scholarly journals Modelling the Business-As-Usual Energy Scenario for the Albanian Household Sector

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 864-869
Author(s):  
Altin Maraj
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Household Sector ◽  
Energy Scenario ◽  
Business As Usual ◽  
Analysis Platform

This paper shows the results obtained from the development of the Business-as-Usual Scenario for the household sector in Albania. Actually, this sector is the biggest consumer of electricity with 48% of the total provided in the last year. The modelling of the energy system is achieved through the utilization of the Low Emissions Analysis Platform. The performed analysis refers to a long-term period and is extended till 2050. Firstly, the tool is employed to forecast annual data for the population, economy, precipitation and average temperature. Secondly, the tool provided results related to the energy demand, GHG emissions and the fuel share referring to the household sector. The obtained results obtained from the simulation offer a clear view regarding the household sector in Albania in the future. For the year 2050, results that the energy demand in the household sector will rise to 1.449 MTOE/year and the electricity will provide 45.42 % of it. Also, the GHG emissions in the same year will be 3.348 Mt CO2,eq/year. It is noticed that biomass contribution in GHG emissions will be 76.9%.

scholarly journals Long-Term Energy Demand-side Modelling of Nigerian Household Sector

2021 ◽  
pp. 100065
Author(s):  
D.E. Omene Tietie ◽  
E.O. Diemuodeke ◽  
K. Owebor ◽  
C. Okereke ◽  
F.I. Abam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Household Sector ◽  
Term Energy

scholarly journals Energy greenhouse gas emission inventory in Batu City

2021 ◽  
Vol 916 (1) ◽  
pp. 012003
Author(s):  
K E Sari
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Emission Inventory ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Emission Sources ◽  
Average Increase ◽  
Ghg Emission ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Household Sector

Abstract The development of the tourism sector in Batu City is in line with the development of non-agricultural activities in Batu City that dominates 66.7% of Batu City’s land use pattern. This pattern is related to the energy demand in Batu City and contributes to the increasing GHG emissions from the energy sector. The energy sector contributes 24-25% of GHG emissions and it will increase along with further development of activities. The GHG emission inventory is an important step related to GHG emission reduction, and, due to the uncertainty of GHG emission distribution, the inventory was based on the sources of emission. The main purpose of this research is to make an inventory of the amount of GHG emission from the energy sector in Batu City from 3 main emission sources in Batu, namely transportation, commercial, and household. The analytical method used is the Tier 1 approach using a database of energy consumption and the number of activities as an emission source. The results show that the total amount of GHG emissions from the energy sector in Batu City is 2,562,159,822,007.89 kg/year with an average increase of 0.75% per year and is dominated by emission sources from the household sector. The average increase in GHG emissions from the transportation sector is 58.83% with a significant increase in 2015. In the commercial sector, the average annual increase in GHG emissions is 3.83%, and the household sector—as the largest energy consumer—has an average increase in GHG emissions each year of 0.75%.

scholarly journals Energy Scenario Analysis for the Nordic Transport Sector: A Critical Review

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaele Salvucci ◽  
Stefan Petrović ◽  
Kenneth Karlsson ◽  
Markus Wråke ◽  
Tanu Priya Uteng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scenario Analysis ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Nordic Countries ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Energy Technology ◽  
Oil Transport ◽  
Methodological Choices ◽  
Energy Scenario

Experiencing the highest growth in emissions since 1990 and relying mainly on oil, transport is considered the most complicated sector to decarbonize. Lately, the Nordic countries have shown remarkable success in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, especially in the power and heat sector. However, when it comes to transportation, the greatest source of Nordic GHG emissions, stronger measures are needed. Relying on a rich and diversified portfolio of renewable sources and expertise, the Nordic countries could benefit from a common mitigation strategy by encompassing a larger variety of solutions and potential synergies. This article reviews studies addressing integrated energy and transport scenario analysis for the Nordic region as a whole. The studies targeted are those applying energy system models, given their extensive adoption in supporting scenario analysis. Most notable of these studies is the “Nordic Energy Technology Perspectives 2016” to which a special focus is dedicated. The article reviews the methodological choices and the research content of the selected literature. Challenges/limitations are identified in light of recent transport research, and categorized as: “transport behavior”, “breakthrough technologies”, “domestic energy resources” and “geographical aggregation and system boundaries”. Lastly, a list of suggestions to tackle the identified gaps is provided based on the existing literature.

scholarly journals The impacts of climate change on UK energy demand

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-119
Author(s):  
Frances Ruth Wood ◽  
Daniel Calverley ◽  
Steven Glynn ◽  
Sarah Mander ◽  
Walsh Conor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Potential Demand ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

The impacts of climate change on the energy system are diverse; this article focuses on the potential effects on UK energy demand and the ramifications for national infrastructure building on the findings of the UK’s 2012 Climate Change Risk Assessment. It reviews the available literature, where it exists, on the relationships among current energy demand, weather and climate change, and the implications for these relationships due to mitigation plans and potential adaptation responses. The review highlights the mechanisms by which future climate change, in particular changes in mean and extreme temperature, could affect the annual amount of UK energy demand and the seasonal, daily and spatial variation of the impacts. Published literature quantifying the effects of climate change on UK energy demand is limited; thus, where evidence is not available, information on the current relationship between weather and demand is combined with expert judgement to highlight potential demand responses to a changing climate without quantification. The impacts identified could have significant implications for the long-term planning of energy infrastructure and system operation and building design, depending on their magnitude, highlighting the need for further research in this area.

An energy system planning model for the industrial sector in Nigeria

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.C. Njoku
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
System Modelling ◽  
Industrial Energy ◽  
Energy Equilibrium ◽  
Energy System Planning

This paper reports the energy system modelling projection in the industrial sector of Nigeria. It is car-ried out to provide a long term perspective on the Scenario buildings for the industrial energy system of Nigeria. The projections have inter-sectoral con-sistency only to the extent those of the Federal Republic of Nigeria have to the inter-industrial link-ages, which are no doubt important. However, it appears that input-output tables have not been instructed and regularly impeded and expanded as part of the planning scenarios that have been gen-erated on the contested demand, which is to assume constant energy intensity in future years. The basis for projecting energy demand in the industrial sector is to estimate the likely changes in energy consumption intensity and the ratio of ener-gy consumption to value added. It is considered expedient and pragmatic to use a scenario for con-structing an optimal level forecast, projecting a desirable energy equilibrium pattern for the year 2010.

Emissions in different stages of economic development in nations

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amulya Gurtu ◽  
Anandajit Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Development Policy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Green Technologies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sustainable Technologies ◽  
Development Trajectory

PurposeThis paper analyzed country-wise energy consumption, sources of emissions, and how it gets impacted by their socioeconomic development and provides a framework for integrated climate and development policy.Design/methodology/approachAn analysis of energy supply, consumption and emissions across developed and developing economies using long-term empirical data.FindingsThe framework provided areas to be focused on reducing emissions during the economic and social development trajectory of nations.Research limitations/implicationsIt provides a holistic and integrated picture of the context of emissions that induced global warming and developmental challenges for different types of countries.Practical implicationsAll nations must reduce fossil fuel consumption to reduce anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to keep the planet's temperature rise within 1.5 degrees Celsius compared to the preindustrial period.Social implicationsSustainable/green technologies might need upfront investment to implement sustainable technologies.Originality/valueThe main contribution of this paper is to provide a long-term integrated perspective on energy demand and supply, emissions, and a framework for the formulation of an integrated climate and development policy.

A CROSS-MODEL COMPARISON OF GLOBAL LONG-TERM TECHNOLOGY DIFFUSION UNDER A 2°C CLIMATE CHANGE CONTROL TARGET

2013 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 1340013 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. C. VAN DER ZWAAN ◽  
H. RÖSLER ◽  
T. KOBER ◽  
T. ABOUMAHBOUB ◽  
K. V. CALVIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Technology Diffusion ◽  
Temperature Increase ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Model Comparison ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Cross Model

We investigate the long-term global energy technology diffusion patterns required to reach a stringent climate change target with a maximum average atmospheric temperature increase of 2°C. If the anthropogenic temperature increase is to be limited to 2°C, total CO 2 emissions have to be reduced massively, so as to reach substantial negative values during the second half of the century. Particularly power sector CO 2 emissions should become negative from around 2050 onwards according to most models used for this analysis in order to compensate for GHG emissions in other sectors where abatement is more costly. The annual additional capacity deployment intensity (expressed in GW/yr) for solar and wind energy until 2030 needs to be around that recently observed for coal-based power plants, and will have to be several times higher in the period 2030–2050. Relatively high agreement exists across models in terms of the aggregated low-carbon energy system cost requirements on the supply side until 2050, which amount to about 50 trillion US$.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Energy Metabolic System in Sri Lanka

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Konara Mudiyanselage Gayani Kaushalya Konara ◽  
Akihiro Tokai
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Metabolic System ◽  
Energy Flows

Fast growing economy of Sri Lanka with an annual GDP growth rate of 5% has significantly increased demand for energy. As energy supply must grow in a sustainable way to meet the demand, concern over the environmental impact of energy flows have been gaining attention during policy development and implementation. Therefore, there is a need of comprehensively evaluating energy metabolic system in Sri Lanka to identify resource dependencies of the country that must be addressed to increase the sustainability. A conceptual energy metabolic model was developed identifying economic, social and demographic variables affecting energy demand, transformation and supply and GHG emissions in Sri Lanka. Developed model was used to evaluate the current energy flows and forecast the behaviour of energy metabolism while assessing the sustainability of the energy system using number of sustainability indicators. Developed model indicates an average annual growth rate of 4.06% in energy demand, 4.17% in non-renewable energy supply and 3.36% in GHG emissions. Transport sector has the highest GHG emissions percentage of 73%. Sustainability evaluation of the energy metabolic system shows that Sri Lanka is becoming more efficient and less energy intensive over the years. However, increase in GHG emissions per capita and emission intensity has a negative impact on the environmental sustainability while increase renewable energy share in total energy supply can be considered positive. The findings of the research give new insights to the energy system of Sri Lanka which enable energy planners to implement policies to transition towards a more secure and sustainable energy system.

scholarly journals Belgian Energy Transition: What Are the Options?

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
Gauthier Limpens ◽  
Hervé Jeanmart ◽  
Francois Maréchal
Keyword(s):  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Source Model ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Days Open

Different scenarios at different scales must be studied to help define long term policies to decarbonate our societies. In this work, we analyse the Belgian energy system in 2035 for different carbon emission targets, and accounting for electricity, heat, and mobility. To achieve this objective, we applied the EnergyScope Typical Days open source model, which optimises both the investment and the operation strategy of a complete energy system for a target year. The model includes 96 technologies and 24 resources that have to supply, hourly, the heat, electricity, mobility, and non-energy demands. In line with other research, we identify and quantify, with a merit order, different technological steps of the energy transition. The lack of endogenous resources in Belgium is highlighted and estimated at 275.6 TWh/y. It becomes obvious that additional potentials shall be obtained by importing renewable fuels and/or electricity, deploying geothermal energy, etc. Aside from a reduction of the energy demand, a mix of solutions is shown to be, by far, the most cost effective to reach low carbon emissions.

scholarly journals Modelling the impacts of challenging 2030 DPRK’s GHGs mitigation targets on DPRK’s energy system

2020 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 02079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongjae An ◽  
Haijun Cao ◽  
Cholu Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Energy Technology ◽  
Systems Modelling ◽  
Business As Usual

The DPRK ratified the Paris Agreement on 1st August 2016 and fully committed to achieving goals for reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) in its Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC) which was submitted on 3rd October 2016. The DPRK’s INDC includes a mitigation and an adaptation component. In the mitigation component, as unconditional contribution, DPRK intends to achieve with domestic resources the reduction of GHG emissions by 8% by 2030 as compared to Business as Usual (BAU) scenario. Moreover, the conditional contributions are measures that could be implemented if additional international financial support, technology transfer and capacity building are received. The national contribution could be increased up to 40% with international support. This paper focuses on these mitigation targets for DPRK by an interesting case study of GHG emissions for a 12 year period from 1990 to 2002. We proposed the DPRK’s GHGs mitigation model by analyzing the Irish TIMES (The Integrated MARKAL–EFOM System) energy systems modelling tool, and proved the technical availability of CO2-8 scenario delivering an 8% emissions reduction target by 2030. We then compared the scenario results in terms of changes in energy technology, the role of energy efficiency and renewable energy.

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