (Capsicumspp.) is still rarely exploited compared to other crops of economic importance. The current paper reviews the main aspects of the association between arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and plants of pepper and sweet pepper. It includes topics about the effects of AM fungi on nutrition, growth and yield inCapsicumspp., paying particular attention to AM fungi–pathogen interactions, responses to some environmental stresses, as well as biochemical and physiological aspects of AM fungi–plant interaction inCapsicum annuumL.

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