Melanoma Incidence Among Non-Hispanic Whites in All 50 US States From 2001 Through 2015

Abstract Background The United States has large regional variation in primary prevention campaigns for skin cancer. We collected data from all 50 states to examine changes in melanoma incidence and performed age-period-cohort analyses to describe the simultaneous effects of age, period, and cohort on incidence rates. Methods Annual melanoma incidence rates for non-Hispanic whites from 2001 to 2015 were extracted from the US Cancer Statistics registry. Secular trends were examined overall and by sex and state. We used joinpoint regression to compute annual percent change and average annual percent change and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We also analyzed incidence trends by 5-year age group and birth cohort using incidence rate ratios and age-period-cohort modeling. Results Melanoma incidence increased from 20.7 per 100 000 (95% CI = 20.5 to 20.9) in 2001 to 28.2 per 100 000 (95% CI = 28.0 to 28.5) in 2015, increasing by 3.90% (95% CI = 2.36% to 5.48%) annually between 2001 and 2005 and 1.68% (95% CI = 1.37% to 1.99%) annually from 2005 through 2015. The average annual percent change in melanoma incidence rates were similar for men (2.34%, 95% CI = 1.91 to 2.78) and women (2.25%, 95% CI = 1.60 to 2.91). Age-specific relative risk by birth cohort increased from circa 1921 to 1981 before decreasing. Compared with adults born circa 1956, those born circa 1991 had lower melanoma risk (incidence rate ratio = 0.85; 95% CI = 0.77 to 0.94). Geographic variation was observed; some states still have melanoma rates trending upwards in all birth cohorts. Conclusions The continued increase in melanoma incidence among non-Hispanic whites, particularly in states where rates continue to rise among recent and current birth cohorts, underscores the need for increased public health campaigns aimed at reducing sun exposure.

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Incidence trends, rates, and ethnic variations of primary CNS tumors in Texas from 1995 to 2013

Neuro-Oncology Practice ◽

10.1093/nop/npx030 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 154-160 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Solomon N Ambe ◽

Kristopher A Lyon ◽

Damir Nizamutdinov ◽

Ekokobe Fonkem

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

American Indians ◽

Large Population ◽

Ethnic Disparities ◽

The United States ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Cns Tumors ◽

Annual Percent Change ◽

Incidence Trends ◽

Percent Change

Abstract Background Although rare, primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Texas is a representative sample of the United States population given its large population, ethnic disparities, geographic variations, and socio-economic differences. This study used Texas data to determine if variations in incidence trends and rates exist among different ethnicities in Texas. Methods Data from the Texas Cancer Registry from 1995 to 2013 were examined. Joinpoint Regression Program software was used to obtain the incidence trends and SEER*Stat software was used to produce average annual age-adjusted incidence rates for both nonmalignant and malignant tumors in Texas from 2009 to 2013. Results The incidence trend of malignant primary CNS tumors in whites was stable from 1995 to 2002, after which the annual percent change decreased by 0.99% through 2013 (95% CI, -1.4, -0.5; P = .04). Blacks and Asian/Pacific Islanders showed unchanged incidence trends from 1995 to 2013. Hispanics had an annual percent change of -0.83 (95% CI, -1.4, -0.2; P = .009) per year from 1995 through 2013. From 2009 to 2013, the incidence rates of nonmalignant and malignant primary CNS tumors were highest among blacks, followed by whites, Hispanics, Asians, and American Indians/Alaskan Natives. Conclusions Consistent with the 2016 Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States report, the black population in Texas showed the highest total incidence of CNS tumors of any other race studied. Many factors have been proposed to account for the observed differences in incidence rate including geography, socioeconomic factors, and poverty factors, although the evidence for these external factors is lacking.

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Incidence trends of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors in the United States from 1975 to 2012.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2018.36.4_suppl.231 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (4_suppl) ◽

pp. 231-231

Author(s):

Mi Ri Lee ◽

Cynthia Harris ◽

Kiwoon Joshua Baeg ◽

Juan P. Wisnivesky ◽

Michelle Kang Kim

Keyword(s):

The United States ◽

Population Based ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Birth Cohorts ◽

Annual Percent Change ◽

Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽

Incidence Trends ◽

The Us ◽

Population Based Registry ◽

Adjusted Incidence

231 Background: Although multiple studies document a rise in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (GEP-NET) incidence over the past several decades, there are limited national data regarding recent trends. Using a population-based registry, we evaluated GEP-NET incidence trends in the US population from 1975-2012 by age and calendar year at diagnosis and year of birth. Methods: GEP-NET cases between 1975-2012 were identified from the most recent version of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry based on histologic and site codes. We calculated overall annual incidence, age-adjusted incidence (number of cases per 100,000), annual percent change (APC), and average APC by 5 year age intervals. We also evaluated the incidence rates by age, period, and birth year cohorts. Results: We identified 22,744 patients with GEP-NETs. In adults age 25-39 years, GEP-NET incidence rates declined from the mid 1970s to early 1980s, then increased until 2012 (Table 1). In adults age 40 and older and between ages 15-24 years, incidence rates generally increased continuously from 1975 to 2012. Adults age 40-69 years demonstrated the most rapid increases in average APC, approximately 4-6% per year. Overall incidence rates were highest in adults age 70-84 years. Since the late 1880s, GEP-NET incidence has increased in consecutive birth cohorts. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that more recent generations have had higher incidence rates than more distant generations. In addition, GEP-NETs are more common among older adults and the number of GEP NETs has increased in past decades. [Table: see text]

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Incidence trends for human papillomavirus-related (HPV-R) and unrelated (HPV-U) head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) in the United States (US)

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.6001 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽

pp. 6001-6001 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

A. Chaturvedi ◽

E. Engels ◽

W. Anderson ◽

M. Gillison

Keyword(s):

The United States ◽

Underlying Disease ◽

Birth Cohorts ◽

Anatomic Site ◽

Annual Percent Change ◽

Absolute Increase ◽

Incidence Trends ◽

The Us ◽

Smoking Behaviors ◽

Regional Disease

6001 Background: HNSCC are etiologically heterogeneous, with one subset primarily attributable to HPV and another to tobacco and alcohol. Methods: Data from SEER9 program registries were used to investigate the potential influence of HPV on incidence and survival of HNSCC in the US from 1973–2003. HNSCCs (N=58,158) were classified by anatomic site as potentially HPV-R (base of tongue; tonsil; oropharynx; N=16,712) or HPV-U (lip; tongue; gum; floor of mouth; palate; other mouth; hypopharynx; ill-defined sites of lip, oral cavity, and pharynx; N=41,446). Joinpoint regression was used to assess incidence trends and life-table methods were used to compare survival for HPV-R and HPV-U HNSCCs. Results: For HPV-R HNSCCs, age-adjusted incidence increased significantly from 1973–2003 (annual percent change [APC] = 0.65), particularly among males (APC=1.02), whites (APC=0.89), and younger ages (APCs for 30–39 = 1.46; 40- 49=1.92; 50–59=0.61, and =60= -0.66). By contrast, HPV-U HNSCC incidence was stable from 1973–1983 and then decreased significantly from 1983–2003 (APC= -2.42). Mean age at diagnosis was younger for HPV-R HNSCC than HPV-U (61.1 vs. 64.5 years; p<0.001), and from 1973- 2003, decreased significantly for HPV-R, but increased for HPV-U. Improvements in overall survival (OS) were observed for HPV-R (all stages) and HPV-U (regional and distant) HNSCC treated by radiotherapy (RT) from 1973–2003, but were more marked for HPV-R HNSCC, e.g. absolute increase in two-year OS for regional disease of 24.4% (vs. 5.8% for HPV-U). OS for HPV-R (local and regional) was significantly better than HPV-U HNSCC if treated by RT, but worse if not so treated. Conclusions: The proportion of HNSCC that is potentially HPV- R increased in the US from 1973–2003, particularly among recent birth cohorts, perhaps due to changing sexual and smoking behaviors. Recent improvements in locoregional control with RT-based therapy may be due in part to a gradual shift in the etiology of the underlying disease. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Trends in the Incidence of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma in All 50 United States Examined Through an Age-Period-Cohort Analysis

JNCI Cancer Spectrum ◽

10.1093/jncics/pkaa033 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Wilson L da Costa ◽

Abiodun O Oluyomi ◽

Aaron P Thrift

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽

Cohort Analysis ◽

The United States ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽

Birth Cohorts ◽

Men And Women ◽

Cancer Statistics ◽

Incidence Trends

Abstract Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is a major contributor to cancer-related mortality in the United States. We aimed to investigate trends in incidence rates from all 50 states from 2001 to 2016, overall and by race, sex, and state and using age-period-cohort analyses. Methods Age-adjusted incidence rates and trends in adults aged 35 years and older were calculated using data from the US Cancer Statistics registry. We used joinpoint regression to compute annual percent changes (APC) and average annual percent changes. We also analyzed incidence trends by age groups and birth cohorts through age-period-cohort modeling. Results Age-standardized incidence rates increased by 1.23% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.92% to 1.54%) annually between 2001 and 2008 but were stable between 2008 and 2016 (APC = 0.11%, 95% CI = -0.13% to 0.35%). APCs and inflection points were no different for men and women. Rates increased statistically significantly among non-Hispanic whites (NHW) and non-Hispanic blacks between 2001 and 2007 and between 2001 and 2008, respectively, but, in later years, rates increased slowly among NHWs (APC = 0.36%, 95% CI = 0.12% to 0.60%), and were stable among non-Hispanic blacks (APC = -0.40%, 95% CI = -0.89% to 0.10%). The number of states with age-standardized incidence rates no less than 20.4 per 100 000 increased from 16 in 2001–2003 to 40 by 2015–2016. We found a strong birth cohort effect in both men and women and increasing rates among successive birth cohorts of NHWs. Conclusions The incidence of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma has consistently increased in the United States, albeit at slower rates recently. We observed notable increases among NHWs and in some states in the central and southern part of the country.

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Chronic myeloid leukemia incidence trends among Caucasians in the United States.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.e17005 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e17005-e17005

Author(s):

Rakesh Mandal ◽

Binay Kumar Shah

Keyword(s):

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia ◽

Incidence Rate ◽

Myeloid Leukemia ◽

Age Groups ◽

The United States ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Background Information ◽

Incidence Trends ◽

Caucasian Women ◽

Adjusted Incidence

e17005 Background: Information on trend of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) incidence rate is scant. This study was conducted to evaluate the time trends of CML incidence rates among Caucasians in the U.S. Methods: We used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program to extract annual age-adjusted incidence rates of CML from 1973-2008 for <60yr and >60yr age groups classified by gender. Trends of incidence rates were evaluated using the National Cancer Institute’s Joinpoint Regression Program (v 3.5.2). The maximum number of joinpoints used was 4. The annual percentage change (APC %) for the final selected joinpoint model for each cohort is shown in the table. Results: The annual age-adjusted CML incidence rates for 1973 vs. 2008 were 0.72/0.67, 5.67/4.47, 0.93/0.67, and 10.5/8.5 per 100,000 population for the 4 cohorts: women (<60yr, >60yr) and men (<60yr, >60yr), respectively. Among Caucasian women (>60yr), the incidence rate decreased significantly from 5.58/100,000 in 2001 to 4.47/100,000 in 2008 (APC= -3.08, CI -5.8 to -0.3, p = 0.004). The incidence trend from 1973-2001 was stable for this cohort (APC=0.1, CI -0.3 to 0.5). The incidence trends among women <60yr, men <60yr, and men >60yr were stable from 1973-2008. Conclusions: The annual age-adjusted incidence rates of chronic myeloid leukemia among older (>60 year) Caucasian women has declined sharply from 2001-2008. The rate change is unexplained. It may help generate hypotheses regarding risk factors for CML. [Table: see text]

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Incidence rates and contemporary trends in primary urethral cancer

Cancer Causes & Control ◽

10.1007/s10552-021-01416-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mike Wenzel ◽

Luigi Nocera ◽

Claudia Collà Ruvolo ◽

Christoph Würnschimmel ◽

Zhe Tian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

African Americans ◽

Incidence Rate ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Histological Subtype ◽

Annual Percent Change ◽

Male And Female ◽

Percent Change ◽

Log Linear ◽

Over Time

Abstract Purpose We assessed contemporary incidence rates and trends of primary urethral cancer. Methods We identified urethral cancer patients within Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results registry (SEER, 2004–2016). Age-standardized incidence rates per 1,000,000 (ASR) were calculated. Log linear regression analyses were used to compute average annual percent change (AAPC). Results From 2004 to 2016, 1907 patients with urethral cancer were diagnosed (ASR 1.69; AAPC: -0.98%, p = 0.3). ASR rates were higher in males than in females (2.70 vs. 0.55), respectively and did not change over the time (both p = 0.3). Highest incidence rates were recorded in respectively ≥75 (0.77), 55–74 (0.71) and ≤54 (0.19) years of age categories, in that order. African Americans exhibited highest incidence rate (3.33) followed by Caucasians (1.72), other race groups (1.57) and Hispanics (1.57), in that order. A significant decrease occurred over time in Hispanics, but not in other race groups. In African Americans, male and female sex-stratified incidence rates were higher than in any other race group. Urothelial histological subtype exhibited highest incidence rate (0.92), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (0.41), adenocarcinoma (0.29) and other histologies (0.20). In stage stratified analyses, T1N0M0 stage exhibited highest incidence rate. However, it decreased over time (−3.00%, p = 0.02) in favor of T1-4N1-2M0 stage (+ 2.11%, p = 0.02). Conclusion Urethral cancer is rare. Its incidence rates are highest in males, elderly patients, African Americans and in urothelial histological subtype. Most urethral cancer cases are T1N0M0, but over time, the incidence of T1N0M0 decreased in favor of T1-4N1-2M0.

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At-a-glance - Cancer trends in Canada, 1984 to 2015

Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada ◽

10.24095/hpcdp.39.11.04 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 39 (11) ◽

pp. 310-314

Author(s):

Alain A. Demers ◽

Darren R. Brenner ◽

Leah Smith ◽

Amanda Shaw

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Annual Percent Change ◽

Cancer Statistics ◽

Incidence Trends ◽

Percent Change ◽

Cancer Types ◽

Trends Over Time ◽

Cancer Trends ◽

Over Time

Examining incidence trends of all cancers combined in order to understand cancer trends can be misleading, as patterns can vary across individual cancer types. This paper highlights findings on trends over time from Canadian Cancer Statistics 2019, as measured by the annual percent change (APC) of age-standardized incidence rates. Among the results were a recent increase in thyroid cancer in males (APC: 6.4%, 1997–2015), as well as decreases in prostate cancer (APC: −9.1%, 2011–2015) and cervical cancer (APC: −3.3%, 2010–2015).

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Incidence rates and contemporary trends in primary urethral cancer

10.21203/rs.3.rs-223692/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mike Wenzel ◽

Luigi Nocera ◽

Claudia Collà Ruvolo ◽

Christoph Würnschimmel ◽

Zhe Tian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

African Americans ◽

Incidence Rate ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Histological Subtype ◽

Annual Percent Change ◽

Percent Change ◽

Log Linear ◽

Incident Cases ◽

Over Time

Abstract Purpose: We assessed contemporary incidence rates and trends of primary urethral cancer. Methods: We identified urethral cancer patients within Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results registry (SEER, 2004–2016). Age-standardized incidence rates per 1,000,000 (ASR) were calculated. Log linear regression analyses were used to compute average annual percent change (AAPC). Results: From 2004–2016, 1,907 patients with urethral cancer were diagnosed (ASR 1.69; AAPC: -0.98%, p = 0.3). ASR rates were higher in males than in females (2.70 vs. 0.55), respectively and did not change over the time (both p = 0.3). Highest incidence rates were recorded in respectively ≥ 75 (0.77), 55–74 (0.71) and ≤ 54 (0.19) years of age categories, in that order. African Americans exhibited highest incidence rate (3.33) followed by Caucasians (1.72), other race groups (1.57) and Hispanics (1.57), in that order. A significant decrease occurred over time in Hispanics, but not in other race groups. In African Americans, male and female sex-stratified incidence rates were higher than in any other race group. Urothelial histological subtype exhibited highest incidence rate (0.92), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (0.41), adenocarcinoma (0.29) and other histologies (0.20). In stage stratified analyses, T1N0M0 stage exhibited highest incidence rate. However, it decreased over time (-3.00%, p = 0.02) in favor of T1 − 4N1 − 2M0 stage (+ 2.11%, p = 0.02). Conclusion: Urethral cancer is rare. Its incidence rates are highest in males, elderly patients, African Americans and in urothelial histological subtype. Most incident cases are T1N0M0, but over time, the incidence of T1N0M0 decreased in favor of T1 − 4N1 − 2M0.

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Trends in Incidence and Mortality of Skin Melanoma in Lithuania 1991–2015

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18084165 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (8) ◽

pp. 4165

Author(s):

Audrius Dulskas ◽

Dovile Cerkauskaite ◽

Ieva Vincerževskiene ◽

Vincas Urbonas

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Population Based ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Skin Melanoma ◽

Annual Percent Change ◽

Incidence Trends ◽

Percent Change ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

European Standard Population ◽

Age Adjusted Rates

Background. We aimed to investigate age-specific and sex-specific incidence trends of melanoma in Lithuania from 1991 to 2015. Methods. Analysis was based on data from the population-based Lithuanian Cancer Registry database for 1991–2015, and 6024 cases of skin melanoma were identified. Age-adjusted rates (ASRs) by sex and age group were calculated. Adjustment for ASRs was done using the old European standard population, where a total of three age groups were considered: 0–39, 40–59 and 60+. Additionally, the annual percent change (APC) was calculated, and 95% confidence intervals for APC were calculated. Results. Between 1991 and 2015, the overall melanoma rates increased by an annual percent change (APC) of 3.9% in men (95% CI, 3.6–4.1%) and 2.3% in women (95% CI, 2.1–2.5%). The highest incidences of new cutaneous melanoma cases were observed between old adults (60+) of both sexes, while the lowest incidence rates were observed in the young adult group (up to 39 years old), with the lowest APC (1.6% in males and 0.4% in females). The overall number of melanoma deaths during 1991 and 2015 increased from 64 to 103 deaths per year, and the age-standardized rate (ASR) increased 1.3 times (from 1.8 to 2.4). Conclusions. The incidence and mortality of skin melanoma seem to be increased in all age groups. These trends indicate that skin protection behavior is not sufficient in our population and more efforts need to be taken in order to decrease incidence and mortality rates.

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Age-Specific Trend and Birth Cohort Effect on Different Histologic Types of Uterine Corpus Cancers

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1019009/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yi-Jou Tai ◽

Chun-Ju Chiang ◽

Ying-Cheng Chiang ◽

Chia-Ying Wu ◽

Wen-Chung Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Cohort ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Endometrioid Carcinoma ◽

Birth Cohorts ◽

Cancer Specific Survival ◽

Uterine Corpus ◽

Incidence Trends ◽

Histologic Types ◽

Cancer Incidence Rates

Abstract To evaluate the uterine corpus cancer incidence rates, age-specific trends and birth cohort patterns by different histologic types. From the Taiwan Cancer Registry, we identified women with a primary diagnosis of uterine corpus cancer (n=28 769) from1998 to 2017. We analyzed the incidences, stages of disease at diagnosis and prognostic factors in endometrioid and non-endometrioid carcinoma. During the study period, uterine corpus cancer incidence rates increased over time from 5.3 to 15.21 per 100 000 woman-years. Incidence trends for endometrioid carcinoma increased in all age groups and the rise was steeper in women age 40 years and younger. For non-endometrioid carcinomas, incidence rates increased in women over 50 years. Women diagnosed after 2013 had significantly better cancer-specific survival (CSS) (hazard ratio [HR] =0.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.73-0.89) compared with those at the period of 2009-2012. CSS also improved in stage I (HR=0.81, 95% CI 0.49-0.63) and stage III (HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.58-0.72) endometrioid carcinomas after 2013. Whereas CSS remained unchanged for non-endometrioid carcinomas. We found the incidences of both endometrioid and non-endometrioid carcinomas continued to increase among contemporary birth cohorts. Etiologic research is mandatory to explain the causes for these trends.

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