scholarly journals The First Convention of Tobolsk Governorate’s Country Doctors (1911)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2 (26)) ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
Vladimir Ia. Templing
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Academic Context ◽  
Regional Medical ◽  
First Time

The events and activities of the convention of Tobolsk Governorate’s country doctors are reconstructed for the first time in historiography. The convention took place in January-February 1911 and was the first professional medical forum in Siberia. The convention is considered to be an important indicator for the development of non-governmental initiative. Taking into account archival records and published documents that are being introduced into the academic context for the first time, we reveal the background of the convention, describe the materials, the agenda, basic resolutions and results of the sessions. The doctors’ convention highlights the development of corporate self-management of the regional medical community. In the early 20th century the latter grew mature enough to formulate collective interests, to adjust governmental activities in the health care to the local specifics.

No Silver Medal for Nobel Prize Contenders

2016 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils Hansson ◽  
Heiner Fangerau ◽  
Annette Tuffs ◽  
Igor J. Polianski
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Nobel Committee ◽  
History Of ◽  
Silver Medal ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
First Time ◽  
Carl Koller

Abstract Taking the examples of the pioneers Carl Ludwig Schleich, Carl Koller, and Heinrich Braun, this article provides a first exploratory account of the history of anesthesiology and the Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine. Besides the files collected at the Nobel Archive in Sweden, which are presented here for the first time, this article is based on medical literature of the early 20th century. Using Nobel Prize nominations and Nobel committee reports as points of departure, the authors discuss why no anesthesia pioneer has received this coveted trophy. These documents offer a new perspective to explore and to better understand aspects of the history of anesthesiology in the first half of the 20th century.

scholarly journals THE PROJECT OF ARCHEOLOGICAL MUSEUM AT THE ALL-RUSSIAN MUSEUM CONFERENCE OF 1919

2021 ◽  
pp. 437-443
Author(s):  
В. Г. Ананьев ◽  
М. Д. Бухарин
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Special Report ◽  
Revolutionary Era ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Archeological Museum ◽  
First Time

В начале ХХ в. в России активно обсуждался вопрос создания специализированного археологического музея. Этой проблеме был посвящен ряд выступлений на профессиональных форумах музейных работников. Обсуждалась она и на Первой Всероссийской конференции по делам музеев в Петрограде в феврале 1919 г. Со специальным докладом на эту тему выступил авторитетный археолог А. А. Миллер, имевший опыт музейной работы и активно проявивший себя в революционную эпоху как организатор музейного дела. В обсуждении доклада приняли участие такие видные ученые, как С. А. Жебелёв, Н. Я. Марр и др. В данном сообщении авторы впервые анализируют материалы стенограммы этого обсуждения и помещают его в контекст развития отечественной археологической/музейной мысли начала ХХ в. In the early 20thcentury the creation of a specialized archaeological museum was actively discussed in Russia. A number of communications in professional forums of museum workers were devoted to this problem. It was also discussed at the First AllRussian Museums' Conference in Petrograd in February 1919. A special report on this subject was held by archeologist A. A. Miller, who had experience of museum work and showed himself in the revolutionary era as an organizer of museum activity. Prominent scholars such as S. A. Zhebelyov, N. Ya. Marr and others took part in the discussion of his report. In this article the authors analyze the materials of the transcript of this discussion for the first time and place it in the context of the development of Russian archaeological/ museum thought of the early 20th century.

scholarly journals Postmodern Tendencies in the Russian Poetry of the “Silver Age”

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 124-140
Author(s):  
Ihor Chornyi ◽  
Viktoriia Pertseva ◽  
Viktoriia Chorna ◽  
Olena Horlova ◽  
Oleksandra Shtepenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Silver Age ◽  
Evolutionary Features ◽  
Russian Poetry ◽  
And Performance ◽  
First Time

For the first time, the article analyses certain aspects of Russian poetry of the “Silver Age” in order to identify the rudiments or features which are characteristic of the postmodern creative paradigm. It is noted that a number of poets almost do not have any postmodernist tendencies. Despite the fact it is proved that postmodernism denies the personality-centric and aesthetically oriented concept of modernism, it nevertheless arose on the basis of modernism and has sharpened evolutionary features formulated in the first half of the 20th century. The article aims to prove a hypothesis that arises in the authors during a preliminary perceptual reading of the poets` works of the “Silver Age”: in the early 20th century. Sporadically and consistently in individual authors can be observed irony, play, reconstruction and performance as precursor of postmodernist creative thinking. Specialties of the Russian poetry of the “Silver Age”, which directly correlate with postmodernist tendencies of the second half of the 20th century is not a description itself, but the realization of reality, ambivalence, as well as following the linguistic and figurative, conceptual, motive levels of gradual transitions between the paradigms of “symbolism – modernism” and “modernism – postmodernism”. The international significance of the article is that the material of one of the Eastern European literatures has proved the existence of postmodern (quasi-postmodern) features in the first half of the 20th century for the first time, which can serve as a deeper research in the field of literary typology, continuity; culturology and anthropology.

scholarly journals Kalendarze z kolekcji Ignacego Wolskiego w zbiorach Muzeum Narodowego w Krakowie

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 223-255
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Lubera
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
National Museum ◽  
The Past ◽  
First Time

A small but valuable collection of calendars was donated to the National Museum in Krakow in 1896, 1898 and 1906 by Ignacy Wolski, a Warsaw bibliophile. In the article an overview of these publications is given for the first time. The donation consists of calendars diverse in form and content, published from the end of the 18th century to the early 20th century. Only ten of them were found during the research in the Museum. Most of the preserved calendars was marked with characteristic provenance stamps or stickers;a part of them has some historical notes written by Wolski. They are a great testimony of the past. Wolski’s motifs and idea behind collecting calendars and leaving these publications for future generations in the Museum were also presented in the article.

scholarly journals Avantgarde Suomessa

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Visual Arts ◽  
Women Artists ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
The Social ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
First Time

Avant-garde in Finland is the first book to provide an overarching introduction to avant-garde art by Finnish artists. The articles in the book discuss the application and development of the cultural ideas of the avant-garde in Finnish art from the early 20th century till the present day. The book focusses on the social, political, and artistic characteristics of avant-garde art and their manifestation in Finnish avant-garde literature, visual arts, architecture, fashion, and music. The book shows the remarkable role of women artists in the development of the Finnish avant-garde. Many artists and groups are presented in the book for the first time. At the same time, the articles highlight connections between well-known Finnish artists and international avant-garde movements that have not been recognized in earlier research. A key theme of the book is the tension between the internationality of avant-garde and the nationalist elements of Finnish culture. The book is peer-reviewed, and its authors are eminent senior scholars and younger researchers.

Genesis and characteristics of the Christian worldwide (based on the publications of the «Nyva» journal (Lviv, 1904—1939s) and in the works of theologists of the late 19th ― early 20th cc.)

2019 ◽  
pp. 113-145
Author(s):  
Roman Blikharskyi
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Max Scheler ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
Wilhelm Dilthey ◽  
Religious Worldview ◽  
Christian Worldview ◽  
History Of ◽  
Important Means ◽  
First Time

The Ukrainian religious Christian press, since its inception, was an important means of disseminating information necessary for the life of the Church. Besides the issues of purely Christian doctrine, the authors of religious journals outlined and criticized the ideological tendencies among the representatives of the Ukrainian secular intelligentsia. Their scientific, artistic, social and political activities greatly influenced the then social realities, and partially determined a political future of Ukraine. In the early 20th century, on the pages of the Ukrainian Galician religious periodicals, namely the «Nyva» journal (Lviv, 1904—1939s), there were published a series of articles dealing with the Christian worldview. We have elucidated the reasons why in the late 19th century—the early 20th century for the first time there emerged a necessity to discuss the Christian worldview, contrary to other non-religious worldview models of the modernity. The history of the worldview concept and variation of approaches to its meaning clarifying, the theory of the process of formation of the mindset as well as ways of classification of its different forms, specifically religious worldview, in the philosophical works of Karl Jaspers, Max Scheler and Wilhelm Dilthey, have been researched. As for the Christian-based worldview, we have determined the approaches to the systematization and unification of the ideological principles of the Christians. Those were studied in the writings of thinkers of different Christian denominations, namely Protestantism (James Orr, Abraham Kuyper), Orthodoxy (Mikhail Tareiev), and Catholicism (specifically, the authors of the «Nyva» journal). Keywords: worldview, Christianity, Christian worldview, religion, philosophy, religious periodicals, «Nyva» journal.

scholarly journals The military apartment fee in Belarus (second half of the 19th – early 20th century)

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-70
Author(s):  
Aliaksandr B. Arlukevich
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Public Utilities ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Total Income ◽  
Government Institutions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Military ◽  
First Time

The article reveals the influence of the military housing tax on the socio-economic development of municipal centers and the processes of urbanisation in Belarus in the second half of the 19th – early 20th century. On the basis of a wide range of sources, it is proved that during the period under review, the amount of funds collected by the population in cities and towns with the active mediation of local self-government institutions for the rental of army headquarters, infirmaries, warehouses, officers’ apartments, rent and construction of soldiers’ barracks was comparable to the total income of magistrates and thus deprived them of the necessary reserve for saving and developing public utilities and infrastructure. On this basis, the collection of apartment money can be considered one of the key economic factors that determined the specifics of the development of the Belarusian city during the modernisation period. Until now the collection of funds in the framework of post-conscription in the territory of the Belarusian provinces has not become the subject of special research. Most of the facts presented in the work are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time.

Armenian Churches in the Province of Gaziantep, Turkey

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-63
Author(s):  
Emine Dağtekin ◽  
Semra Hillez
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Early Christianity ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Southeast Anatolia ◽  
First Time

Southeast Anatolia in Turkey is a region where important centres of early Christianity could be found. In Gaziantep, which was named “Little Bukhara” during the reign of Egyptian Mamluks, many Armenian churches have been documented. However, most of them have been destroyed or used for different purposes. The paper is dedicated to the study of three Armenian churches in Gaziantep where Armenians lived until the early 20th century. The history, the plan and frontal structures, ornaments of these churches are presented for the first time.

scholarly journals The tradition of Orthodox singing of the baptized Tatars of the Laish and Mamadysh districts of Kazan province: the historical background

2021 ◽  
pp. 82-88
Author(s):  
Aysylu Tagirovna Gumerova
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Music Culture ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Eastern Christianity ◽  
First Time ◽  
Revolutionary Period

The research object is church singing of the Kryashens (baptized Tatars), a sub-ethnic community of the Tatars following Eastern Christianity. The Kryashens are the bearers of a unique Orthodox singing tradition combining church chants and prayer texts in the Tatar language. The research subject is the historical background of church singing of baptized Tatars which inhabited the Laish and Mamadysh districts of Kazan province. The chronological framework covers the period of generation of the tradition - the late 19th - the early 20th century, which was the period of active missionary efforts of the Russian Orthodox church in the region. The author uses the historical, culturological and source study methods which help to detect the ways of formation of the singing tradition: they are connected with the introduction of a new system of religious and school education of “aliens” in the region, and the start of holding church services in the Tatar language. The research contains the information about the work of schools for the baptized Tatars and parishes in the late 19th - the early 20th century. The author evaluates the modern condition of the Kryashens’ Orthodox singing tradition in the region under consideration and detects the prerequisites of its development which had been established by missionaries in the pre-revolutionary period. The author arrives at a conclusion about an important role of music in the process of christian education of the baptized Tatars, and about significant contribution of the pre-revolutionary missionaries to the formation of spiritual and singing practice of the ethnos, which is currently an important component of its music culture. This ethno-regional tradition of Orthodox singing is considered in Russian musicology for the first time.   

scholarly journals Irkutsk Group “Barque of Poets” in V. P. Trushkin Private Archive

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-256
Author(s):  
Anna V. Truskina ◽  
Vladimir V. Nekhotin
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Russian Modernism ◽  
The University ◽  
First Time

The publication contains materials from a private archive compiled by Vasiliy Prokopyevich Trushkin (1921–1996), a professor at the University of Irkutsk, who studied Siberian literature of the early 20th century. Some unknown texts by four poets of the 1920s are published for the first time now. These are Igor Slavnin (1898–1925), Sergey Alyakrinskiy (1889–1938), Vasiliy Prelovskiy (1892–1938), and Mikhail Imray (Gorin; dates of his life remain unknown). All of them were members of Irkutsk literary group “The Barque of Poets”, which in fact was an institution for adapting pre-revolutionary Russian modernism to new realities of the early Soviet era.

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