Self-reported health behaviour change in adults: analysis of the Canadian Community Health Survey 4.1

Introduction Knowledge of Canadians' experiences in making health behaviour changes (HBCs) in general, and among those at risk due to body mass index (BMI), would help inform health promotion / disease prevention programs. Selected self reported HBCs in the past 12 months by BMI category were examined in this secondary analysis of the Canadian Community Health Survey 4.1. These HBCs included increased sports/exercise, weight loss and improved eating habits. Barriers to HBC were also examined. Methods Descriptive analyses and forward stepwise logistic regression were completed on data from respondents 18 years and older. Self-reported BMI was corrected by the method of Connor Gorber et al. (2008). Results Our final sample was n = 111 449. Overall, 58% of respondents had made an HBC, with increased sports/exercise as the most important HBC in 29% of the sample, followed by improved eating habits (10%) and weight loss (7%). Half (51%) experienced barriers to HBC; lack of will power was most commonly cited, followed by work and family responsibilities. Obese respondents reported HBC more frequently than normal-weight respondents (60% vs. 55%), but the prevalence of increased sports/ exercise and improved eating habits was similar across BMI categories. Regression models accounted for only 6%-10% of the total variance. Conclusion That a majority of respondents had made at least one HBC bodes well for positively shifting population health. Additional work to further characterize the population, and to improve on population indicators, is needed to assess the impact of health promotion/disease prevention efforts. These findings provide important first population benchmarks for future work.

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Self-Reported Health Behaviour Change in Adults: Analysis of the Canadian Community Health Survey 4.1

Canadian Journal of Diabetes ◽

10.1016/j.jcjd.2015.01.257 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 39 ◽

pp. S68

Author(s):

Carol Haberman ◽

Paula Brauer ◽

John Dwyer ◽

Michelle Edwards

Keyword(s):

Community Health ◽

Behaviour Change ◽

Health Survey ◽

Health Behaviour ◽

Canadian Community Health Survey ◽

Health Behaviour Change ◽

Community Health Survey ◽

Reported Health

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Associations between Depression and Health Behaviour Change: Findings from 8 Cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey

The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/0706743718772523 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 30-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zahra M. Clayborne ◽

Ian Colman

Keyword(s):

Community Health ◽

Behaviour Change ◽

Health Survey ◽

Health Behaviour ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Canadian Community Health Survey ◽

Health Behaviour Change ◽

Barriers To Change ◽

Community Health Survey ◽

Behaviour Changes

Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to examine associations between depression and several measures of health behaviour change across 8 cycles of a population-based, cross-sectional survey of Canadians. The secondary objective of this study was to describe the prevalence of the types of health behaviour changes undergone/sought and types of barriers to change reported, comparing those with and without depression. Methods: The sample comprised 65,801 respondents to the Canadian Community Health Survey between 2007 and 2014. Past-year depression was assessed via structured interview (CIDI-SF). Measures of health behaviour change included recent changes made, desire to make changes, and barriers towards making changes. Analyses involved logistic regression, with estimates across cycles pooled using fixed-effects meta-analyses. Pooled prevalences of types of health behaviour changes undergone/sought and types of barriers to change experienced were reported, and associations with depression were examined. Results: Depression was associated with higher odds of reporting a recent health behaviour change (pooled odds ratio [OR] = 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30 to 1.48), desire to make health behaviour changes (pooled OR = 1.61; 95% CI, 1.49 to 1.74), and barriers towards change (pooled OR = 1.54; 95% CI, 1.44 to 1.65). The most common change undergone and sought was increased exercise; the most common barrier reported was a lack of willpower. Conclusions: Individuals dealing with depression are more likely to report recent health behaviour changes and the desire to make changes but are also more likely to report barriers towards change.

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Gambling and Problem Gambling in Canada in 2018: Prevalence and Changes Since 2002: Le Jeu et le Jeu Problématique au Canada en 2018 : Prévalence et Changements Depuis 2002

The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/0706743720980080 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 070674372098008

Author(s):

Robert J. Williams ◽

Carrie A. Leonard ◽

Yale D. Belanger ◽

Darren R. Christensen ◽

Nady el-Guebaly ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Problem Gambling ◽

Community Health ◽

Health Survey ◽

Canadian Community Health Survey ◽

Problem Gamblers ◽

Type Of Gambling ◽

Community Health Survey ◽

Electronic Gambling ◽

Time Periods ◽

Electronic Gambling Machine

Objective: The purpose of this study was to provide an updated profile of gambling and problem gambling in Canada and to examine how the rates and pattern of participation compare to 2002. Method: An assessment of gambling and problem gambling was included in the 2018 Canadian Community Health Survey and administered to 24,982 individuals aged 15 and older. The present analyses selected for adults (18+). Results: A total of 66.2% of people reported engaging in some type of gambling in 2018, primarily lottery and/or raffle tickets, the only type in which the majority of Canadians participate. There are some significant interprovincial differences, with perhaps the most important one being the higher rate of electronic gambling machine (EGM) participation in Manitoba and Saskatchewan. The overall pattern of gambling in 2018 is very similar to 2002, although participation is generally much lower in 2018, particularly for EGMs and bingo. Only 0.6% of the population were identified as problem gamblers in 2018, with an additional 2.7% being at-risk gamblers. There is no significant interprovincial variation in problem gambling rates. The interprovincial pattern of problem gambling in 2018 is also very similar to what was found in 2002 with the main difference being a 45% decrease in the overall prevalence of problem gambling. Conclusions: Gambling and problem gambling have both decreased in Canada from 2002 to 2018 although the provincial patterns are quite similar between the 2 time periods. Several mechanisms have likely collectively contributed to these declines. Decreases have also been reported in several other Western countries in recent years and have occurred despite the expansion of legal gambling opportunities, suggesting a degree of inoculation or adaptation in the population.

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Determinants of food insecurity among elderly people: findings from the Canadian Community Health Survey

Ageing and Society ◽

10.1017/s0144686x20002081 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Moses Mosonsieyiri Kansanga ◽

Yujiro Sano ◽

Isaac Bayor ◽

Joseph Asumah Braimah ◽

Abraham Marshall Nunbogu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Food Insecurity ◽

Community Health ◽

Elderly People ◽

Health Survey ◽

Policy Issue ◽

Integrated Approach ◽

Canadian Community Health Survey ◽

Health Concern ◽

Community Health Survey

Abstract Food insecurity among elderly people is a major public health concern due to its association with several health conditions. Despite growing research and implementation of diverse income-based policy measures, food insecurity among elderly people remains a major policy issue in Canada. Additional research could inform food policy beyond strategies that target improving the financial resources of elderly people. Drawing data from the Canadian Community Health Survey (N = 24,930), we explored the correlates of food insecurity among older adults using negative log-log logistic regression techniques. Our findings show that certain categories of elderly people are more prone to food insecurity. These segments include seniors who are visible minorities (OR = 1.29, p < 0.01), live alone (OR = 1.13, p < 0.05), have a very weak sense of community belonging (OR = 1.40, p < 0.001), in poor physical health (OR = 1.20, p < 0.01), and those in lower age and income categories. These findings corroborate previous studies that demonstrate that food insecurity among elderly people is a complex phenomenon influenced by diverse socio-economic factors. In Canada, food security policies targeted at elderly people have largely prioritised poverty alleviation through income support programmes. While these programmes can improve the purchasing power of elderly people, they may not be sufficient in ensuring food security. There is a need to embrace and further investigate an integrated approach that pays attention to other contextual socio-economic dynamics.

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