scholarly journals At-a-glance - Cancer trends in Canada, 1984 to 2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 310-314
Author(s):  
Alain A. Demers ◽  
Darren R. Brenner ◽  
Leah Smith ◽  
Amanda Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Cancer Statistics ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Trends Over Time ◽  
Cancer Trends ◽  
Over Time

Examining incidence trends of all cancers combined in order to understand cancer trends can be misleading, as patterns can vary across individual cancer types. This paper highlights findings on trends over time from Canadian Cancer Statistics 2019, as measured by the annual percent change (APC) of age-standardized incidence rates. Among the results were a recent increase in thyroid cancer in males (APC: 6.4%, 1997–2015), as well as decreases in prostate cancer (APC: −9.1%, 2011–2015) and cervical cancer (APC: −3.3%, 2010–2015).

25-Year Trends in Stage-Specific Incidence Rates for Bladder Cancer in a Large Statewide Registry

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-451
Author(s):  
Justin Loloi ◽  
Yu-Kuan Lin ◽  
Fabian Camacho ◽  
Eugene Lengerich ◽  
Jay D. Raman
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
The State ◽  
Distant Disease ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
The Past ◽  
Study Interval ◽  
Trends Over Time ◽  
Over Time

BACKGROUND: Bladder cancer (BC) is a common genitourinary malignancy with over 80,000 new cases diagnosed annually and over 17,000 associated deaths. OBJECTIVE: We review 25-years of BC incidence (1993-2017) within the state of Pennsylvania to better define incidence, geographic distribution, and trends over time. METHODS: The Pennsylvania Cancer Registry was reviewed for statewide and component county age-adjusted BC incidence rates and stage distribution. Chloropleth maps plotting statewide and county-specific incidence rates across time were created using the GeoDa statistical package. RESULTS: 93,476 cases of BC were recorded in Pennsylvania from 1993 to 2017. Age-adjusted annual rates of BC over the study interval were stable at 24.5 patients per 100,000 (range, 22.7–25.6). However, annual rates of distant disease increased from 0.5 to 1.1 patients per 100,000 (p < 0.001) with an average percent change increase of 6.6% over the study interval. The annual percent distribution of distant disease doubled from 2.3% to 5.1% (p < 0.001) with a greater increase in women compared to men. Chloropleth maps highlighted growing “hot spots” of bladder cancer incidence in the northwestern, northeastern, and southeastern portions of the state. CONCLUSIONS: While BC incidence in the state of Pennsylvania has remained relatively stable over the past 25 years, a concerning increase in distant disease was observed. Geospatial investigation implicates higher risk regions. Further studies are necessary to delineate the underlying etiologies for these observations.

scholarly journals Melanoma Incidence Among Non-Hispanic Whites in All 50 US States From 2001 Through 2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 533-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron P Thrift ◽  
Franciska J Gudenkauf
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
The United States ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
Melanoma Incidence

Abstract Background The United States has large regional variation in primary prevention campaigns for skin cancer. We collected data from all 50 states to examine changes in melanoma incidence and performed age-period-cohort analyses to describe the simultaneous effects of age, period, and cohort on incidence rates. Methods Annual melanoma incidence rates for non-Hispanic whites from 2001 to 2015 were extracted from the US Cancer Statistics registry. Secular trends were examined overall and by sex and state. We used joinpoint regression to compute annual percent change and average annual percent change and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We also analyzed incidence trends by 5-year age group and birth cohort using incidence rate ratios and age-period-cohort modeling. Results Melanoma incidence increased from 20.7 per 100 000 (95% CI = 20.5 to 20.9) in 2001 to 28.2 per 100 000 (95% CI = 28.0 to 28.5) in 2015, increasing by 3.90% (95% CI = 2.36% to 5.48%) annually between 2001 and 2005 and 1.68% (95% CI = 1.37% to 1.99%) annually from 2005 through 2015. The average annual percent change in melanoma incidence rates were similar for men (2.34%, 95% CI = 1.91 to 2.78) and women (2.25%, 95% CI = 1.60 to 2.91). Age-specific relative risk by birth cohort increased from circa 1921 to 1981 before decreasing. Compared with adults born circa 1956, those born circa 1991 had lower melanoma risk (incidence rate ratio  = 0.85; 95% CI = 0.77 to 0.94). Geographic variation was observed; some states still have melanoma rates trending upwards in all birth cohorts. Conclusions The continued increase in melanoma incidence among non-Hispanic whites, particularly in states where rates continue to rise among recent and current birth cohorts, underscores the need for increased public health campaigns aimed at reducing sun exposure.

scholarly journals Incidence trends, rates, and ethnic variations of primary CNS tumors in Texas from 1995 to 2013

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon N Ambe ◽  
Kristopher A Lyon ◽  
Damir Nizamutdinov ◽  
Ekokobe Fonkem
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
American Indians ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Cns Tumors ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Percent Change

Abstract Background Although rare, primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Texas is a representative sample of the United States population given its large population, ethnic disparities, geographic variations, and socio-economic differences. This study used Texas data to determine if variations in incidence trends and rates exist among different ethnicities in Texas. Methods Data from the Texas Cancer Registry from 1995 to 2013 were examined. Joinpoint Regression Program software was used to obtain the incidence trends and SEER*Stat software was used to produce average annual age-adjusted incidence rates for both nonmalignant and malignant tumors in Texas from 2009 to 2013. Results The incidence trend of malignant primary CNS tumors in whites was stable from 1995 to 2002, after which the annual percent change decreased by 0.99% through 2013 (95% CI, -1.4, -0.5; P = .04). Blacks and Asian/Pacific Islanders showed unchanged incidence trends from 1995 to 2013. Hispanics had an annual percent change of -0.83 (95% CI, -1.4, -0.2; P = .009) per year from 1995 through 2013. From 2009 to 2013, the incidence rates of nonmalignant and malignant primary CNS tumors were highest among blacks, followed by whites, Hispanics, Asians, and American Indians/Alaskan Natives. Conclusions Consistent with the 2016 Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States report, the black population in Texas showed the highest total incidence of CNS tumors of any other race studied. Many factors have been proposed to account for the observed differences in incidence rate including geography, socioeconomic factors, and poverty factors, although the evidence for these external factors is lacking.

scholarly journals Incidence rates and contemporary trends in primary urethral cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Wenzel ◽  
Luigi Nocera ◽  
Claudia Collà Ruvolo ◽  
Christoph Würnschimmel ◽  
Zhe Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Histological Subtype ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
Log Linear ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Purpose We assessed contemporary incidence rates and trends of primary urethral cancer. Methods We identified urethral cancer patients within Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results registry (SEER, 2004–2016). Age-standardized incidence rates per 1,000,000 (ASR) were calculated. Log linear regression analyses were used to compute average annual percent change (AAPC). Results From 2004 to 2016, 1907 patients with urethral cancer were diagnosed (ASR 1.69; AAPC: -0.98%, p = 0.3). ASR rates were higher in males than in females (2.70 vs. 0.55), respectively and did not change over the time (both p = 0.3). Highest incidence rates were recorded in respectively ≥75 (0.77), 55–74 (0.71) and ≤54 (0.19) years of age categories, in that order. African Americans exhibited highest incidence rate (3.33) followed by Caucasians (1.72), other race groups (1.57) and Hispanics (1.57), in that order. A significant decrease occurred over time in Hispanics, but not in other race groups. In African Americans, male and female sex-stratified incidence rates were higher than in any other race group. Urothelial histological subtype exhibited highest incidence rate (0.92), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (0.41), adenocarcinoma (0.29) and other histologies (0.20). In stage stratified analyses, T1N0M0 stage exhibited highest incidence rate. However, it decreased over time (−3.00%, p = 0.02) in favor of T1-4N1-2M0 stage (+ 2.11%, p = 0.02). Conclusion Urethral cancer is rare. Its incidence rates are highest in males, elderly patients, African Americans and in urothelial histological subtype. Most urethral cancer cases are T1N0M0, but over time, the incidence of T1N0M0 decreased in favor of T1-4N1-2M0.

scholarly journals Incidence rates and contemporary trends in primary urethral cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Wenzel ◽  
Luigi Nocera ◽  
Claudia Collà Ruvolo ◽  
Christoph Würnschimmel ◽  
Zhe Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Histological Subtype ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
Log Linear ◽  
Incident Cases ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Purpose: We assessed contemporary incidence rates and trends of primary urethral cancer. Methods: We identified urethral cancer patients within Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results registry (SEER, 2004–2016). Age-standardized incidence rates per 1,000,000 (ASR) were calculated. Log linear regression analyses were used to compute average annual percent change (AAPC). Results: From 2004–2016, 1,907 patients with urethral cancer were diagnosed (ASR 1.69; AAPC: -0.98%, p = 0.3). ASR rates were higher in males than in females (2.70 vs. 0.55), respectively and did not change over the time (both p = 0.3). Highest incidence rates were recorded in respectively ≥ 75 (0.77), 55–74 (0.71) and ≤ 54 (0.19) years of age categories, in that order. African Americans exhibited highest incidence rate (3.33) followed by Caucasians (1.72), other race groups (1.57) and Hispanics (1.57), in that order. A significant decrease occurred over time in Hispanics, but not in other race groups. In African Americans, male and female sex-stratified incidence rates were higher than in any other race group. Urothelial histological subtype exhibited highest incidence rate (0.92), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (0.41), adenocarcinoma (0.29) and other histologies (0.20). In stage stratified analyses, T1N0M0 stage exhibited highest incidence rate. However, it decreased over time (-3.00%, p = 0.02) in favor of T1 − 4N1 − 2M0 stage (+ 2.11%, p = 0.02). Conclusion: Urethral cancer is rare. Its incidence rates are highest in males, elderly patients, African Americans and in urothelial histological subtype. Most incident cases are T1N0M0, but over time, the incidence of T1N0M0 decreased in favor of T1 − 4N1 − 2M0.

scholarly journals Trends in Incidence and Mortality of Skin Melanoma in Lithuania 1991–2015

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4165
Author(s):  
Audrius Dulskas ◽  
Dovile Cerkauskaite ◽  
Ieva Vincerževskiene ◽  
Vincas Urbonas
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Skin Melanoma ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
European Standard Population ◽  
Age Adjusted Rates

Background. We aimed to investigate age-specific and sex-specific incidence trends of melanoma in Lithuania from 1991 to 2015. Methods. Analysis was based on data from the population-based Lithuanian Cancer Registry database for 1991–2015, and 6024 cases of skin melanoma were identified. Age-adjusted rates (ASRs) by sex and age group were calculated. Adjustment for ASRs was done using the old European standard population, where a total of three age groups were considered: 0–39, 40–59 and 60+. Additionally, the annual percent change (APC) was calculated, and 95% confidence intervals for APC were calculated. Results. Between 1991 and 2015, the overall melanoma rates increased by an annual percent change (APC) of 3.9% in men (95% CI, 3.6–4.1%) and 2.3% in women (95% CI, 2.1–2.5%). The highest incidences of new cutaneous melanoma cases were observed between old adults (60+) of both sexes, while the lowest incidence rates were observed in the young adult group (up to 39 years old), with the lowest APC (1.6% in males and 0.4% in females). The overall number of melanoma deaths during 1991 and 2015 increased from 64 to 103 deaths per year, and the age-standardized rate (ASR) increased 1.3 times (from 1.8 to 2.4). Conclusions. The incidence and mortality of skin melanoma seem to be increased in all age groups. These trends indicate that skin protection behavior is not sufficient in our population and more efforts need to be taken in order to decrease incidence and mortality rates.

Use of hospice services among Medicare beneficiaries with acute and chronic leukemias.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (31_suppl) ◽  
pp. 68-68
Author(s):  
Thomas William LeBlanc ◽  
Adam J. Olszewski
Keyword(s):  
Quality Measures ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Medicare Beneficiaries ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
Binomial Regression ◽  
Hospice Use ◽  
Eol Care ◽  
Over Time

68 Background: Studies show lower rates of hospice use among patients (pts) with hematologic malignancies. Our objective was to describe trends in hospice use and in quality measures for end-of-life (EOL) care among Medicare beneficiaries with leukemias. Methods: From the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare linked database, we selected pts with acute (myeloid or lymphoblastic) or chronic (lymphocytic, myeloid, or myelomonocytic) leukemias diagnosed in 1996-2011 who died in 2001-2011. We identified hospice enrollment at death, duration of hospice enrollment, inpatient deaths, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions within 30 days of death, and chemotherapy use in the last 14 days of life. We summarized linearized trends by year of death using log-binomial regression, reporting average annual percent change (APC). Results: Among 38,038 leukemia pts (41% acute, median age 78 years) 81% died, after median 2.8 months from diagnosis (95%CI, 2.7-2.9) for acute and 49.1 months (95%CI, 47.9-50.1) for chronic leukemias. Among pts who died in 2001-2011 ( N= 23,941), 42% were enrolled in hospice at the time of death. This proportion significantly increased between 2001 and 2011, from 33% to 48% (APC +4.1%, P< .001), both for acute and chronic leukemias ( Pinteraction= .25). Median time on hospice was 8 days, and the proportion of pts with < 3 days on hospice increased from 20% to 24% between 2001 and 2001 (APC +1.2%, P= .05). Inpatient deaths significantly decreased from 54% to 39%, respectively (APC -3.2%, P< .001), but ICU use at EOL increased from 34% to 41% (APC +2.4%, P< .001). Chemotherapy use at EOL was more frequent in acute (17%) than chronic (6%) leukemia, and decreased for both (overall from 15% to 10%, APC -3.2%, P< .001). Conclusions: The use of hospice services among older pts with leukemia has increased, suggesting its wider acceptance over time. However, the increasing proportion of brief, terminal hospice admissions, and increasing rate of ICU use at EOL reflect persistent barriers to early enrollment in this population. Some measures of aggressiveness of care (inpatient deaths, chemotherapy at EOL) are lower in the community than previously reported from academic centers (El-Jawahri, Cancer 2015).

scholarly journals Increasing Prevalence and Stable Incidence Rates of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Among First Nations: Population-Based Evidence From a Western Canadian Province

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Nicolás Peña-Sánchez ◽  
Jessica Amankwah Osei ◽  
Jose Diego Marques Santos ◽  
Derek Jennings ◽  
Mustafa Andkhoie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Canadian Province ◽  
Trends Over Time ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background There is limited to no evidence of the prevalence and incidence rates of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) among Indigenous peoples. In partnership with Indigenous patients and family advocates, we aimed to estimate the prevalence, incidence, and trends over time of IBD among First Nations (FNs) since 1999 in the Western Canadian province of Saskatchewan. Methods We conducted a retrospective population-based study linking provincial administrative health data from the 1999-2000 to 2016-2017 fiscal years. An IBD case definition requiring multiple health care contacts was used. The prevalence and incidence data were modeled using generalized linear models and a negative binomial distribution. Models considered the effect of age groups, sex, diagnosis type (ulcerative colitis [UC], Crohn disease [CD]), and fiscal years to estimate prevalence and incidence rates and trends over time. Results The prevalence of IBD among FNs increased from 64/100,000 (95% confidence interval [CI], 62-66) in 1999-2000 to 142/100,000 (95% CI, 140-144) people in 2016-2017, with an annual average increase of 4.2% (95% CI, 3.2%-5.2%). Similarly, the prevalence of UC and CD, respectively, increased by 3.4% (95% CI, 2.3%-4.6%) and 4.1% (95% CI, 3.3%-4.9%) per year. In contrast, the incidence rates of IBD, UC, and CD among FNs depicted stable trends over time; no statistically significant changes were observed in the annual change trend tests. The ratio of UC to CD was 1.71. Conclusions We provided population-based evidence of the increasing prevalence and stable incidence rates of IBD among FNs. Further studies are needed in other regions to continue understanding the patterns of IBD among Indigenous peoples.

scholarly journals Current and Future Burden of Prostate Cancer in Songkhla, Thailand: Analysis of Incidence and Mortality Trends From 1990 to 2030

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian S. Alvarez ◽  
Shama Virani ◽  
Rafael Meza ◽  
Laura S. Rozek ◽  
Hutcha Sriplung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Using Data

Purpose Prostate cancer is the second most common malignancy among men worldwide, and it poses a significant public health burden that has traditionally been limited mostly to developed countries. However, the burden of the disease is expected to increase, affecting developing countries, including Thailand. We undertook an analysis to investigate current and future trends of prostate cancer in the province of Songkhla, Thailand, using data from the Songkhla Cancer Registry from 1990 to 2013. Methods Joinpoint regression analysis was used to examine trends in age-adjusted incidence and mortality rates of prostate cancer and provide estimated annual percent change (EAPC) with 95% CIs. Age-period-cohort (APC) models were used to assess the effect of age, calendar year, and birth cohort on incidence and mortality rates. Three different methods (Joinpoint, Nordpred, and APC) were used to project trends from 2013 to 2030. Results Eight hundred fifty-five cases of prostate cancer were diagnosed from 1990 to 2013 in Songkhla, Thailand. The incidence rates of prostate cancer significantly increased since 1990 at an EAPC of 4.8% (95% CI, 3.6% to 5.9%). Similarly, mortality rates increased at an EAPC of 5.3% (95% CI, 3.4% to 7.2%). The APC models suggest that birth cohort is the most important factor driving the increased incidence and mortality rates of prostate cancer. Future incidence and mortality of prostate cancer are projected to continue to increase, doubling the rates observed in 2013 by 2030. Conclusion It is critical to allocate resources to provide care for the men who will be affected by this increase in prostate cancer incidence in Songkhla, Thailand, and to design context-appropriate interventions to prevent its increasing burden.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document