scholarly journals Evaluation of Some Hematological and Cytogenetic Effects of Ammi majus Seed Aqueous Extract in Albino Male Mice

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-110
Author(s):  
Rakad M. Kh. Al-Jumaily ◽  
Ali H. Ad'hiah ◽  
Mohammed M. F. Al. Halbosiy ◽  
Baraa A. Abdul Hameed
Keyword(s):  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Chromosomal Aberrations ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Spontaneous Formation ◽  
Cytogenetic Effects ◽  
Ammi Majus ◽  
Mutagenic Effects

The present study was carried out with the aim to evaluate the hematological and cytogenetic effects of seed aqueous extract of the plant Ammi majus (0.5, 1.0, 1.5) mg/kg in albino male mice. The investigated parameters were total count of leucocytes (TLC), mitotic index (MI), micronucleus (MN) formation and chromosomal aberrations. The mitomycin C (MMC) was used as a mutagen in the interaction with the plant extract (pre- and post-treatment), with the aim to determine the antimutagenic efficiency of the plant extract, and in all cases, the materials were given orally. In the first treatment, the results indicated that the dose 1.5 mg/kg of the extract enhanced the parameters investigated and a significant increase was observed in TLC (10070 cells/cu.mm.blood) as compared to negative (7290 cells/cu.mm.blood) or positive (4910 cells/cu.mm.blood) controls, and such observation was positively correlated with the mitotic index. In contrast, the spontaneous formation of MN was significantly decreased in the three investigated doses of the extract. In pre- and post-treatment experiments, a similar picture was drawn, and the plant extract was able to modulate the mutagenic effects of MMC.

scholarly journals Effect of aqueous extract of Rosemary officinalis on cytotoxicity of CCL4 induced albino male mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-131
Author(s):  
Ruqaya M. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Rosemary Extract ◽  
Mutagenic Action ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Micronucleus Formation ◽  
Marrow Cells

This study focused the line on the effect of aqueous extract of Rosemary officinalis, as well as, effect of toxic compound CCL4, on micronucleus formation and mitotic index assay in albino male mice. This work started at September 2017 at Biotechnology Research center \Al-Nahrain University, by using 20 albino male mice. The result indicated that aqueous extract of rosemary caused significant increased in mitotic index and decrease micronucleus formation for two doses tested 50,100 mg/kg in comparison with negative and positive controls, also the results revealed that CCL4 showed significant mutagenic action on biological system of treated mice by increased frequency of micronucleus formation and decreased the percentage of mitotic index in bone marrow cells. Pre-and post –treatment between aqueous extract and CCL4 were also made. The results of pre and post treatment with rosemary extract were also caused a significant decreased in micronucleus formation and increase the percentage of mitotic index for two doses 50,100 mg/kg  in comparison with its corresponding controls which caused increased in the frequencies of micronucleus formation and decrease the percentage of mitotic index in bone marrow cells. Conclusions: Rosemary officinalis enhanced immunity, reduced mutagenic effects against cytotoxicity of CCL4.

scholarly journals The Exposure Effect of Water Pipe Smoke (WPS) on the Total Count leukocyte, Mitotic Index, Micronucleus Formation and Chromosome Aberration in Albino Male Mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
Mohammad M. F. Al-Halbosiy ◽  
Rakad M. Kh. Al-Jumaily ◽  
Fadhel M. Lafta
Keyword(s):  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Chromosomal Aberration ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Total Count ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Water Pipe ◽  
Exposure Effect ◽  
Cytogenetic Effects ◽  
Exposure Experiment ◽  
Mutagenic Effects

The present study was carried out to evaluate the hematological and cytogenetic effects of waterpipe smoke (WPS) in albino male mice. The investigated parameters were total count ofleukocytes (TCL), mitotic index (MI), micronucleus (MN) formation and chromosomalaberrations. The results of our study showed that, mice were exposed to WPS using a specialinhalation glass chamber (whole body exposure). Mice exposed daily to 100 puffs of WPS on thebases of (1h exposure per day). The exposure experiment continued daily for the periods of 3, 5, 7weeks consequently. The results revealed that the TCL significantly decreased in the second andthird treatment (5930, 4120 cell/ cu. mm. blood) respectively, in comparison to control (6200 cell/cu. mm. blood), while the MI decreased in all 3 treatment after 3, 5, 7 weeks. Nevertheless, boththe MN cells and chromosomal aberration remain the same percentage as the control in the firsttreatment and then began to be higher than the control in the second and third treatment. Theresults indicated that the WPS has cytotoxic and mutagenic effects, according to the obtainedresults of MN cells and chromosomal aberration assays in the three types of treatment.

scholarly journals The Ability of Green Tea (Camellia sinensis) Extract in Modulating the Cytogenetic and Haematological Effects of Mitomycin C in Albino Male Mice

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Mitomycin C ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Chromosomal Aberrations ◽  
Leucocyte Count ◽  
Total Leucocyte Count ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Tea Extract

The present study aimed to investigate the toxic and mutagenic and anti – mutagenic effects of the aqueous extract (5, 10 and 15 mg/kg) of green tea (Camellia sinensis) in modulating the genotoxic effects of mitomycin C (MMC). Albino male mice (Mus musculs) were employed as a biological system and four parameters were performed in vivo; total leucocyte count, mitotic index, chromosomal aberrations and micronucleus formation. The plant extract was evaluated through three types of treatments. In the first, the extract was given alone orally. While the second and third treatment included two types of interactions with MMC; pre – and post – MMC treatments. All treatments were paralleled by negative and positive controls. In the first treatment, the dose 15 mg/kg of green tea extract enhanced the parameters investigated and a significant increase was observed in total count of leucocyte (8070 cells/cu. mm. blood) as compared to either negative (6900 cells/cu. mm. blood) or positive (5060 cells/cu. mm. blood) controls, Such observation was positively correlated with the mitotic index. In contrast, the spontaneous formation of micronuceli and chromosomal aberrations were decreased in the three investigated doses of the extract. The results showed that the plant extract had no genotoxic or mutgenic effects. In the second and third treatments, green tea extract showed a good performance in protecting the bone marrow cells in mice against genotoxic MMC effect by increasing the total leucocyte count and mitotic index and decreasing the chromosomal aberration and mironuclei when the treatment were before or after the MMC.

scholarly journals تثبيط التغيرات الخلوية الوراثية المستحثة بعقار MMC في الفأر الأبيض باستخدام مستخلصي نبات القريص نوع Urtica pilulifera

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-51
Author(s):  
Ismail Kadhum Shubber ◽  
Laith Abdel Hassan ◽  
Saadi Hamad Hilal
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Chromosomal Aberrations ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Marrow Cell ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Control Drug ◽  
Cytogenetic Effects

The aim of this study was to investigate the potency of aquatic & alcoholic extracts of the leaves of Urtica pilulifera plant against mutagenecity of Mitomycine C (MMC) drug in mice.The genotoxic effects of three different concentrations 0.01, 0.1 & 0.5 mg/kg from aqueous or ethanolic extract were tested in mice. 0.01 mg/kg bw from either types of extracts were selected as non-genotoxic in comparison to control. Drug-plant extract interaction was tested using mitotic index & Chromosomal aberrations as bioindicators for detection of the potency of the plant extract in reduction of MMC-induction of cytogenetic effects. Two types of treatments were followed, either plant extracts were given before (2, 4, 6) days, or after (2, 4, 6) days, of treatment with MMC. The results revealed that 0.2 mg/kg of MMC significantly inhibited bone marrow cell division and increased the spontaneous levels of chromosomal aberration up to 20 times. Treatment of mice with aqueous or alcoholoic leaf-extract reduced significantly (p < 0.01) the genotoxic effects of MMC. This reduction was more pronounced in animals which were given the extract after treatment with MMC comparing to its treatment before the MMC exposure. These results indicated that Utrtica pilulifera leaves extract behave as bio-anti mutagen first degree and acting indirectly in the 2nd degree.

scholarly journals Modulating the Haematological and Cytogenetic Effects of Mitomycin C by Aqueous Extract of Nut Grass (Cyperus rotundus L.)

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-54
Author(s):  
Ali H. Ad'hiah ◽  
Mohammed M. F. Al-Halbosiy ◽  
Rakad M. Al-Jumaily
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Mitomycin C ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Leucocyte Count ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Micronucleus Formation ◽  
Pre Treatment

The aqueous extract (5, 10 and 15 mg/kg) of nut grass (Cyperus rotundus L.) rhizomes was evaluated orally in albino male mice using some haematological (total leucocyte count) and cytogenetic (mitotic index, micronucleus formation and chromosomal aberrations of bone marrow cells) parameters. The extract interaction with the mutagen mitomycin C (MMC) was also evaluated through two types of treatments (pre- and post-treatments). The results revealed that the dose 15 mg/kg of the extract significantly increased the total count of leucocytes (7634.4 vs. 6783.3 cells/cu.mm. blood), while the mitotic index showed no significant differences, as compared to negative controls. However, the spontaneous formation of micronuclei in the bone marrow cells was significantly decreased in the three investigated doses of the extract (0.30, 0.32 and 0.29, respectively vs. 0.62%), while the chromosomal assay showed similar frequencies in the negative control and nut grass-treated animals. With respect to the interaction with MMC, the pre-treatment (15 mg/kg) enhanced the leucocyte count (10358.6 vs. 3800.2 cells/cu.mm.blood) and mitotic index (11.9 vs. 6.5%), and a similar picture was drawn when the pos-treatment was considered (8884.2 vs. 4292.7 cells/cu.mm.blood; 14.6 vs. 7.6%). However, the doses 5 and 10 mg/kg of the plant extract were much more effective in reducing the MMC-induced micronucleus formation in both types of treatments especially the dose 5 mg/kg (pre-treatment: 4.24 vs. 16.29%; post-treatment: 3.79 vs. 14.34%). With respect to chromosomal aberration assay, the dose 15 mg/kg of the extract was the most effective dose in reducing the MMC-induced aberrations, but the post-treatment was better than pre-treatment in this respect (0.29 vs. 0.79 aberration/cell).

scholarly journals Modulating the Mutagenic Effects of Mitomycin C by Aqueous Extract of Lentil (Lens culinars)

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
M.M.F. Al-Halbosiy
Keyword(s):  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Chromosomal Aberration ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Drug Application ◽  
Mutagenic Effect ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Micronucleus Formation ◽  
Mutagenic Effects

The present study aimed to evaluate the toxic and mutagenic effect of Lentil (Lens culinars) seed aqueous extract (0.5 , 1.0 and 1.5 mg/kg) and its ability to modulate the mutagenic effects of mytomycin C, using the male albino mice for hematological and cytogenetic analyses (total leukocyte count and mitotic index, chromosomal aberration and micronucleus formation of bone marrow cells). The evaluations were carried out through three type of treatment. In the first treatment the extract was dosed alone to the animals, while in the second and third treatment, interaction between the extract and mytomycin C (pre and post treatment) were carried out for such evaluations. The study showed that there was no toxic and mutational effects of the used extract .The result also showed that the dose 1.5mg/kg was significantly better than the other doses in all tests that were carried. The result also showed that there was aninhibition effect of the extract in relation to the mutational effects of mytomycin C. through its effects in increasing the total leukocyte count and mitotic index and reducing in chromosomal aberration, micronucleus formation before and after the drug application.

scholarly journals Acclimation of cadmium-induced genotoxicity and oxidative stress in mung bean seedlings by priming effect of phytohormones and proline

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257924
Author(s):  
Meher Hassan ◽  
Muhammad Israr ◽  
Simeen Mansoor ◽  
Syeda Amna Hussain ◽  
Faiza Basheer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Chromosomal Aberrations ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Maximum Decrease ◽  
Mutagenic Effects

In this research, eight local mung bean (Vigna radiata) varieties were analyzed for their performance against two levels of CdCl2 solution (0.3 and 0.5 mM) alone and priming with gibberellic acid (GA3) (100 μM), salicylic acid (SA) (50 μM) and proline (5 mM) solution prior to Cd exposure. Mung bean seedlings were analyzed for disturbance in cytological, morphological, biochemical and enzymatic parameters under cadmium stress. For cytological studies, 48 h grown mung bean seedlings root tips were used to prepare slides and studied for percent mitotic index (MI%) and to calculate percent C-mitosis, laggard, sticky and fragmented chromosomes, pictures were captured by a Nikon camera (DS-Fi 1 Japan) attached with a microscope. One-week grown mung seedlings were studied for growth traits, malondialdehyde (MDA), protein, proline and antioxidant enzymes. ANOVA and DMR test of this research revealed that all the tested mung bean varieties and treatments were significantly different regarding mitotic index and number of chromosomal aberrations. Both the Cd treatments exhibited increased total chromosomal aberrations with different types and a maximum decrease in MI%. In pretreated samples, GA3, SA and proline serve as mitigating agents that reduce mutagenic effects of Cd in mung bean by increasing MI% and decreasing chromosomal aberrations as compared to non-pretreated samples. Both the Cd treatments showed a decrease in all growth traits. Total proteins were also found to be significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner in all genotypes. Cd treatment increased the activities of all antioxidant enzymes tested. Cd caused oxidative damage as indicated by elevated levels of MDA content in treated samples in comparison to control. Proline content levels were also high in Cd treated seedlings indicating stress. Results demonstrated that pretreatment with phytohormones and proline before Cd were found to improve all morphological parameters, by altering antioxidant enzymes activities along with a decrease in MDA and proline contents as well. It was further noticed that the performance of GA3 was better at 0.3 mM Cd treatment while SA was found to be a good mitigating agent at 0.5 mM Cd stress in all tested mung bean varieties. This research concluded less deleterious effects of Cd on AZRI-2006 while more sensitivity to NM-51 towards Cd. Priming with phytohormones and proline is a user-friendly, economical, and simple mitigation strategy to reduce Cd toxicity in plants and get better yield from contaminated lands.

scholarly journals Study the effect of Interaction between metronidazole and Pelargonium odoratissimum aquatic extracts in vivo and in vitro on mammalian cells

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-103
Author(s):  
Mayassa F. AL_Romani ◽  
Khulood AL_Samarrae ◽  
Esmail Shubber
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Chromosomal Aberrations ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Blood Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Culture ◽  
Human Blood Lymphocyte

The present study was designed to investigate the role of P. odoratissimum aquatic extracts in reducing the genotoxic effects of metronidazole in mice in vivo and human blood lymphocyte in vitro. The parametrers which evaluated in mice were used: mitotic index and chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow, while for human blood lymphocyte were mitotic index, blast index, replicative index, sister chromatid exchange and chromosomal aberrations. The cytogenetic effects of the drug and plant aquatic extracts were investigated after four days of oral administration for mice with metronidazole and aqueous extract at doses 400mg/kg and 100 mg/kg respectively while the concentrations of metronidazole and aqueous extract in human blood lymphocyte culture was 80µg/ml, and 10µg/ml respectively. An interaction study of plant extract with metronidazole was carried out through three types of treatments (before, after and mixture of plant extract and drug treatment) to determine the activity of P. odoratissimum aqueous extract in reducing the side effects of drug both in vitro and in vivo. Aquatic extract of P.odoratissimum at the concentration of 10µg/ml, showed a protective value against the genotoxic effect of metronidazole at 80µg/ml. concentration .In mouse bone marrow cells and human blood lymphocyte culture, this was more pronounced in pre-treatment and simultaneous treatment than in post-treatment. So P. odoratissimum aquatic extract is considered as desmutagen in the first order and bioantimutagen in the second order, as a result for its ability to repair CA and increase MI in mouse system and in human blood lymphocyte culture system . It also had the ability to increase BI and RI and decrease SCE in human blood lymphocytes culture in vitro.

scholarly journals CYTOGENETIC EFFECTS OF THE CRUDE SAPONINS OF Yucca elephantipesL. LEAVESONTHE Allium cepa L. ROOT TIPS MITOSIS.

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 542-549
Author(s):  
Mohammed & Najem
Keyword(s):  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Chromosomal Aberrations ◽  
Test System ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Cytogenetic Effects ◽  
Phase Index ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Plant Test

 This study was aimed to investigate cytogenetic effects of the crude saponinsof Yucca elephantipes leaves on mitosis. The root tips of Allium cepa L. were used as plant test system in vivo. Root tips of A. cepa were tested for four hours with four concentrations of the crude saponins (0.00, 6.25, 12.5, 25 or 50 mg/ml). This study were included some cytogenetic diagnosis included mitotic index, phase index, and chromosomal aberration. Results showed that saponins reduced the mitotic index (MI) to less than 50%, specifically when treated with 12.5,25 or 50 mg/ ml mitotic index reached 25.48, 17.98, 18.81% respectively, this reduction was considered toxic and sub lethal. Saponins arrested chromosomes at metaphase (c-metaphase) up to 100% at 6.25 mg/ml and chromosomal aberrations including micronuclei and nuclear lesion (chromatin lesion) in prophase and interphase at the concentrations 25 and 50 mg/l recorded 1.30-8.30%.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Some Cytogenetic Effects of Hexane Extract from Tribulus terrestris in vivo and in vitro

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Russul Ridha Mamdouh ◽  
Batool Ali Shahab ◽  
Ali Husain Ad'hiah
Keyword(s):  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Sperm Head ◽  
Tribulus Terrestris ◽  
Micronucleus Formation ◽  
Cytogenetic Effects ◽  
Lymphocyte Cultures ◽  
The Ideal

The present study was carried out to evaluate the cytogenetic effects of the hexane extract of the plant Tribulus terrestris fruits. The cytogenetic evaluations involved mitotic index of bone marrow and spleen cells in albino male mice, micronucleus formation and sperm-head abnormalities. The micronucleus evaluations were further explored in blood lymphocyte cultures of healthy donors through an in vitro study. The search was carried out through three stages. In the first, the cytogenetic effects of three doses 5,10 and 20 mg/kg) of the plant extract were evaluated, while in the second stage, interactions Pre- and Post-treatments between the ideal dose 5 mg/kg of the plant extract and the drug Mitomycin-C (MMC). In stage three, the micronucleus formation was evaluated in the lymphocyte cultures of healthy individuals after treatment with three concentrations (5, 10 and 20 µg/ml) of the plant extract, in addition to interactions with the drug MMC which revealed significant mutagenic actions as judged by the investigated parameters. Reduced mitotic index, and increased frequencies of micronucleus formation (in vivo and in vitro) and sperm-head abnormalities were observed. The first stage revealed that the plant extract reduced the spontaneous formation of micronuclei and sperm-head abnormalities. The ideal dose 5 mg/kg of the plant extract was effective in modulating the mutagenic effects of the drug MMC. In this regard, the pre-treatment was more effective than post-treatment. The stage three showed that the plant extract was effective in reducing the spontaneous, as well as, MMC induced formation of micronuclei in lymphocyte cultures.

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