Active Ageing: The Need to Address Sub-National Diversity. An Evidence-Based Approach for Italy

While active ageing has emerged as a main strategy to address the challenges of population ageing in Europe, recent research has stressed the need to increase knowledge on within-country differences to promote active ageing through appropriate policy responses. This article draws on the Active Ageing Index (AAI) to capture recent trends in active ageing in Italy with a focus on sub-national diversity. To this end, we compute AAI breakdowns by region separately for men and women for four different years: 2007, 2009, 2012 and 2018. Then, we use linear regression to describe the geographical and sex-specific patterns of change in the AAI over the considered period. The results demonstrate the diversity of regional outcomes and trends in the active ageing of Italian men and women, indicating that the widening geographic gap deserves further consideration by national and regional authorities in designing and implementing active ageing policies. By showing the persistence of disparities in the value of the indicator to the disadvantage of women, results also suggest the need to further integrate both the gender dimension and the life-cycle perspective into active ageing strategies. This article provides an example of how the AAI can be used as a practical tool by policy makers to monitor active ageing trends and outcomes at the sub-national level, and to identify target areas that require further action.

Evaluation of reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2

The main strategy for response and control of COVID-19 demands the use of rapid, accurate diagnostic tests aimed at the first point of health care. During the emergency, an increase in asymptomatic and symptomatic cases results in a great demand for molecular tests, which is promoting the development and application of rapid diagnostic technologies. In this study, we describe the development and evaluation of RT-LAMP to detect SARS-CoV-2 based on three genes (ORF1ab, M and N genes) in monoplex and triplex format. RT-LAMP assays were compared with the gold standard method RT-qPCR. The triplex format (RdRp, M and N genes) allowed obtaining comparable results with de RT-qPCR (RdRp and E genes), presented a sensitivity of 98.9% and a specificity of 97.9%, opening the opportunity to apply this method to detect SARS-CoV-2 at primary health-care centers.

Public health, surveillance policies and actions to prevent community spread of COVID-19 in Denmark, Serbia and Sweden

Aim: This study investigates the non-medical public health and surveillance policies and actions for tackling the community spread of COVID-19 pandemic in Denmark, Serbia and Sweden during the first five months of the pandemic in 2020. Method: The study is inspired by a process-tracing design for case study with a focus on the non-medical measures and surveillance strategies implemented by the three countries. The comprehensive collection and study of national documents formed the basis of the document analysis. Results: The Danish strategy was to prolong the transmission period, preventing high numbers of infected cases from impacting their healthcare capacity. The government’s strategy was characterized by strict governance elements, health guidelines and behavioural recommendations. In Serbia, the main strategy was to prevent the spread and control of the infectious disease by shifting all human and material resources towards the function of controlling the spread. Serbia applied the strictest measures in the fight against coronavirus in relation to other countries in the region and in Europe. The Swedish strategy focused more on recommendations than requirements to motivate the public to modify their behaviours voluntarily. Sweden’s loose pandemic strategy implementation focused on voluntary and stepwise action rather than legislation and compulsory measures. Conclusions: The public health policies and actions implemented to prevent community spread of COVID-19 in Denmark, Serbia and Sweden varied during the first five months of the pandemic. The differences in their response were due to delays in implementation, inconsistencies in perspectives towards the outbreak and the capacity of each country in terms of their pandemic preparedness and response.

The hybrid compounds as multi-target ligands for the treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: Considerations on Donepezil

: The strategies to combat Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) have been changing with respect to the failures of many drug candidates assessed in clinical studies, the complex pathophysiology of AD, and the limitations of the current drugs employed. So far, none of the targets, either validated or nonvalidated, have been shown to be purely causative in the generation and development of AD. Considering the progressive and the neurodegenerative characteristics of the disease, the main strategy has been based on the design of molecules capable of showing activity on more than one receptor, and it is defined as multi-target ligand design strategy. The hybrid molecule concept is an outcome of this approach. Donepezil, as one of the currently employed drugs for AD therapy, has also been utilized in hybrid drug design studies. This review has aimed to present the promising donepezil-like hybrid molecules introduced in the recent period. Particularly, multi-target ligands with additional activities concomitant to cholinesterase inhibition are preferred.

Strategi Marketing Mix Home Industry Pengrajin Gula Kelapa Sebagai Pengembangan Produk Lokal di Kecamatan Jeruklegi

Research objectives: 1) Identify internal factors (strengths-weaknesses) and external (opportunities-threats) that affect the home marketing mix of coconut sugar industry in Jeruklegi District. 2) Analyzing alternative marketing mix strategies for the coconut sugar home industry in Jeruklegi District. 3) Analyzing the best marketing mix strategies that are priorities to be applied to the coconut sugar home industry in Jeruklegi District. The method used is a descriptive method with the research location in Jeruklegi District which was determined intentionally (Purposive Sampling) with certain selection considerations. Involving 25 respondents of coconut sugar craftsmen. The formulation of the home marketing mix strategy for the coconut sugar industry was analyzed by SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats). (Rangkuti, 2006). The results showed that internal factors were the availability of coconut trees, coconut sugar production activities were carried out continuously, the location of the coconut sugar processing business was quite strategic, the price of coconut sugar products was able to compete, the availability of experienced workers in the coconut sugar processing business, ownership of business capital. craftsmen independently, limited number of coconut trees, product quality does not yet have uniformity (taste, color and shape), lack of marketing information sources, level of production and packaging technology is still traditional, limited working capital of craftsmen, craftsmen have not done bookkeeping management and there is no group / cooperative. The position of the coconut sugar home industry in the Jeruklegi District, Cilacap Regency is in the Aggressive Region with the main strategy being the SO strategy, namely 1) Optimizing geographical conditions that support the agroclimate of natural resources and human resources of craftsmen in producing coconut sugar products continuously with competitive prices for coconut sugar products, 2) Optimizing production activities continuously in order to capture high market share opportunities both domestically and internationally with competitive prices as substitute products through partnership relationships between coconut sugar producers.

STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN JAMBU GONDANG MANIS JOMBANG

This study aims to identify what internal and external factors can be strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats to the Gondang Sweet Guava development strategy in the Gondang Manis Farmer Group. Gondang Sweet Village, Perak District, Jombang Regency. This study uses the SWOT analysis method obtained from the IFAS/EFAS matrix, SWOT quadrant and SWOT matrix. The respondents of this study were the Head of the Banjarsari Farmers Group and 15 members who were members of the Gondang Manis farmer group. Based on the results of the analysis of the IFAS matrix, the total score is 2.48, the results of the EFAS matrix analysis the total score is 2.51. After knowing the results of the IFAS/EFAS matrix, then determining the SWOT quadrant. Quadrant results show the Gondang Manis farmer group is in quadrant 1 (Grouth), namely the Gondang Manis farmer group in developing Guava needs a strategy to create new strategies to deal with various kinds of threats. The main strategy is to improve the quality of guava by harvesting it properly and properly. And produce other strategies including the strategy of improving the quality of guava through coaching pokdarwis and youth groups, maintaining the quality of guava gondang sweet. increase people's purchasing power, reduce competition between guava farmers.

New opportunities for seafarers owing to reduction emission and arising the number of Dual fuel vessels

Nowadays one of the main goal of International Maritime Organization (IMO) is to reduce pollution by vessels over the world. Due to this they implemented in MARPOL Annex VI the requirements for any gas vessel’s emissions which are setting the limits and timelines of compliance. To overcome this problem IMO adopted on 15th July 2011 the commence measures for improving vessel’s energy efficiency plan and reducing emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG). The main strategy of GHG envisages the reduction of international shipping in carbon intensity (reducing CO2 emissions from transport activities on average for international shipping from 40% to 70% by 2050). According to this, growing the problem concerning new opportunities for seafarers. That was managed on example by crewing company Nordic Hamburg at implementation the new trainings.

Prediction of Genes That Function in Methanogenesis and CO2 Pathways in Extremophiles

Gaet’ale (GAL) and Mud’ara (MUP) are two hypersaline ponds located in the Danakil Depression recharged by underground water from the surrounding highlands. These two ponds have different pH, salinity, and show variation in the concentration of many ionic components. Metagenomic analysis concludes that GAL is dominated by bacteria as in the case of the other hypersaline and acidic ponds in the Danakil Depression. However, Archaea dominated the ponds of MUP. In the current study, the application of SEED and KEGG helped to map the ordered steps of specific enzyme catalyzed reaction in converting CO2 into cell products. We predict that highly efficient and light-independent carbon fixation involving phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase takes place in MUP. On the contrary, genes encoding enzymes involved in hydrogenotrophic and acetoclastic methanogenesis appeared solely in ponds of GAL, implying the biological source of the hazardous methane gas in that environment. Based on the investigation of the sources of the genes of interest, it is clear that cooperative interactions between members of the two communities and syntrophic metabolism is the main strategy adapted to utilize inorganic carbon as a carbon source in both MUP and GAL. This insight can be used to design biotechnological applications of microbial communities in production of methane biogas or to minimize CO2 emissions.

The Strategies of Translation of Bahasa Indonesia-English in Two Indonesia Tourism Websites

This study discusses the use of translation strategies in translating Indonesian culture-bound words in two Indonesia tourism website articles. By using a descriptive qualitative analysis method, the translation strategies found in the Indonesian culture-bound words were observed using the theory from Mona Baker (2018). The rank of the most dominant strategies, from the most frequent to the least, used by both translator teams of Wonderful Indonesia and Enjoy Jakarta are loan word with an explanation, word-for-word, cultural substitution, and general word. In the Indonesia culture-bound translation, the most strategy used the culture-bound words is loan word strategy. It is better because instead of translating the Indonesia culture-bound word, the writer keep the culture-bound word in the english version and explain the meaning of the culture-bound word from explaining the history or the ingredients behind the culture-bound words so the international tourists can know the meaning behind the Indonesia culture-bound words without changing the names. In conclusion, both translator teams mostly used loan word strategy as their main strategy in the English translation, but still used other strategy in certain Indonesia culture-bound words.Keywords: translation, translation strategies, culture-bound words

The Chorion Proteome of Diaphorina citri, the Vector of Huanglongbing Disease in Citrus

Nowadays, the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri (Kuwayama) (Hemiptera: Liviidae) is considered the most devastating pest of citrus because it transmits “Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus”, the putative causal agent of huanglongbing (HLB) or citrus greening. Controlling the vector is the main strategy used to mitigate HLB. Targeting D. citri at the very early stages of its development may offer an effective control strategy. Identifying chorion proteins will contribute to a better understanding of embryo development and egg hatching and thus could lead to valuable targets to better control psyllid populations. Herein, we analyze the chorion proteins of D. citri. Mass spectrometry-based bottom-up/shotgun proteomics and databases were queried to achieve protein identification. Fifty-one proteins were identified in D. citri chorion. The D. citri chorion proteins were divided into eight categories according to their biological or molecular function: i—enzymes (25%); ii—binding proteins (10%); iii—structural proteins (8%); iv—homeostasis-related proteins, mostly vitellogenins (8%); v—proteins related to gene expression (6%); vi—immune system proteins (6%); vii—other proteins (16%); and viii—uncharacterized proteins (21%). The composition of the chorion proteome suggested that the hatching rate could be reduced by silencing chorion-related genes. The proteomic analysis of D. citri chorion tissue allowed us to identify its proteins, providing promising new targets for D. citri control through RNA interference technology.