scholarly journals Quantitative Distribution of English and Indonesian Motion Verbs and Its Typological Implications: A case study with the English and Indonesian versions of the Twilight novel

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 391-402
Author(s):  
Gede Primahadi Wijaya Rajeg ◽  
Utei Charaleghy Pamphila
Keyword(s):  
Future Study ◽  
Motion Verbs ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Motion Events ◽  
Lexical Diversity ◽  
Quantitative Distribution ◽  
Token Frequency ◽  
Main Verb ◽  
Distribution Type

This paper investigates the quantitative distribution (type and token frequencies, and type-per-token ratio [TTR]) of motion verbs found in English and Indonesian versions of the novel Twilight (Meyer, 2005; Sari, 2008). The study is contextualized within two divergent views on the typological characteristics of Indonesian lexicalization patterns of motion events. One study (Son, 2009) suggests that Indonesian behaves like English, representing a satellite-framed pattern (i.e., lexicalizing Manner of motion in the main verb) while another study (Wienold, 1995) argues for the verb-framed nature of Indonesian (i.e., lexicalizing Path of motion in the main verb). We seek to offer a quantitative perspective to these two proposals. Our study shows that, compared to English, Indonesian has significantly higher number (i.e., types) and occurrences (i.e., tokens) of Path verbs (reflecting the verb-framed pattern). Moreover, the higher TTR value of Path verbs for Indonesian shows a greater lexical diversity in the inventory of Indonesian Path verbs compared to English. In contrast, the English Manner verbs are significantly higher in number and in token frequency than Indonesian (suggesting the satellite-framed pattern), and show greater lexical diversity given the higher TTR value. While these findings lean toward supporting the verb-framed pattern of Indonesian (Wienold, 1995), we caution with the limitation of our conclusion and offer suggestions for future study.

Motion Verbs in Japanese

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yo Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Japanese Language ◽  
Motion Verbs ◽  
Motion Events ◽  
Japanese Speakers ◽  
Main Verb ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Manner Verbs

Japanese is a language rich in verbs representing Path of motion, but it also has verbs representing Manner and Deixis. Examining how they are used can deepen our understanding of some of the interesting properties of the Japanese language. In typological literature on motion events descriptions, Japanese has been claimed to be the type of language in which Path is expressed in the main verb position rather than elsewhere in the sentence, with the use of a path verb. However, this view must be qualified in two ways. First, the language exhibits intralinguistic variation, using postpositions and other nonverbal elements to represent Path notions such as FROM, TO, and ALONG. Second, Path is expressed in the main verb position only when Deixis is absent from the sentence. One feature of manner verbs in Japanese is that they are not used very often, especially concerning walking events. This phenomenon is accounted for by the “cost” of expressing Manner in Japanese. Another property of manner verbs in Japanese is they are incompatible with a goal phrase, which has been previously accounted for in different ways. A close semantic examination of manner verbs suggests that this restriction can be attributed to the nature of goal marking, rather than the semantics of manner verbs. An examination of corpus and experimental data also reveals how Japanese speakers use deictic verbs. Deictic motion verbs are used very frequently, though this tendency is not observed in descriptions of the motion of inanimate entities. Finally, deictic verbs in Japanese are sensitive to the notion of the speaker’s interactional space or territory, not just restricted by the spatial location of the speaker.

scholarly journals MOTION VERBS IN PERSIAN AND ENGLISH: A FRAMENET-BASED CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Zolfa Imani ◽  
Rezvan Motavalian Naeini
Keyword(s):  
Motion Verbs ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Motion Events ◽  
English Sentence ◽  
Semantic Frames ◽  
Animal Farm ◽  
Persian Translation ◽  
English Verb ◽  
English Equivalent

The current research aims at exploring and comparing the semantic frames of motion verbs in English and Persian. In pursuit of this goal, the novel Animal farm by G. Orwell (1945) was selected and compared with its Persian translation, Qale heyvanat (Atefi, 2010). The sentences including motion verbs were primarily extracted from the novel and then a comparison was made between each English sentence and its Persian counterpart. Afterwards, the semantic frames of the English and Persian motion verbs were obtained from the FrameNet database. It should be noted that when the motion verbs in English had an equivalent which could be interpreted in a different way in Persian, the Persian verb was searched for in one of the most reliable Persian to English dictionaries—Persian to English Dictionary (Aryanpur and Aryanpur, 2007). We searched for its English equivalent and then the newly obtained English verb was searched in FrameNet for the semantic frame. When comparing the semantic frames of the motion verbs in the two languages examined, we concluded that motion events in English and Persian were expressed through miscellaneous motion verbs each of which involves a semantic frame peculiar to it. Likewise, the frames may be similar or different cross-linguistically in case of semantic differences, or they might be pragmatically similar.

Motion-Verb Generalizations in English and Spanish: Influences of Language and Syntax

1998 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 363-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letitia R. Naigles ◽  
Paula Terrazas
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Spanish Speakers ◽  
Linguistic Relativity ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Motion Verbs ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Motion Events ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
Motion Verb

English and Spanish speakers differ in the ways they talk about motion events, but how have these different modes of expression become instantiated as differing generalizations—as syntactic rules, lexical patterns, or both? In two studies, we asked English- and Spanish-speaking adults to interpret novel motion verbs presented in three types of sentence frames. Overall, English speakers expected novel verbs to encode the manner of motion, whereas Spanish speakers expected the verbs to encode the path of motion. The sentence frames also significantly affected how the speakers interpreted the novel verbs. We conclude that speakers of different languages represent their different generalizations about the composition of motion verbs both lexically and syntactically, and discuss how these generalizations might be important for issues of language acquisition and linguistic relativity.

scholarly journals Manners of human gait: a crosslinguistic event-naming study

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 701-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan I. Slobin ◽  
Iraide Ibarretxe-Antuñano ◽  
Anetta Kopecka ◽  
Asifa Majid
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Human Gait ◽  
Motion Verbs ◽  
Motion Events ◽  
Motor Patterns ◽  
Lexical Diversity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Group Variation ◽  
Picture Description

AbstractCrosslinguistic studies of expressions of motion events have found that Talmy's binary typology of verb-framed and satellite-framed languages is reflected in language use. In particular, Manner of motion is relatively more elaborated in satellite-framed languages (e.g., in narrative, picture description, conversation, translation). The present research builds on previous controlled studies of the domain of human motion by eliciting descriptions of a wide range of manners of walking and running filmed in natural circumstances. Descriptions were elicited from speakers of two satellite-framed languages (English, Polish) and three verb-framed languages (French, Spanish, Basque). The sampling of events in this study resulted in four major semantic clusters for these five languages: walking, running, non-canonical gaits (divided into bounce-and-recoil and syncopated movements), and quadrupedal movement (crawling). Counts of verb types found a broad tendency for satellite-framed languages to show greater lexical diversity, along with substantial within group variation. Going beyond most earlier studies, we also examined extended descriptions of manner of movement, isolating types of manner. The following categories of manner were identified and compared: attitude of actor, rate, effort, posture, and motor patterns of legs and feet. Satellite-framed speakers tended to elaborate expressive manner verbs, whereas verb-framed speakers used modification to add manner to neutral motion verbs.

THE PSYCHOLINGUISTIC APPROACH TO THE ANALYSIS OF THE LITERARY TEXT (A CASE STUDY OF THE TEXT FRAGMENT OF THE NOVEL “THE LIGHT BETWEEN OCEANS” BY M. L. STEDMAN)

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (28) ◽  
pp. 86-94
Author(s):  
Tetyana Druzhyna
Keyword(s):  
Text Analysis ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Original Text ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Lexical Diversity ◽  
Text Fragment ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Average Size

The article deals with the approach to the psycholinguistic analysis of the original text (the text fragment of the novel “The Light between Oceans” written by M. L. Stedman) and the text of the translation (the Ukrainian translation performed by N. Khaietska). Psycholinguistics is aimed at studying the language as a phenomenon of the mentality, at “disclosing” the work of the translators, their actual actions on the psychological level. The three stages of translation are also of the psychological nature (the understanding of the source text, the “comprehension” of the forms of the source language and the choice of the forms of the target language). Any perception occurs in the field of the psychological science, that’s why there arises the need to highlight the psycholinguistic assumptions of the analysis and the interpretation of a literary text. The employment of the psycholinguistic analysis of a literary text is very useful and appropriate, since it can be used to investigate how professional translators transmit the emotional content of the text to other languages. The method of psycholinguistic text analysis is focused on the study of the linguistic and stylistic characteristics of the texts. The following main categories are taken into account: the scope of the text; the number of sentences; their average size; the coefficient of vocabulary (lexical) diversity; the coefficient of verbiage / aggressiveness; the coefficient of logical connectivity; the coefficient of embolism. The psycholinguistic text analysis has revealed that the text of the translation corresponds to the original text. The difference between the main categories is rather insignificant and can not affect the perception of the translated text by the recipients. The content-analysis has shown that the translated text contains all the categories of the original text and the number of the analyzed words is identical. This proves the correspondence and adequacy of the translated text, its high ability to reproduce fully the author’s intention.

A novel method for the determination of linting propensity of paper

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
ALESSANDRA GERLI ◽  
LEENDERT C. EIGENBROOD
Keyword(s):  
Ash Content ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Offset Printing ◽  
Excellent Correlation ◽  
End Conditions ◽  
Bottom Side ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Total Fraction

A novel method was developed for the determination of linting propensity of paper based on printing with an IGT printability tester and image analysis of the printed strips. On average, the total fraction of the surface removed as lint during printing is 0.01%-0.1%. This value is lower than those reported in most laboratory printing tests, and more representative of commercial offset printing applications. Newsprint paper produced on a roll/blade former machine was evaluated for linting propensity using the novel method and also printed on a commercial coldset offset press. Laboratory and commercial printing results matched well, showing that linting was higher for the bottom side of paper than for the top side, and that linting could be reduced on both sides by application of a dry-strength additive. In a second case study, varying wet-end conditions were used on a hybrid former machine to produce four paper reels, with the goal of matching the low linting propensity of the paper produced on a machine with gap former configuration. We found that the retention program, by improving fiber fines retention, substantially reduced the linting propensity of the paper produced on the hybrid former machine. The papers were also printed on a commercial coldset offset press. An excellent correlation was found between the total lint area removed from the bottom side of the paper samples during laboratory printing and lint collected on halftone areas of the first upper printing unit after 45000 copies. Finally, the method was applied to determine the linting propensity of highly filled supercalendered paper produced on a hybrid former machine. In this case, the linting propensity of the bottom side of paper correlated with its ash content.

scholarly journals Becoming a Crorepati: From Glocal TV Game to Grobal Fiction

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-520
Author(s):  
Nicola Pozza
Keyword(s):  
Effective Means ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Cultural Products ◽  
Slumdog Millionaire ◽  
Interactive Nature ◽  
Tv Show ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
The Way

AbstractNumerous studies have dealt with the process of globalization and its various cultural products. Three such cultural products illustrate this process: Vikas Swarup’s novel Q and A (2005), the TV quiz show Kaun banega crorepati? (Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?), and Danny Boyle’s film Slumdog Millionaire (2008). The novel, the TV show and the film have so far been studied separately. Juxtaposing and comparing Q and A, Kaun banega crorepati, and Slumdog Millionaire provides an effective means to shed light on the dialogic and interactive nature of the process of globalization. It is argued through this case study that an analysis of their place of production, language and content, helps clarify the derivative concepts of “glocalization” and “grobalization” with regard to the way(s) contemporary cultural products respond to globalization.

scholarly journals Building Telemedicine Capacity for Trainees During the Novel Coronavirus Outbreak: a Case Study and Lessons Learned

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 2675-2679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharine Lawrence ◽  
Kathleen Hanley ◽  
Jennifer Adams ◽  
Daniel J Sartori ◽  
Richard Greene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lessons Learned ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Nanomaterial synthesis and characterization for toxicological studies: TiO2 case study

2008 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 515-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Valsami-Jones ◽  
D. Berhanu ◽  
A. Dybowska ◽  
S. Misra ◽  
A. R. Boccaccini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modifications ◽  
Model System ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Commercial Products ◽  
Nanomaterial Synthesis ◽  
Toxicological Studies

AbstractIn recent years it has become apparent that the novel properties of nanomaterials may predispose them to a hitherto unknown potential for toxicity. A number of recent toxicological studies of nanomaterials exist, but these appear to be fragmented and often contradictory. Such discrepancies may be, at least in part, due to poor description of the nanomaterial or incomplete characterization, including failure to recognise impurities, surface modifications or other important physicochemical aspects of the nanomaterial. Herew em ake a casef or the importance of good quality, well-characterized nanomaterials for future toxicological studies, combined with reliable synthesis protocols, and we present our efforts to generate such materials. The model system for which we present results is TiO2 nanoparticles, currently used in a variety of commercial products.

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