scholarly journals How to access land for producing organic food? Land policy options grounded in Torres Vedras, Portugal

Ciudades ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 99-118
Author(s):  
Cecília Delgado
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Organic Food ◽  
Land Policy ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
Local Production ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Land Access

Organic food demand in Portugal swiftly increases due to local governments willingness to include organic and locally produced food in school meals. We argue that local production is limited because there are no multi-sector or multi-actors approaches regarding land access, a necessity to secure local organic food supply.  Based on a stakeholder’s mapping approach and semi-structured interviews and taking Torres Vedras as a pilot study we conclude that local policies require a bundle of instruments which should be made suitable for local realities. Nevertheless, local authorities have a key-role to play as facilitators for accessing land for organic food production.

The Dynamics of Food Insecurity in Ethiopia

2017 ◽  
pp. 1177-1195
Author(s):  
Melak Mesfin Ayenew
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Policy ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Purchasing Power ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
Food Expenditure ◽  
Access To Food ◽  
Daily Calorie Intake

This paper assesses the dynamics of food insecurity in Ethiopia and tests policy options and scenarios that could alleviate the problem in the future. The study assess food security based on the pillars; food availability, access to food and stability. A System Dynamics model is designed which integrate population, market and food production sectors and is used to analyze past and future developments. Model results show that both the food supplies and the purchasing power of the population were insufficient for ensuring the required daily calorie intake of the population. Land degradation contributed considerably to the poor average productivity of the land. Policy analyses show that policy options such as land rehabilitation and capacity building for skilled use of agricultural land, and inputs need to be combined carefully to account for their different implementation times. Scenarios on average rainfall and food expenditure show that the food production and the purchasing power of the population are considerably influenced by erratic rainfall and economic growth respectively.

The Dynamics of Food Insecurity in Ethiopia

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 17-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melak Mesfin Ayenew
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Policy ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Purchasing Power ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
Food Expenditure ◽  
Access To Food ◽  
Daily Calorie Intake

This paper assesses the dynamics of food insecurity in Ethiopia and tests policy options and scenarios that could alleviate the problem in the future. The study assess food security based on the pillars; food availability, access to food and stability. A System Dynamics model is designed which integrate population, market and food production sectors and is used to analyze past and future developments. Model results show that both the food supplies and the purchasing power of the population were insufficient for ensuring the required daily calorie intake of the population. Land degradation contributed considerably to the poor average productivity of the land. Policy analyses show that policy options such as land rehabilitation and capacity building for skilled use of agricultural land, and inputs need to be combined carefully to account for their different implementation times. Scenarios on average rainfall and food expenditure show that the food production and the purchasing power of the population are considerably influenced by erratic rainfall and economic growth respectively.

Phosphorus: Past History and Contributions to the Global Food Supply

2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Past History ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizer ◽  
Global Food ◽  
Global Food Supply

Since its early rudimentary forms, phosphate fertilizer has developed in step with our understanding of successful food production systems. Recognized as essential to life, the responsible use P in agriculture remains key to food security.

scholarly journals Implementation of Person-Centered Care: A Feasibility Study Using the WE-CARE Roadmap

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2205
Author(s):  
Roman A. Lewandowski ◽  
Jędrzej B. Lewandowski ◽  
Inger Ekman ◽  
Karl Swedberg ◽  
Jan Törnell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Rehabilitation Hospital ◽  
Person Centered Care ◽  
Centered Care ◽  
Multi Disciplinary Team

Background: Person-Centered Care (PCC) is a promising approach towards improved quality of care and cost containment within health systems. It has been evaluated in Sweden and England. This feasibility study examines initial PCC implementation in a rehabilitation hospital for children in Poland. Methods: The WE-CARE Roadmap of enablers was used to guide implementation of PCC for patients with moderate scoliosis. A multi-disciplinary team of professionals were trained in the PCC approach and the hospital Information Technology (IT) system was modified to enhance PCC data capture. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the nine health care professionals involved in the pilot study and three patients/parents receiving care. Transcribed data were analyzed via content analysis. Results: 51 patients and their families were treated via a PCC approach. High proportions of new PCC data fields were completed by the professionals. The professionals were able to implement the three core PCC routines and perceived benefits using the PCC approach. Patients and their families also perceived improved quality care. The WE-CARE framework enablers facilitated PCC implementation in this setting. Conclusions: This feasibility pilot study indicates that the Gothenburg PCC approach can be successfully transferred to a rehabilitation hospital in Poland with favorable perceptions of implementation by both professionals and patients/their families.

scholarly journals AI-Enabled Efficient and Safe Food Supply Chain

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1223
Author(s):  
Ilianna Kollia ◽  
Jack Stevenson ◽  
Stefanos Kollias
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Domain Adaptation ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Food Supply Chain ◽  
Food Retail ◽  
Expiry Date ◽  
Safe Food

This paper provides a review of an emerging field in the food processing sector, referring to efficient and safe food supply chains, ’from farm to fork’, as enabled by Artificial Intelligence (AI). The field is of great significance from economic, food safety and public health points of views. The paper focuses on effective food production, food maintenance energy management and food retail packaging labeling control, using recent advances in machine learning. Appropriate deep neural architectures are adopted and used for this purpose, including Fully Convolutional Networks, Long Short-Term Memories and Recurrent Neural Networks, Auto-Encoders and Attention mechanisms, Latent Variable extraction and clustering, as well as Domain Adaptation. Three experimental studies are presented, illustrating the ability of these AI methodologies to produce state-of-the-art performance in the whole food supply chain. In particular, these concern: (i) predicting plant growth and tomato yield in greenhouses, thus matching food production to market needs and reducing food waste or food unavailability; (ii) optimizing energy consumption across large networks of food retail refrigeration systems, through optimal selection of systems that can be shut-down and through prediction of the respective food de-freezing times, during peaks of power demand load; (iii) optical recognition and verification of food consumption expiry date in automatic inspection of retail packaged food, thus ensuring safety of food and people’s health.

scholarly journals Zero Carbon Building Practices in Aotearoa New Zealand

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4455
Author(s):  
Thao Thi Phuong Bui ◽  
Suzanne Wilkinson ◽  
Niluka Domingo ◽  
Casimir MacGregor
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Building Projects ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Zero Carbon

In the light of climate change, the drive for zero carbon buildings is known as one response to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Within New Zealand, research on climate change mitigation and environmental impacts of buildings has received renewed attention. However, there has been no detailed investigation of zero carbon building practices. This paper undertakes an exploratory study through the use of semi-structured interviews with government representatives and construction industry experts to examine how the New Zealand construction industry plans and implements zero carbon buildings. The results show that New Zealand’s construction industry is in the early stage of transiting to a net-zero carbon built environment. Key actions to date are focused on devising a way for the industry to develop and deliver zero carbon building projects. Central and local governments play a leading role in driving zero carbon initiatives. Leading construction firms intend to maximise the carbon reduction in building projects by developing a roadmap to achieve the carbon target by 2050 and rethinking the way of designing and constructing buildings. The research results provide an insight into the initial practices and policy implications for the uptake of zero carbon buildings in Aotearoa New Zealand.

Social urbanism: public policy and place brand

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Doyle
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Social Problem ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Local Stakeholders ◽  
Place Brand ◽  
The City

PurposeThis paper aims to focus on how a public policy designed to address a social problem ultimately became the place brand.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses a qualitative case study approach focusing on the city of Medellín, Colombia. It draws from fieldwork conducted in Medellín over 2014 and 2015, including semi-structured interviews with an array of local stakeholders.FindingsThe paper concludes that local governments should be aware that the policymaking process can become part of their branding. It also shows the importance of the continual involvement of stakeholders in the place brand process to ensure it is a sustainable brand.Originality/valueThere are limited studies which focus on how a public policy designed to address a social problem ultimately becomes the place brand. This paper shows how a public policy, social urbanism, became the branding of Medellín.

scholarly journals (A343) Rebuilding Post Conflict Food Security in Liberia

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
pp. s96-s97
Author(s):  
T.W. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Food Storage ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Safe Food ◽  
Domestic Food

Liberia's 14 year civil war destroyed domestic agricultural production, veterinary and agricultural education, extension services and domestic food security. These losses severely limited domestic food production, and basic hygiene and sanitation: potable water, abattoirs, cold chain and food storage were greatly diminished. The average Liberian life expectancy fell from 45.8 in 1990 to 41.8 years presently. The population birth and death rate are two of the highest globally with a resulting population growth rate, of 2.7% per annum; this growth rate requires an immediate and concerted focus on domestic food production to alleviate nutritional inadequacy and hunger, trade imbalances and loss of foreign exchange credits. Food supply nationally is presumed adequate because of importation, though domestic production is inadequate. Unequal distribution precludes food security for all Liberians. Value chain augmentation, enhancing food availability across all sectors of Liberian society and ensuring distribution of a safe food supply needs critical development. Infant mortality remains one of the highest in the world (approximately 160/1000 births), much of which is attributed to food insecurity, food contamination and lack of uniformly available potable water. Recreation of Liberia's public health and food security requires redevelopment of disease monitoring and laboratory diagnostic capability to re-establish safe food production and handling practices across all sectors. This will allow determination of endemic disease burden for the principal livestock species: poultry, sheep, goats, cattle and swine. Creation of a national disease surveillance/monitoring system allows for targeted disease intervention, ensuring vaccination for correct serotypes and most critically prevalent diseases. Creation of community level training and support will target intervention of local diseases, but also allow for national prioritization of diseases. Targeting which are most prevalent or most likely to cause production limiting effects will require periodic surveillance, targeted vaccination, and chemotherapeutic intervention and evaluation of therapeutic success.

scholarly journals From Denmark to Delhi: the multisectoral challenge of regulatingtransfats in India

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2273-2280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shauna M Downs ◽  
Anne Marie Thow ◽  
Suparna Ghosh-Jerath ◽  
Justin McNab ◽  
K Srinath Reddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Retail Sector ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
Implementation Challenges ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Hydrogenated Vegetable Oils

AbstractObjectiveIndia has proposed legislating an upper limit oftransfat in partially hydrogenated vegetable oils and mandatingtransfat labelling in an effort to reduce intakes. The objective of the present study was to examine the complexities of regulatingtransfat in India by examining the policy processes involved and the perceived implementation challenges.DesignSemi-structured interviews (n18) were conducted with key informants from various sectors. Interviewees were asked about sources oftransfat in the food supply, existing policies that may influencetransfats and perceived challenges related to the proposedtransfat regulation, in addition to questions tailored to their area of expertise. Interview data were organised based on common themes.SettingInterviews were conducted in India.SubjectsInterviewees were key informants from various sectors including agriculture, trade, industry and health.ResultsSeveral themes were identified related to the complexity of regulatingtransfat in India. A lack oftransfat awareness, the large unorganised retail sector, a need for suitable alternative products that are both acceptable to consumers and affordable, and a need to build capacity were crucial factors affecting India's ability to successfully regulatetransfat. The limited number of food inspectors will create an additional challenge in terms of enforcement oftransfat regulation.ConclusionsAlthough India will face challenges in regulatingtransfat, legislating an upper limit oftransfat in partially hydrogenated vegetable oils will likely be the most effective approach to reducing it in the food supply. Ongoing engagement with industry, agriculture, trade and processing sectors will prove essential in terms of product reformulation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document