scholarly journals Preliminary Data on the Prophylaxis of Severe Forms of Covid-19 Through Exercise

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Bogdan-Alexandru Hagiu ◽  
Iulian Dumitru Turculeț ◽  
Iulian Marius Dumitru
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Preliminary Data ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Intense Exercise ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Mature Adults ◽  
Determining Factor ◽  
At Home

"ABSTRACT. Independent studies suggest the possibility of prophylaxis of severe forms of COVID-19 through moderate-intensity exercise. There is the fear that intense exercise could increase the risk of the virus entering the cell, a determining factor being hypoxia. As a result, in this paper we aimed to assess the heart rate and oxygen saturation of the blood in the case of Kangoo Jumps and aerobic training at home. Kangoo Jumps workouts practiced in such a way as to avoid in principle the high intensity of the effort, do not produce transient hypoxia, not even in subjects whose heart rate indicated an intense effort. Preliminary data show that aerobics at home does not produce hypoxia in mature adults and the elderly, and heart rates do not exceed the limit of moderate intensity; however, additional studies are required for both categories of exercises under study."

scholarly journals Influence of Age and Moderate-Intensity Exercise Training on Heart Rate Variability in Young and Mature Adults

2003 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 446-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony S. Leicht ◽  
Graham D. Allen ◽  
Andrew J. Hoey
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Mature Adults ◽  
Vagal Modulation

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of age and moderate-intensity exercise training on heart rate variability (HRV), and to elucidate further the mechanism of training-induced bradycardia and cardioprotection. Electrocardiograms were recorded from 12 young (18-24 yrs) and 12 mature (29-43 yrs) individuals during supine rest and submaximal moderate exercise. Recordings were obtained prior to, midway, and following 16 weeks of aerobic exercise training designed to improve cardiorespiratory fitness and health. Training resulted in augmented estimated [Formula: see text] and bradycardia during rest and submaximal exercise. Total and low frequency components of HRV during exercise were significantly increased for the mature subjects following training whereas other measures of HRV were not significantly changed for either group. It was concluded that training of moderate intensity was insufficient to induce changes in the autonomic control of heart rate for young to mature subjects. The lack of significant HRV changes may suggest the existence of a vagal critical point, below which training-induced increases in vagal modulation may be forthcoming, and above which changes in vagal modulation may be negligible. Training-induced bradycardia and the cardioprotective effect of regular aerobic exercise may result from factors other than an increased vagal modulation. Key words: physical activity, ageing, autonomic nervous system, bradycardia, spectral analysis

Fat and carbohydrate metabolism during exercise in elderly and young subjects

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (6) ◽  
pp. E983-E989 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sial ◽  
A. R. Coggan ◽  
R. Carroll ◽  
J. Goodwin ◽  
S. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Relative Intensity ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Absolute Intensity ◽  
Substrate Oxidation ◽  
Carbohydrate Oxidation ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise

We evaluated the effect of aging on fat and carbohydrate metabolism during moderate intensity exercise. Glycerol, free fatty acid (FFA), and glucose rate of appearance (Ra) in plasma and substrate oxidation were determined during 60 min of cycle ergometer exercise in six elderly (73 +/- 2 yr) and six young adults (26 +/- 2 yr) matched by gender and lean body mass. The elderly group was studied during exercise performed at 56 +/- 3% of maximum oxygen uptake, whereas the young adults were studied during exercise performed at the same absolute and at a similar relative intensity as the elderly subjects. Mean fat oxidation during exercise was 25-35% lower in the elderly subjects than in the young adults exercising at either the same absolute or similar relative intensities (P < 0.05). Mean carbohydrate oxidation in the elderly group was 35% higher than the young adults exercising at the same absolute intensity (P < 0.001) but 40% lower than the young adults exercising at the same relative intensity (P < 0.001). Average FFA Ra in the elderly subjects was 85% higher than in the young adults exercising at the same absolute intensity (P < 0.05) but 35% lower than the young adults exercising at a similar relative intensity (P < 0.05). We conclude that fat oxidation is decreased while carbohydrate oxidation is increased during moderate intensity exercise in elderly men and women. The shift in substrate oxidation was caused by age-related changes in skeletal muscle respiratory capacity because lipolytic rates and FFA availability were not rate limiting in the older subjects.

scholarly journals Effects of Moderate Intensity Exercise on Glutathione Peroxidase Activity and VO2max in Elderly Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (A) ◽  
pp. 230-233
Author(s):  
Gusbakti Rusip ◽  
Sri Mukti Suhartini
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Spearman Test ◽  
Gpx Activity

BACKGROUND: Sedentary lifestyle in the elderly decreases the function of cardiovascular system may lead reduction performance. Many previous studies reported that moderate intensity aerobic exercise was recommended for older persons because it may increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) at optimum level. The increasing of ROS can activate antioxidant mechanism against oxidatif stress due to exercise. AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the change of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and VO2max on moderate intensity aerobic exercise and its correlation. METHODS: The study design was quasi-experimental. Subjects were sedentary elderly women age 65 ± 5.06 years old. Total subject was 73 persons selected by consecutive sampling. Subjects did moderate intensity aerobic exercise for 12 weeks by walking for 30 min a day, 3 times a week at 50–85% of maximum heart rate. The parameters were measured on the baseline and 12 weeks after exercise. GPx activity from the plasma was examined by ELISA and the VO2max was measured by 6-min walking distance. The data were analyzed by unpaired t-test and Spearman test. RESULTS: GPx activity and VO2max were significantly increased about 41.75% and 24.11% (p < 0.05) on the experimental group, respectively. There was a correlation between GPx activity and VO2max (r = 0.223, p = 0.041). CONCLUSION: Regular moderate intensity aerobic exercise significantly increased GPx activity and VO2max. This kind of exercise is advised for the elderly because it can elevate antioxidant level as a defense against oxidative stress due to aging; therefore, it can improve aerobic capacity in the elderly.

The accuracy of fitness watches for the measurement of heart rate and energy expenditure during moderate intensity exercise

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew R. JAGIM ◽  
Nicolas KOCH-GALLUP ◽  
Clayton L. CAMIC ◽  
Leah KROENING ◽  
Charles NOLTE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise

Eight weeks of moderate-intensity exercise training increases heart rate variability in sedentary postmenopausal women

2004 ◽  
Vol 147 (5) ◽  
pp. e8-e15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radim Jurca ◽  
Timothy S Church ◽  
Gina M Morss ◽  
Alexander N Jordan ◽  
Conrad P Earnest
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise

Age alters regional distribution of blood flow during moderate-intensity exercise

1995 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 1112-1119 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Kenney ◽  
C. W. Ho
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Renal Blood Flow ◽  
Skin Blood Flow ◽  
Forearm Blood Flow ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Splanchnic Blood Flow ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Plasma Norepinephrine ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise

During dynamic exercise in warm environments, requisite increases in skin and active muscle blood flows are supported by increasing cardiac output (Qc) and redistributing flow away from splanchnic and renal circulations. To examine the effect of age on these responses, six young (Y; 26 +/- 2 yr) and six older (O; 64 +/- 2 yr) men performed upright cycle exercise at 35 and 60% of peak O2 consumption (VO2peak) in 22 and 36 degrees C environments. To further isolate age, the two age groups were closely matched for VO2peak, weight, surface area, and body composition. Measurements included heart rate, Qc (CO2 rebreathing), skin blood flow (from increases in forearm blood flow (venous occlusion plethysmography), splanchnic blood flow (indocyanine green dilution), renal blood flow (p-amino-hippurate clearance), and plasma norepinephrine concentration. There were no significant age differences in Qc; however, in both environments the O group maintained Qc at a higher stroke volume and lower heart rate. At 60% VO2peak, forearm blood flow was significantly lower in the O subjects in each environment. Splanchnic blood flow fell (by 12–14% in both groups) at the lower intensity, then decreased to a greater extent at 60% VO2peak in Y than in O subjects (e.g., -45 +/- 2 vs. -33 +/- 3% for the hot environment, P < 0.01). Renal blood flow was lower at rest in the O group, remained relatively constant at 35% VO2peak, then decreased by 20–25% in both groups at 60% VO2peak. At 60% VO2peak, 27 and 37% more total blood flow was redistributed away from these two circulations in the Y than in the O group at 22 and 36 degrees, respectively. It was concluded that the greater increase in skin blood flow in Y subjects is partially supported by a greater redistribution of blood flow away from splanchnic and renal vascular beds.

scholarly journals Effect of short moderate intensity exercise bouts on cardiovascular function and maximal oxygen consumption in sedentary older adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karani Magutah ◽  
Kihumbu Thairu ◽  
Nilesh Patel
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Cardiovascular Function ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise

AimTo investigate effect of <10 min moderate intensity exercise on cardiovascular function and maximal oxygen consumption (V˙ O2max) among sedentary adults.MethodsWe studied 53 sedentary urbanites aged ≥50 years, randomised into: (1) male (MS) and (2) female (FS) undertaking three short-duration exercise (5–10 min) daily, and (3) male (ML) and (4) female (FL) exercising 30–60 min 3–5 days weekly. Resting systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate and V˙ O2max were measured at baseline and 8 weekly for 24 weeks.ResultsAt baseline, 50% MS, 61.5% ML, 53.8% FS and 53.8% FL had SBP ≥120 mm Hg, and 14.3% MS, 53.8% ML, 23.1% FS and 38.5% FL had DBP ≥80 mm Hg. At 24 weeks, where SBP remained ≥120 mm Hg, values decreased from 147±19.2 to 132.3±9.6 mm Hg (50% of MS), from 144±12.3 to 128±7.0 mm Hg (23.1% of ML), from 143.1±9.6 to 128.0±7.0 mm Hg (53.8% of FS) and from 152.3±23.7 to 129±3.7 mm Hg (30.8% of FL). For DBP ≥80 mm Hg, MS and FS percentages maintained, but values decreased from 101±15.6 to 84.5±0.7 mm Hg (MS) and 99.0±3.6 to 87.7±4.9 mm Hg (FS). In ML and FL, percentage with DBP ≥80 mm Hg dropped to 15.4% (86.1±6.5 to 82.5±3.5 mm Hg) and (91.4±5.3 to 83.5±0.71 mm Hg). V˙ O2max increased from 26.1±4.4 to 32.0±6.2 for MS, from 25.8±5.1 to 28.8±5.4 for ML (group differences p=0.02), from 20.2±1.8 to 22.7±2.0 for FS and from 21.2±1.9 to 24.2±2.7 for FL (groups differences p=0.38).ConclusionAccumulated moderate intensity exercise bouts of <10 min confer similar-to-better cardiovascular and V˙ O2max improvements compared with current recommendations among sedentary adults.

Heart rate response to exercise and cardiorespiratory fitness of young women at high familial risk for hypertension: effects of interval vs continuous training

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 824-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel G Ciolac ◽  
Edimar A Bocchi ◽  
Julia MD Greve ◽  
Guilherme V Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Familial Risk ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Hypertensive Disorder ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Response To Exercise

Exercise training is an effective intervention for treating and preventing hypertension, but its effects on heart rate (HR) response to exercise and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) of non-hypertensive offspring of hypertensive parents (FH+) has not been studied. We compared the effects of three times per week equal-volume high-intensity aerobic interval (AIT) and continuous moderate-intensity exercise (CME) on HR response to exercise and CRF of FH+. Forty-four young FH+ women (25.0 ± 4.4 years) randomized to control (CON; n = 12), AIT (80–90% of VO2MAX; n = 16), or CME (50–60% of VO2MAX; n = 16) performed a graded exercise test (GXT) before and after 16 weeks of follow-up to evaluate HR response to exercise and several parameters of CRF. Resting, maximal, and reserve HR did not change after the follow-up in all groups. HR recovery (difference between HRMAX and HR at 1 minute of GXT recovery phase) improved only after AIT (11.8 ± 4.9 vs. 20.6 ± 5.8 bpm, p < 0.01). Both exercise programmes were effective for improving CRF parameters, but AIT was more effective than CME for improving oxygen consumption at the respiratory compensation point (VO2RCP; 22.1% vs. 8.8%, p = 0.008) and maximal effort (VO2MAX; 15.8% vs. 8.0%, p = 0.036), as well as tolerance time (TT) to reach anaerobic threshold (TTAT; 62.0 vs. 37.7, p = 0.048), TTRCP (49.3 vs. 32.9, p = 0.032), and TTMAX (38.9 vs. 29.2, p = 0.042). Exercise intensity was an important factor in improving HR recovery and CRF of FH+women. These findings may have important implications for designing exercise-training programmes for the prevention of an inherited hypertensive disorder.

Aerobic Exercise Training and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Older Adults: A Randomized Control Trial

1999 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 374-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Boileau ◽  
Edward McAuley ◽  
Demetra Demetriou ◽  
Naveen K. Devabhaktuni ◽  
Gregory L. Dykstra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Before And After

A trial was conducted to examine the effect of moderate aerobic exercise training (AET) on cardiorespiratory (CR) fitness. Previously sedentary participants, age 60-75 years, were randomly assigned to either AET treatment or a control group for 6 months. The AET consisted of walking for 40 min three times/week at an intensity that elevated heart rate to 65% of maximum heart rate reserve. The control group performed a supervised stretching program for 40 min three times/week. CR fitness was assessed before and after the treatments during a grade-incremented treadmill walking test. Both absolute and relative peak V̇O2 significantly increased (p < .01) in the AET group, whereas they decreased modestly in the control group. Maximum treadmill time increased significantly (p < .01) in the AET group relative to the control group. These results indicate that CR fitness as measured by peak V̇O2 modestly improves in the elderly with a moderate-intensity, relatively long-term aerobic exercise program.

scholarly journals The effect of moderate versus high intensity exercise on heart rate variability in sedentary office workers

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
Vibha Gangwar ◽  
Manish Kumar Verma ◽  
Ritesh Singh Gangwar ◽  
Nitin Ashok John ◽  
Rajani Bala Jasrotia
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Office Workers ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Group I ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Sedentary behavior is one of the leading modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. Physical exercise exerts beneficial physiological effects on cardiovascular fitness. Different grades of physical exercise have different effects on cardiovascular health. Objective: To compare the effect of moderate and high intensity exercise training on heart rate variability (HRV) in sedentary office workers. Methods: This study was conducted on 40 healthy sedentary volunteers aged between 20-40 years of both the genders. Participants were distributed into two groups of 20 subjects each. Subjects of group I and group II performed moderate intensity and high intensity exercise respectively on bicycle ergometer for 12 weeks. Their 5- minute ECG recording was done by three channel physiograph, and frequency domain indices of HRV and heart rate (HR) were analyzed and compared before and after exercise training. Their blood pressure was also recorded and compared before and after exercise training. Independent sample t-test and paired sample ttest were used for statistical analysis. Results: HF, systolic and diastolic blood pressure reduced significantly after exercise in group II (p=0.015, 0.005, and 0.015 respectively) while HR and LF/HF ratio reduced in both group I and group II (p=0.000 for HR, and 0.034, 0.001 for LF/HF). The decrease in HR was greater after high intensity exercise than moderate intensity exercise (p= 0.025). Conclusion: Parasympathetic activity improves after moderate and high intensity exercise but improvement is more after high intensity exercise training. Therefore, high intensity exercise training is more beneficial than moderate intensity exercise training. J Bngladesh Soc Physiol 2021;16(1): 16-23

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