scholarly journals VECTORS OF ECONOMIC MARGINALIZATION ANALYSIS: SOCIO-PHILOSOPHICAL ASPECT

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Halyna Ivanivna Madi ◽  
◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 01016
Author(s):  
Andrejs Vilks

The author of the article turns attention to the phenomenon of human life, recognizing it as the value which is hard and complicated to define. The price of a human life comprises philosophical, political, sociological and legal issues. From the legal and philosophical aspect the price of a human life is practically impossible to determine, since it is worth the highest price. Determination of the price of human life means admitting that a human is the measure of value in a certain community under appropriate socially economic conditions. Different approaches and methodologies are applied in determination of a materialized price of a human life, therefore the rating of the price is varied. In determining the price of a human life, the legal aspect is important, since it deals with the fixation of the amount of compensations in cases of an individual's loss of life and calculations of the insurance costs.


The article explores the philosophical aspect of the basic approaches to the creation of selfdetermining machine intelligence. The problem of understanding machine intelligence appears for modern philosophy as a complex and multidimensional task. One of the most controversial issues in this context is hypothetical future of self-determining machine intelligence. Very topical at the same time are various transhumanist ideas. These ideas express concern for a certain good, although in their specific understanding. It refers to the benefit for both the modern man and those who are considered as other forms of human being (transhumans, posthumans, etc.). In the course of mutual enrichment of concepts that denote different directions of computerization and transhumanism, something qualitatively new arises: the concept of self-determining machine intelligence in its modern form. However, a complete description and an adequate understanding of this type of intelligence is a super complicated task. In this case, it is required to create a common “metamodel”, which “promises” the achievement of the goal (ie, successful modeling). Such a “metamodel” should consistently generate relevant research problems for more specific studies. But at a certain stage it can turn out to be one of those “paradigms” that, as T. S. Kuhn wrote, stopped generating research problems and instead turned into the “tools” of engineering disciplines. Therefore, it should be noted that denying the importance of responding to possible threats at the level of a common “metamodel” can provide a precedent for non-response for any other “less hypothetical” danger. An adequate methodological principle for solving this problem is the precautionary principle. According to this principle, the scientific community and society must move towards one common goal. This means that it is necessary to eliminate fears of society about the dangerous prospects of scientific and technological growth, popularize scientific knowledge, overcome myths that non-specialists associate with science. It is necessary to create reserves to answer the permissible, and not only confidently predicted threats. These reserves are created not only in the course of scientific research, but also through the humanization of science and society, the humanization of the human mentality itself. Only on this basis the ability of society to respond adequately to crisis situations can be made.


2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 90-94
Author(s):  
N. Telegina ◽  
T. Butsyak

For the purpose of defining Iris Murdoch’s artistic method a complex investigation of the problems and style of her famous novel “The Black Prince” was made. Special attention was given to the philosophical problems of Good and Evil, Contingency and Necessity in human life, absurdity, choice, aloofness, to the philosophical aspect of the novel, which is revealed with the help of the flash-back technique. The problems raised in the novel, its sensitive main character absorbed in psychoanalysis and looking for the sense of existence, naturalistic details & the postscripts, revealing different subjective points of view on the same events, prove that the novel should be regarded as existentialist


Author(s):  
Natalia Yu. Beregovaya ◽  
Olga A. Karlova

The article considers the philosophical aspect of defining the immanence and attribution of the concept of “tolerance” to the culture itself. The subject of the research is especially relevant due to the modern processes that are happening in the global world, and the difference in key methodological positions of modern Russian and Western science on this issue today. The purpose of this study is to clarify the philosophical basis of the existing opposition of societies with traditional ethical cultures (Russia, China) and the ‘new-type’ poly-state European ethnic community. Based on the analysis of current social processes in Russia and Europe using the comparative historical method, modelling methods and model extrapolation in the field of culture studies, social psychology and political science, the article identifies the main approaches to ethnic and social identity, their cultural and ideological components. The authors prove the hypothesis that culture requires designation of its border with another culture, recognition of this border, which distinguishes and confirms cultural semantics. Denial of this fact is a method of ideological manipulation of the ethno-social consciousness of society in the framework of globalisation processes


Author(s):  
Ada Alexandrovna Bernatskaya

The purpose of the article is to outline the specifics of the discourse of information psychological war on the material of fiction.As a result of consistent interpretation of the key concepts as the basis of the linguo-philosophical aspect of the study, it is concluded that information psychological war as a socio-and linguo-cultural phenomenon responds to all the features and categories of discourse. The object of this research consists in the implementation of the information psychological war subtype, the dominant attribute of which is the material / object of study (a combination of aesthetic function with a number of social ones) and the content heterogeneity of the text as a condition for the potential realization of any discourses in it. The author raises an is sue about the scientific and ethical pro and contra of the research of fiction from the information psychological war perspective. The conclusion is made about the necessity of introducing the factor of “degree” of confrontation / struggle and, accordingly, the study of the fiction for the individual symptoms / features of information psychological war.The conditions and criteria for their establishment in specific practices are formulated.The article presents the targets of information psychological war in the discursive practices studied earlier by the author.In conclusion, the criteria for the selection of fiction texts in the aspect of information psychological war and the criteria for distinguishing information psychological war symptoms from social criticism are summarized.


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