scholarly journals Memento mori as Repetition of Finitude: Death beyond Heidegger and Levinas

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Nicolae Turcan
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
Memento Mori ◽  
Death Experience

Exemplified especially by Heidegger and Levinas, the phenomenology of death expresses first, the impossibility of the death experience, second, the authenticity of Dasein starting from the horizon opened by the possibility of death, and third, the relevance of the death of the other to the discovery of one’s own death. This article tries to take a step further, showing the link between the authenticity of Dasein and the desire for immortality manifested in this authenticity. By overturning Heidegger’s theses and by affirming both the necessity of an authentication of death itself—in accord with Socrates’s death example—and the legitimacy of the meditation on death, this text links the need for immortality, which is phenomenologically visible, with the Christian faith in the resurrection, which is visible only for theology.

scholarly journals historiografía apologética en el Discurso Contra los griegos de Taciano el Sirio.

Daímon ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 171-184
Author(s):  
Julián Barenstein
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
High Culture ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Christian Apologetics ◽  
The One

En este trabajo nos proponemos poner de manifiesto un aspecto poco estudiado del Contra los griegos de Taciano (circa 170); nos referimos a la introducción del discurso historiográfico en la apologética cristiana. En cumplimiento de nuestro objetivo daremos cuenta, por una parte, del carácter idiosincrático de la producción de este apologista en el contexto de la defensa de la fe cristiana en el s. II y analizaremos, por otra, lo que de acuerdo con nuestra línea de investigación es lo más relevante de su controvertido modus cogitandi: el rechazo de la Filosofía como via regia de acceso al Cristianismo para las gentes de alta cultura y la introducción del discurso historiográfico como garantía de veracidad. In this paper we propose to highlight a little studied aspect of the Discourse Against the Greeks of Taciano (circa 170); we refer to the introduction of historiographical discourse in Christian apologetics. In fulfillment of our objective we will give account, on the one hand, of the idiosyncratic character of the production of this apologist in the context of the defense of the Christian faith in the s. II and we will analyze, on the other hand, what according to our line of research is the most relevant of his controversial modus cogitandi: the rejection of Philosophy as a way of access to Christianity for people of high culture and the introduction of the historiographical discourse as a guarantee of truthfulness.

May We Invoke the Saints?

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-52
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Jesus Christ ◽  
The Other ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

“Invocation of the saints is a practice which arises as a secondary ramification of certain foundational truths of the Christian faith. To get at the theological intelligibility of how it ‘works’ even today and has the positive effect of evoking reliance on the saving mercy of God, without the negative effect of overshadowing the sole mediatorship of Jesus Christ, two primary insights rooted in the biblical witness need to be considered. One deals with the relation between Jesus Christ and Christian believers, the other with the interrelationship among Christians themselves.”

An Encounter with the Other: A Thematic Analysis of Accounts of DMT Experiences from a Naturalistic Field Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Michael ◽  
David Luke ◽  
Oliver Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Conscious Experience ◽  
The Other ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Death Experience ◽  
Extraordinary Experiences ◽  
Alien Abduction ◽  
Increasing Trends

Introduction: N, N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is an endogenous serotonergic psychedelic capable of producing radical shifts in conscious experience. Increasing trends in its use, as well as new trials administering DMT to patients, indicate the growing importance of a thorough elucidation of the phenomenology the drug may occasion. This is particularly in light of the hyper-real, otherworldly, and often ontologically challenging yet potentially transformative, nature of the experience, not least encounters with apparently non-self social agents. Laboratory studies have been limited by clinical setting and lacking qualitative analyses, while online surveys’ limitations lie in retrospective design, recreational use, and both of which not guaranteeing ‘breakthrough’ experiences. Methods: We report on the first naturalistic field study of DMT use including its qualitative analysis. Screened, healthy, anonymised and experienced DMT users (40-75mg inhaled) were observed during their non-clinical use of the drug at home. Semi-structured interviews using the micro-phenomenological technique were employed immediately after their experience. This paper reports on the thematic analysis of one major domain of the breakthrough experiences elicited; the ‘other’. Thirty-six post-DMT experience interviews with mostly Caucasian (83%) males (8 female) of average 37 years were predominantly inductively coded. Results: Invariably, profound and highly intense experiences occurred. The main overarching category comprised the encounter with other ‘beings’ (94% of reports), with further subordinate themes including the entities’ role, appearance, demeanour, communication and interaction; while the other over-arching category comprised experiences of emerging into other ‘worlds’ (100% of reports), in turn consisting of the scene, the content and quality of the immersive spaces. Discussion: The present study provides a systematic and in-depth analysis of the features of the otherworldly encounter within the breakthrough DMT experience, as well as elaborating on the resonances with both previous DMT studies and other types of extraordinary experiences which also entail entity encounters. These include the alien abduction, folkloric, shamanic and near-death experience. Putative neural mechanisms of these features of the DMT experience and its promise as a psychotherapeutic agent are discussed in light of such findings.

scholarly journals Algemeen of bijzonder Christelijke ethiek in een moderne cultuur

1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Velema
Keyword(s):  
World View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
Divine Revelation ◽  
Moral Issues ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

In this article the author investigates the relation between faith/revelation on the one hand and ethics on the other; the relation between the "particular” and the “general”. It is argued that Rendtorff and Pannen­berg are basically in agreement that ethics does not depend on Christian faith and divine revelation, although there is a connection between the two. On the other hand, the author of this article (in agreement with Douma) relates faith/revelation and ethics very closely: ethics is directed by a life and world view - a stance illustrated by a discussion on abortion and euthanasia. The issue of consensus on moral issues between Christians and non-Christians should be resolved from the perspective of the general goodness of God and his law, given to all men.

scholarly journals ‘No One Can Serve Two Masters’: The Unity of Philosophy and Theology in Ricœur’s Early Thought

Open Theology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 320-331
Author(s):  
Barnabas Aspray
Keyword(s):  
Early Career ◽  
The Other ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
Personal Distress ◽  
Christian Doctrine ◽  
Theological Discourse ◽  
Ex Nihilo ◽  
Doctrine Of Creation ◽  
Existentialist Philosophy ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract While the French philosopher Paul Ricœur is not usually thought of as an existentialist, during his early career he engaged deeply with existentialist thought, and published two articles on the relationship between existentialism and Christian faith. Ricœur’s attempts to relate philosophy and theology often led to great personal distress, which he occasionally referred to as “controlled schizophrenia,” in which he struggled to remain faithful to both philosophical and theological discourse without compromising one for the sake of the other. This essay first explores the influence of existentialist philosophy on Ricœur before surveying how Ricœur understood existentialism, and how in his view it transforms the relationship between philosophy and theology. It then shows how Ricœur is ultimately able to retain his “dual allegiance” to both discourses through active hope in how the Christian doctrine of creation ex nihilo testifies to their original and final unity.

Barth or Bultmann?

1978 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-290
Author(s):  
N. H. G. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Method ◽  
Karl Barth ◽  
The Other ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
Fundamental Nature ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

In his book on Karl Barth Professor T. F. Torrance spoke at one point of ‘the great watershed of modern theology’. ‘There are,’ he wrote,1‘two basic issues here. On the one hand, it is the very substance of the Christian faith that is at stake, and on the other hand, it is the fundamental nature of scientific method, in its critical and methodological renunciation of prior understanding, that is at stake. This is the great watershed of modern theology: either we take the one way or the other – there is no third alter native… one must go either in the direction taken by Barth or in the direction taken by Bultmann.’

Minimal Religion, Deism and Socinianism: On Grotius’s Motives for Writing De Veritate

Grotiana ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henk Nellen
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
Divine Revelation ◽  
Rational Beliefs ◽  
The Core ◽  
Hugo Grotius ◽  
Political Turmoil ◽  
Second Category ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Very High

This article goes into the intentions and motives behind De veritate (1627), famous apologetic work by the Dutch humanist and jurisconsult Hugo Grotius (1583-1645). De veritate will be compared with two other seminal works written by Grotius, De iure belli ac pacis (1625) and the Annotationes in Novum Testamentum (1641-1650). The focus will be on one particular aspect that comes to the fore in all three works: the way Grotius reduced the Christian faith to a minimal religion by singling out the essential tenets this faith had in common with other religions. The core of Grotius’s argumentation consists in the idea that believers and, in particular, civil authorities have to distinguish between a few essential religious tenets that could be made rationally acceptable, and a set of supernatural dogmas, derived from divine revelation, that did not pass a certain, albeit very high degree of probability. As far as the second category was concerned, civil tolerance was called for. As becomes clear from contemporary correspondences, Grotius did not develop these rather controversial ideas in an intellectual vacuum. During his exile in Paris, he fostered contacts with members of the circle that formed around the French monk Marin Mersenne (1588-1648). This circle functioned as a kind of hothouse for the development of a minimal Christian creed. Members of this group saw promotion of a minimal creed as a solution to current religious controversies and the ensuing political turmoil and (civil) war, which were abhorred for their detrimental effects on the advancement of learning in the first place. On the other hand, it is also apparent that overt adherence to such an ideal was considered to be dangerous, because it would at least evoke the embarrassing and even repressive attention of the authorities in Church and government. An additional problem was that by defending such a religious stance, members of Mersenne’s circle laid themselves open to accusations of endorsing ‘rational beliefs’ like Socinianism, generally considered to be the worst heresy among all Christian denominations.

scholarly journals Αiρεσισ and αiρετικoσ in the Alexandrine school of the II and III centuries (Clement of Alexandria and Origen)

Vox Patrum ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 73-84
Author(s):  
Maria Laura Di Paolo ◽  
Vito Limone
Keyword(s):  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Human Freedom ◽  
The Other ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
Contemporary Philosophy ◽  
Christian Religion ◽  
Clement Of Alexandria ◽  
Way Of Thinking ◽  
The One ◽  
Schools Of Medicine

The aim of this study is to outline the use of the terms airesis and airetikos according the two main representatives of the Alexandrine School, Clement and Origen. In the Stromateis the word airesis has many meanings and, first of all, it is related to “the act of choice”, then, it is also a synonym for a “school” or a “sect”, hence it signifies Christian “heresy”. The connection between human freedom and schools, mainly philosophical ones, but also the schools of medicine, points out that Clement conceives “heresy” as an error, an incorrect way of thinking due to a wrong, even malicious choice, often of an intellectual nature; it sug­gests conscious deformation of a message. Hence, Clement contrasts the Gnostic airetikos and the “true Gnostic”, the man of faith who by studying the biblical texts and the Greek disciplines is enlightened by Christ (Stromata VII 92, 7). About the Origen’s usage of the term a†resij in his Contra Celsum it is worth to note that, firstly, the word a†resij always indicates the philosophical schools of Late Antiquity (cf. Contra Celsum 4, 45; 8, 53); secondly, that Origen aims at persuading his enemy, Celsus, that Christian religion is neither a refusal of philo­sophical schools nor something very different from them, but it may be regarded as an a†resij too and, in order to argue this, he shows that not only Christian reli­gion and philosophical schools share some moral and cosmological topics (Contra Celsum 3, 66; 3, 80), but also that both Christians and philosophers are moved by the some ¥logoj for£ (Contra Celsum 1, 10). Therefore, in Origen’s Contra Celsum the a†resij means not only the philosophical schools of the II and III centuries, but also the Christian religion as long as it is accepted by the Heathens. In conclusion, this study shows, once again, that, as the two representatives of Alexandria were in dialogue with the brilliant exponents of the contemporary philosophy, they were called to explain the importance of faith on the intellectual side, using some terms and conceptions of the main schools, on the one side, and by distinguishing Christian faith from them, on the other.

Boethius of Dacia (fl. c.1275)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sten Ebbesen
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Natural Science ◽  
The Other ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
Independent System ◽  
Christian Doctrine ◽  
Original Theory ◽  
Rational Understanding ◽  
Human Intellect ◽  
Main Strategy

Boethius developed an original theory of scientific knowledge designed to reconcile science with Christian doctrine without allowing one to determine the contents of the other. His main strategy was to consider each science as an independent system of axioms and theorems while also operating with a hierarchy of causes, the highest of which (God) is fundamentally unpredictable as to its operations. Boethius did, however, stress the powers of the human intellect and the possibility of reaching happiness through rational understanding; he vigorously objected to demands that natural science should adapt its axioms to the demands of Christian faith. This laid him open to suspicions of heresy. Boethius’ work on grammar is the most complete application of his ideas of how to construct a science.

Dialogue with the other as Potential and Peril in Robinson Crusoe

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon D. Fulton
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
Robinson Crusoe ◽  
Recent Discussion ◽  
European Contact ◽  
Narrative Report

This essay studies an important scene in the literature of European contact with non-Europeans, Robinson Crusoe's conversion of his man Friday to Christianity, drawing on recent discussion of dialogue within ethnography, and paying particular attention to the presentation of speech. It argues that when Crusoe finds Friday more than a match for him in dialogue he turns away from dialogue, to theological reverie focused on himself and to narrative report of their conversation, fashioning an account in which Christian faith and colonial dominance support each other in the establishment of Crusoe's island kingdom.

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