scholarly journals Laulukilpailusta show-kilpailuksi?

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-32
Author(s):  
Mari Pajala
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Primary Research ◽  
Television Production ◽  
The Past ◽  
Technical Personnel ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Eurovision Song Contest ◽  
The Common ◽  
Audiovisual Presentation

Eurovision laulukilpailua koskevaa tutkimusta on ilmestynyt melko runsaasti 2000-luvulla, mutta televisioestetiikkaan ja -tuotantoon liittyviä kysymyksiä on tutkimuksessa tarkasteltu vain vähän. Tässä artikkelissa tartun usein esitettyyn ajatukseen, että Eurovision laulukilpailussa korostuvat nykyisin entistä enemmän visuaalisuus ja spektaakkeli. Kysyn, miten euroviisukappaleiden audiovisuaalinen näytteillepano on kehittynyt ohjelman historian aikana ja millaiseksi tuotannon luonne on kehittynyt 2000-luvulla.Artikkelin pääasiallinen tutkimusaineisto koostuu ensinnäkin vuosien 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990 ja 2000 Eurovision laulukilpailuista, joita analysoimalla luon kuvan kilpailukappaleiden audiovisuaalisen esillepanon kehityksestä. Toiseksi käytän vuosien 2016–2019 Euroviisujen tuotantotietoja aineistona rakentaessani kuvaa laulukilpailun nykytuotannosta. Esitän, että euroviisuesityksille on aina pyritty rakentamaan kappaleen tyyliin sopiva visuaalinen ilme. Teknologinen kehitys ja kilpailun sääntömuutokset ovat kuitenkin mahdollistaneet entistä vaihtelevammat ja monimutkaisemmat esitykset. Suurimuotoisen tv-spektaakkelin rakentaminen edellyttää yhteistyötä eri maista tulevien ammattilaisten ja yritysten kesken, ja nykyiset Eurovision laulukilpailut ovatkin ylirajaisia tuotantoja. Samat televisioalan ammattilaiset ja yhtiöt osallistuvat kilpailun tuotantoon eri maissa. Lisäksi kansalliset delegaatiot palkkaavat ylirajaisesti työskenteleviä ammattilaisia suunnittelemaan kilpailuesityksiään. Eurovision laulukilpailun tuotantoon on myös muodostunut eräänlainen alueellinen hierarkia, jossa Pohjois-Eurooppa on johtavassa asemassa erityisesti Ruotsin television SVT:n ja ruotsalaisten ammattilaisten keskeisen roolin ansiosta.Avainsanat: Eurovision laulukilpailu, televisioestetiikka, televisiotuotanto, spektaakkeli, ylirajaisuus   From a song contest to a show contest? The increasingly transnational production of television spectacle in the Eurovision Song ContestAlthough academic interest in the Eurovision Song Contest (ESC) has grown over the past two decades, research has only rarely focused on television aesthetics and television production. The article explores the common claim that the contemporary ESC places more and more emphasis on visual spectacle. The article asks, how has the audiovisual presentation of Eurovision entries developed over the course of the contest’s history, and how can we characterize the production of the contemporary ECS?The primary research material consists of, firstly, ESC broadcasts from 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990, and 2000. These are analysed to describe the historical development of the audiovisual presentation of Eurovision entries. Secondly, the article draws on production information for ESC 2016–2019 to gain an understanding of the scope of the contemporary production.The article argues that ESC producers have always aimed at creating visually varied performances that suit the style of each song. However, changes in technology and the contest’s rules have enabled increasingly complex performances. As a result, creating the contemporary ESC requires using creative and technical personnel across national borders, and many of the same television professionals and companies participate in the production year after year. Moreover, successful stage directors work transnationally, designing Eurovision performances for different countries. Thus, the ESC participates in a wider turn towards transnational production in European television culture. The transnational field of ESC production is not without hierarchies, as Northern Europe plays a central role in the development of the contest, thanks to strong input from Swedish television SVT and Swedish television professionals in particular.Keywords: Eurovision Song Contest, television aesthetics, television production, spectacle, transnational

scholarly journals THE COMMON AND THE UNIQUE:THE ROCK ART OF THE WHITE SEA

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Л. Яник
Keyword(s):  
White Sea ◽  
Rock Art ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
The White Sea ◽  
The Past ◽  
Early Evidence ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Sea Mammals ◽  
The Common ◽  
First Time

Основываясь на представлениях об общности и уникальности, автор статьи утверждает, что наскальное искусство Белого моря, имея много общего с наскальным искусством Северной Европы в целом, в то же время обладает уникальными качествами. Петроглифы Белого моря, которые создавались в период примерно между 5625 и 3666 лет назад представителями сообществ присвающего хозяйства, предоставляют нам возможность заглянуть в прошлое. Первыми в истории человечества эти изображения дают осязаемую информацию об охоте на морских млекопитающих с помощью гарпунов и поплавков. Кроме того, на скалах Беломорья представлены самые ранние изображения лыжников они показывают, что охота на лыжах представляла собой активный процесс перемещения в ландшафте. By employing the concepts of commonality and uniqueness, this paper argues that the rock art the White Sea White while sharing a number of factors with other Northern Europe rock art has unique qualities. The White Sea petroglyphs were created between c. 5625 and c. 3666 years ago by food procuring communities give us a window on the past. For the first time in human history these images provide us with a tangible record of hunting for sea mammals with harpoon and float, providing early evidence for deep-sea exploitation. Furthermore, these petroglyphs provide the earliest depictions of humans on skis and show how hunting on skis took place as an active process of moving in the landscape.

Beyond Promoter: The Role of Macrophage in Invasion and Progression of Renal Cell Carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 588-596
Author(s):  
Haibao Zhang ◽  
Guodong Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Cell Formation ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Tumor Stem Cell ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Common

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the common urologic neoplasms, and its incidence has been increasing over the past several decades; however, its pathogenesis is still unknown up to now. Recent studies have found that in addition to tumor cells, other cells in the tumor microenvironment also affect the biological behavior of the tumor. Among them, macrophages exist in a large amount in tumor microenvironment, and they are generally considered to play a key role in promoting tumorigenesis. Therefore, we summarized the recent researches on macrophage in the invasiveness and progression of RCC in latest years, and we also introduced and discussed many studies about macrophage in RCC to promote angiogenesis by changing tumor microenvironment and inhibit immune response in order to activate tumor progression. Moreover, macrophage interactes with various cytokines to promote tumor proliferation, invasion and metastasis, and it also promotes tumor stem cell formation and induces drug resistance in the progression of RCC. The highlight of this review is to make a summary of the roles of macrophage in the invasion and progression of RCC; at the same time to raise some potential and possible targets for future RCC therapy.

Searching for Political Parties in the Past

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piero Ignazi
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Ancient Greece ◽  
Political Community ◽  
Democratic Politics ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Common

Chapter 1 introduces the long and difficult process of the theoretical legitimation of the political party as such. The analysis of the meaning and acceptance of ‘parties’ as tools of expressing contrasting visions moves forward from ancient Greece and Rome where (democratic) politics had first become a matter of speculation and practice, and ends up with the first cautious acceptance of parties by eighteenth-century British thinkers. The chapter explores how parties or factions have been constantly considered tools of division of the ‘common wealth’ and the ‘good society’. The holist and monist vision of a harmonious and compounded society, stigmatized parties and factions as an ultimate danger for the political community. Only when a new way of thinking, that is liberalism, emerged, was room for the acceptance of parties set.

Can Groups Assert That P?

2019 ◽  
pp. 326-344
Author(s):  
Deborah Tollefsen
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Single Individual ◽  
Constitutive Rule ◽  
The Past ◽  
Group Members ◽  
The Common ◽  
Declarative Statement ◽  
John Macfarlane

When a group or institution issues a declarative statement, what sort of speech act is this? Is it the assertion of a single individual (perhaps the group’s spokesperson or leader) or the assertion of all or most of the group members? Or is there a sense in which the group itself asserts that p? If assertion is a speech act, then who is the actor in the case of group assertion? These are the questions this chapter aims to address. Whether groups themselves can make assertions or whether a group of individuals can jointly assert that p depends, in part, on what sort of speech act assertion is. The literature on assertion has burgeoned over the past few years, and there is a great deal of debate regarding the nature of assertion. John MacFarlane has helpfully identified four theories of assertion. Following Sandy Goldberg, we can call these the attitudinal account, the constitutive rule account, the common-ground account, and the commitment account. I shall consider what group assertion might look like under each of these accounts and doing so will help us to examine some of the accounts of group assertion (often presented as theories of group testimony) on offer. I shall argue that, of the four accounts, the commitment account can best be extended to make sense of group assertion in all its various forms.

scholarly journals A Theoretical Framework on the Determinants of Food Purchasing Behavior of the Elderly: A Bibliometric Review with Scientific Mapping in Web of Science

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 688
Author(s):  
Khaled Alhammadi ◽  
Luna Santos-Roldán ◽  
Luis Javier Cabeza-Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Purchasing Behavior ◽  
Food Purchasing ◽  
The Past ◽  
Bibliometric Review ◽  
Food Market ◽  
The Common ◽  
Elderly Consumers

The past few years have seen significant demographic changes in most regions, including an increased elderly population. Subsequently, elderly citizens comprise an important market segment of consumers, with the food industry one of the most affected areas in this context. However, food market managers previously believed that elderly consumers’ needs were stereotyped in nature. The lack of focus on this sector, therefore, left elderly consumers as an untapped market, without realizing the financial independence of this segment regarding their nutrition. This research will attempt to provide the key determinant factors on elderly consumers’ behavior related to food. For that purpose, a complete literature review of more than 123 papers regarding these concepts has been carried out. Once analyzed, we highlight the common insights to give clear guidance for supermarket managers and food manufacturers to have a better knowledge of the reasons behind elderly people’s food acquisitions.

scholarly journals B.05 Hemi-laryngopharyngeal spasm (HELPS) syndrome: The discovery, cure, and characterization of a new neurological condition

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (S2) ◽  
pp. S11-S11
Author(s):  
C Honey ◽  
M Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Care ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
First Case ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Operative Outcome ◽  
Small Cohort ◽  
The Common ◽  
Similar Motor

Background: We published the world’s first case of hemi-laryngpharyngeal spasm (HELPS) syndrome cured by microvascular decompression (MVD) of the Xth cranial nerve in 2016. We now present a small cohort of patients (n=3) successfully treated with surgery in order to better delineate the common characteristics of this syndrome, diagnostic tests of choice, nuances of their surgical care and outcomes of their treatment. Methods: The history and physical examination of three patients with HELPS syndrome are presented. Pre-operative laryngoscopy, neuroimaging, response to botox and intra-operative videos are detailed. Post-operative outcome and complications are presented. Results: Each patient reported similar motor (choking) and sensory (coughing) features in their history. Episodic choking relentlessly progressed over the years until it occurred while sleeping and with frightening severity prompting tracheostomy in one patient and intubation in another. A “tickling” sensation deep in the throat triggered episodic coughing that worsened over the years until it occurred while sleeping and with frightening severity (syncope and incontinence). Conclusions: A review of the literature suggests that patients with similar symptoms, often called episodic laryngospasm in the past, have been treated with psychotherapy or antacids. With the recognition that a clearly defined subset of these patients have HELPS syndrome, we can offer them the potential of a neurosurgical cure.

Expanding Evolutionary Psychology: toward a Better Understanding of Violence and Aggression

2003 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iver Mysterud ◽  
Dag Viljen Poleszynski
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Psychology ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Reactive Hypoglycemia ◽  
Proximate Factors ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
The Common ◽  
Habitual Intake

The “mainstream” evolutionary psychology model is currently under criticism from scientists of other persuasions wanting to expand the model or to make it more realistic in various ways. We argue that focusing on the environment as if it consisted only of social (or sociocultural) factors gives too limited a perspective if evolutionary approaches are to understand the behavior of modern humans. Taking the case of violence, we argue that numerous novel environmental factors of nutritional and physical-chemical origin should be considered as relevant proximate factors. The common thesis presented here is that several aspects of the biotic or abiotic environment are able to change brain chemistry, thus predisposing individuals to violence and aggression in given contexts. In the past, aggressive behavior has had a number of useful functions that were of particular importance to our ancestors' survival and reproduction. However, some of the conditions in our novel environment, which either lowered the threshold for aggression or released such behavior in contexts which were adaptive in our evolutionary past, no longer apply. It is high time evolutionary approaches to violence are expanded to include the possibilities that violence may be triggered by nutritionally depleted foods, reactive hypoglycemia caused by habitual intake of foods with a high glycemic index (GI), food allergies/intolerances and exposure to new environmental toxins (heavy metals, synthetic poisons).

Communication Theory and Training Approaches for Multiculturally Diverse Organizations: Have Academics and Practitioners Missed the Connection?

2001 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marguerite Arai ◽  
Maryanne Wanca-Thibault ◽  
Pamela Shockley-Zalabak
Keyword(s):  
Communication Theory ◽  
Diversity Training ◽  
Multicultural Training ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Common ◽  
Multiculturally Diverse ◽  
And Training

While a number of articles have looked at the importance of multicultural training in the workplace over the past 30 years, there is little concrete agreement that documents the common fundamental elements of a “successful” diversity initiative. A review of the training literature suggests the importance of human communication theory and practice without including important research, methodologies, and practice from the communication discipline. This article examines formal diversity approaches, provides examples from the literature of several successful diversity initiatives in larger organizations, identifies the limited use of communication-based approaches in diversity training, and discusses the importance of integrating communication theory and practice in future training efforts.

Ainsworth's Historical Accuracy Reconsidered

1972 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Llewellyn Ligocki
Keyword(s):  
Historical Novel ◽  
Sir Walter Scott ◽  
Crucial Importance ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
The Past ◽  
Waverley Novels ◽  
Literary Figure ◽  
Historical Fact ◽  
The Common ◽  
Failure To Progress

After Sir Walter Scott made the historical novel popular with his Waverley novels, many other writers, including the major novelists Dickens and Thackeray and the minor novelists Ainsworth, G. P. R. James, Bulwer-Lytton, and Reade, took up the form. But while the major novelists are credited with artistry in their use of history, the minor ones are generally regarded as hacks who used history indiscriminately in any way they wished in order to “make saleable novels.” The disparaging criticism of William Harrison Ainsworth's use of history exemplifies this unreflective critical tendency.For several probable reasons, critics have not been inclined to credit Ainsworth with using history responsibly; however, none of the reasons is based on an examination of his sources: his rapid ascension and decline as an important literary figure, his popularity with the common reading public, and his failure to progress artistically after his first few good novels. His artistic growth seems to have ended in 1840, forty-one years before the publication of his last novel. These critics have seen him as a “manufacturer of fiction,” and therefore not responsible in his treatment of historical fact and his use of historical documents, even though time and place are of crucial importance to Ainsworth. One could hardly regard Ainsworth more incorrectly. A close reading of Ainsworth's historical sources demonstrates that Ainsworth's history is extremely reliable in both generalities and particulars; his alterations, usually minor, serve only to adumbrate his concept of history as cycle. Thus, even though he is a novelist and not a historian, the faithful revelation of the past is central to his work. He examines history carefully in order to present truths about life and in order to demonstrate how history reveals these truths.

New and modern history of the Arab world

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rouben Karapetyan
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Arab Countries ◽  
Modern History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Oriental Studies

The textbook covers the main events and developments in the recent history of the Arab world. The key issues of the past and present of the major Arab countries are examined. The general patterns, main stages and peculiarities of the historical development of these countries are presented. The work is designed for students of the faculties of “Oriental Studies”, “History” and “International Relations”, as well as wide range of readers interested in the history of the Arab world.

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