scholarly journals Healthcare - Where to from here?

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-4
Author(s):  
David Briggs
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Rates ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Back To Work ◽  
National Borders

In writing an editorial it is difficult to ignore the impact and ramifications of addressing the Covid Pandemic. In Australia, there is emerging political and media signals that are saying we must start to move on and get people back to work and living normally. At the same time our health bureaucracies are pointing to higher vaccination rates, new variants, the need for ‘booster shots’ and continued reticence in some about opening state and national borders....

The Impact of Gavi on Vaccination Rates: Regression Discontinuity Evidence

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Dykstra ◽  
Amanda L. Glassman ◽  
Charles Kenny ◽  
Justin Sandefur
Keyword(s):  
Regression Discontinuity ◽  
Vaccination Rates ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The Effect of Vaccination Rates on the Infection of COVID-19 under the Vaccination Rate below the Herd Immunity Threshold

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7491
Author(s):  
Yi-Tui Chen
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vaccination Rate ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Vaccination Rates ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The World ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact

Although vaccination is carried out worldwide, the vaccination rate varies greatly. As of 24 May 2021, in some countries, the proportion of the population fully vaccinated against COVID-19 has exceeded 50%, but in many countries, this proportion is still very low, less than 1%. This article aims to explore the impact of vaccination on the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. As the herd immunity of almost all countries in the world has not been reached, several countries were selected as sample cases by employing the following criteria: more than 60 vaccine doses per 100 people and a population of more than one million people. In the end, a total of eight countries/regions were selected, including Israel, the UAE, Chile, the United Kingdom, the United States, Hungary, and Qatar. The results find that vaccination has a major impact on reducing infection rates in all countries. However, the infection rate after vaccination showed two trends. One is an inverted U-shaped trend, and the other is an L-shaped trend. For those countries with an inverted U-shaped trend, the infection rate begins to decline when the vaccination rate reaches 1.46–50.91 doses per 100 people.

scholarly journals Putting the world back to work: An expert system using big data and artificial intelligence in combating the spread of COVID-19 and similar contagious diseases

Work ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-572
Author(s):  
Said Tkatek ◽  
Amine Belmzoukia ◽  
Said Nafai ◽  
Jaafar Abouchabaka ◽  
Youssef Ibnou-ratib
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Expert System ◽  
Population Monitoring ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Contagious Diseases ◽  
The World ◽  
General Guide ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Back To Work

BACKGROUND: To combat COVID-19, curb the pandemic, and manage containment, governments around the world are turning to data collection and population monitoring for analysis and prediction. The massive data generated through the use of big data and artificial intelligence can play an important role in addressing this unprecedented global health and economic crisis. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this work is to develop an expert system that combines several solutions to combat COVID-19. The main solution is based on a new developed software called General Guide (GG) application. This expert system allows us to explore, monitor, forecast, and optimize the data collected in order to take an efficient decision to ensure the safety of citizens, forecast, and slow down the spread’s rate of COVID-19. It will also facilitate countries’ interventions and optimize resources. Moreover, other solutions can be integrated into this expert system, such as the automatic vehicle and passenger sanitizing system equipped with a thermal and smart High Definition (HD) cameras and multi-purpose drones which offer many services. All of these solutions will facilitate lifting COVID-19 restrictions and minimize the impact of this pandemic. METHODS: The methods used in this expert system will assist in designing and analyzing the model based on big data and artificial intelligence (machine learning). This can enhance countries’ abilities and tools in monitoring, combating, and predicting the spread of COVID-19. RESULTS: The results obtained by this prediction process and the use of the above mentioned solutions will help monitor, predict, generate indicators, and make operational decisions to stop the spread of COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS: This developed expert system can assist in stopping the spread of COVID-19 globally and putting the world back to work.

Impact of Louisiana’s HPV Vaccine Awareness Policy on HPV Vaccination Among 13- to 17-Year-Old Females

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 548-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dudith Pierre-Victor ◽  
Mary Jo Trepka ◽  
Timothy F. Page ◽  
Tan Li ◽  
Dionne P. Stephens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Physician Recommendation ◽  
Vaccination Rates ◽  
National Immunization ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Vaccine Information ◽  
The Impact

The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommends routine human papillomavirus (HPV) immunization for 11- to 12-year-old adolescents. In 2008, Louisiana required the school boards to distribute HPV vaccine information to parents or guardian of students in Grades 6 to 12. This article investigates the impact of this policy on HPV vaccination among 13- to 17-year-old female adolescents using National Immunization Survey-Teen (NIS-Teen) data. Drawing on the data from the 2008 to 2012 NIS-Teen, we compared the difference in proportions of females who have been vaccinated before and after the policy. Using difference-indifference estimation, we explored the change in vaccination rates before and after the policy implementation in Louisiana compared with Alabama and Mississippi, two states that did not have such a policy in place. The difference-in-differences estimates for HPV vaccination were not significant. Physician recommendation for HPV vaccination was significantly associated with vaccination among females in Louisiana and Alabama (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 7.74; 95% confidence interval [CI; 5.22, 11.5]), and for those in Louisiana and Mississippi (aOR = 7.05; 95% CI [4.6, 10.5]). Compared to the proportion of female adolescents who had received physician recommendation in Alabama or Mississippi, the proportion in Louisiana did not increase significantly in the postpolicy period. HPV vaccination rates did not increase significantly in Louisiana compared to Alabama or Mississippi following the implementation of the policy. Despite Louisiana’s policy, physician recommendation remains the key determinant of HPV vaccination. HPV vaccine awareness does not necessarily result in HPV vaccination.

scholarly journals Sister Ship Binding Clause as a Reinforcement of Debt Repayment Legal Certainty on Ship Mortgage

Yuridika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 501
Author(s):  
Fani Martiawan Kumara Putra
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Business Activity ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Marine Transportation ◽  
Significant Development ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
Sister Ship ◽  
The Impact ◽  
National Borders

The field of marine transportation plays a role that is not less important than land transportation in terms of economic development in Indonesia. As a result of globalization, business activity continues to increase, whether it is business in the field of marine transportation or outside the field, it is certainly undeniable that the activity requires a very large funds, which funds can be obtained by one way is to apply for credit/loans. Large amount of loans will only be given with the imposition of collateral as a further process. The imposition of collateral for large amount of loans may designate the ship as its collateral object by utilizing the Mortgage security agency. However, when the ship is being vetted on a voyage across national borders, the impact is when its debts mature, then the execution of such ship will be difficult, caused by the inadequate legal rules in Indonesia, and not all countries ratify the ship’s arrest convention. This study aims to provide a solution in order to achieve legal certainty of Mortgaged object execution that being across national borders for a significant development of shipping business. This research is normative research. The result obtained is the need of a clause in the Mortgage security document concerning the binding of sister ship with equal value, as the collateral object backup, when the execution of ship loaded with Mortgage security is unable to be done since it is located outside the state border.

scholarly journals Influence of social determinants of health and county vaccination rates on machine learning models to predict COVID-19 case growth in Tennessee

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. e100439
Author(s):  
Lukasz S Wylezinski ◽  
Coleman R Harris ◽  
Cody N Heiser ◽  
Jamieson D Gray ◽  
Charles F Spurlock
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Vaccination Rates ◽  
Data Framework ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Machine Learning Models

IntroductionThe SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic has exposed health disparities throughout the USA, particularly among racial and ethnic minorities. As a result, there is a need for data-driven approaches to pinpoint the unique constellation of clinical and social determinants of health (SDOH) risk factors that give rise to poor patient outcomes following infection in US communities.MethodsWe combined county-level COVID-19 testing data, COVID-19 vaccination rates and SDOH information in Tennessee. Between February and May 2021, we trained machine learning models on a semimonthly basis using these datasets to predict COVID-19 incidence in Tennessee counties. We then analyzed SDOH data features at each time point to rank the impact of each feature on model performance.ResultsOur results indicate that COVID-19 vaccination rates play a crucial role in determining future COVID-19 disease risk. Beginning in mid-March 2021, higher vaccination rates significantly correlated with lower COVID-19 case growth predictions. Further, as the relative importance of COVID-19 vaccination data features grew, demographic SDOH features such as age, race and ethnicity decreased while the impact of socioeconomic and environmental factors, including access to healthcare and transportation, increased.ConclusionIncorporating a data framework to track the evolving patterns of community-level SDOH risk factors could provide policy-makers with additional data resources to improve health equity and resilience to future public health emergencies.

scholarly journals Emphasize personal health benefits to boost COVID-19 vaccination rates

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (32) ◽  
pp. e2108225118
Author(s):  
Madison Ashworth ◽  
Linda Thunström ◽  
Todd L. Cherry ◽  
Stephen C. Newbold ◽  
David C. Finnoff
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Vaccine Safety ◽  
The United States ◽  
Personal Health ◽  
Vaccination Rates ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Multiple Messages ◽  
National Economies ◽  
The Impact

The rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines is a tremendous scientific response to the current global pandemic. However, vaccines per se do not save lives and restart economies. Their success depends on the number of people getting vaccinated. We used a survey experiment to examine the impact on vaccine intentions of a variety of public health messages identified as particularly promising: three messages that emphasize different benefits from the vaccines (personal health, the health of others, and the recovery of local and national economies) and one message that emphasizes vaccine safety. Because people will likely be exposed to multiple messages in the real world, we also examined the effect of these messages in combination. Based on a nationally quota representative sample of 3,048 adults in the United States, our findings suggest that several forms of public messages can increase vaccine intentions, but messaging that emphasizes personal health benefits had the largest impact.

scholarly journals Simulating the impact of vaccination rates on the initial stages of a COVID-19 outbreak in New Zealand (Aotearoa) with a stochastic model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leighton M Watson
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Stochastic Model ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Branching Process ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Vaccination Rate ◽  
Vaccination Rates ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Levels

Aim: The August 2021 COVID-19 outbreak in Auckland has caused the New Zealand government to transition from an elimination strategy to suppression, which relies heavily on high vaccination rates in the population. As restrictions are eased and as COVID-19 leaks through the Auckland boundary, there is a need to understand how different levels of vaccination will impact the initial stages of COVID-19 outbreaks that are seeded around the country. Method: A stochastic branching process model is used to simulate the initial spread of a COVID-19 outbreak for different vaccination rates. Results: High vaccination rates are effective at minimizing the number of infections and hospitalizations. Increasing vaccination rates from 20% (approximate value at the start of the August 2021 outbreak) to 80% (approximate proposed target) of the total population can reduce the median number of infections that occur within the first four weeks of an outbreak from 1011 to 14 (25th and 75th quantiles of 545-1602 and 2-32 for V=20% and V=80%, respectively). As the vaccination rate increases, the number of breakthrough infections (infections in fully vaccinated individuals) and hospitalizations of vaccinated individuals increases. Unvaccinated individuals, however, are 3.3x more likely to be infected with COVID-19 and 25x more likely to be hospitalized. Conclusion: This work demonstrates the importance of vaccination in protecting individuals from COVID-19, preventing high caseloads, and minimizing the number of hospitalizations and hence limiting the pressure on the healthcare system.

Use Of A Mobile Cart Influenza Program For Vaccination Of Hospital Employees

2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 918-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Sartor ◽  
Herve Tissot-Dupont ◽  
Christine Zandotti ◽  
Francoise Martin ◽  
Pierre Roques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Vaccination Rate ◽  
Associate Professor ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Vaccination Program ◽  
Vaccination Rates ◽  
Vaccination Acceptance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Haenszel Test

AbstractObjective:Rates of annual influenza vaccination of healthcare workers (HCWs) remained low in our university hospital. This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of a mobile cart influenza vaccination program on HCW vaccination.Methods:From 2000 to 2002, the employee health service continued its annual influenza vaccination program and the mobile cart program was implemented throughout the institution. This program offered influenza vaccination to all employees directly on the units. Each employee completed a questionnaire. Vaccination rates were analyzed using the Mantel–Haenszel test.Results:The program proposed vaccination to 50% to 56% of the employees. Among the nonvaccinated employees, 52% to 53% agreed to be vaccinated. The compliance with vaccination varied from 61% to 77% among physicians and medical students and from 38% to 55% among nurses and other employees. Vaccination of the chief or associate professor of the unit was associated with a higher vaccination rate of the medical staff (P < .01). Altogether, the vaccination program led to an increase in influenza vaccination among employees from 6% in 1998 and 7% in 1999 before the mobile cart program to 32% in 2000, 35% in 2001, and 32% in 2002 (P < .001).Conclusions:The mobile cart program was associated with a significantly increased vaccination acceptance. Our study was able to identify HCW groups for which the mobile cart was effective and highlight the role of the unit head in its success.

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