scholarly journals Insecticidal activity of the extracts of Piper retrofractum fruit and Tephrosia vogelii leaf and their mixtures against Crocidolomia pavonana

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Djoko Prijono ◽  
R. Dewi Ratna Wulan ◽  
Ferdi Ferdi ◽  
Nur Alfi Saryanah
Keyword(s):  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Choice Tests ◽  
Tephrosia Vogelii ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Leaf Residue ◽  
Piper Retrofractum ◽  
Weak Contact

This laboratory work was carried out to evaluate the insecticidal activity of the extracts of Piper retrofractum (Piperaceae) fruit and Tephrosia vogelii (Fabaceae) leaf and their mixtures against the cabbage head caterpillar, Crocidolomia pavonana. Ground plant materials of the two plant species were extracted separately with n-hexane and methanol. The results of leaf-residue feeding bioassays showed that P. retrofractum (Pr) and T. vogelii (Tv) hexane extracts had strong insecticidal activity against C. pavonana larvae (LC95 < 0.5%) and were more active than their respective methanol extracts. Pr and Tv hexane extract had a moderate and a rather weak contact effect on C. pavonana larvae, respectively. In feeding tests, Pr + Tv (1:1) hexane and methanol extract mixtures indicated synergistic joint effect both at LC50 and LC95 level, whereas in the contact test, the mixture of Pr + Tv (1:1) hexane extract was synergistic at the LC50 level but antagonistic at the LC95 level. In choice tests, antifeedant effects of Pr and Tv hexane extracts at LC25 to LC70 levels on C. pavonana larvae followed a concentration-dependent fashion. Thus, separate or mixed P. retrofractum and T. vogelii extracts are potential alternatives for the control of C. pavonana.

scholarly journals AKTIVITAS INSEKTISIDA EKSTRAK DAUN DAN BIJI TEPHROSIA VOGELII J. D. HOOKER (LEGUMINOSAE) DAN EKSTRAK BUAH PIPER CUBEBA L. (PIPERACEAE) TERHADAP LARVA CROCIDOLOMIA PAVONANA (F.) (LEPIDOPTERA: CRAMBIDAE)

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Muhamad Abizar ◽  
Djoko Prijono
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Feeding Method ◽  
Tephrosia Vogelii ◽  
Leaf Residue ◽  
Seed Extracts

Insecticidal activity of leaf and seed extracts of Tephrosia vogelii J. D. Hooker (Leguminosae) and fruit extract of Piper cubeba L. (Piperaceae) on the cabbage head caterpillar, Crocidolomia pavonana (L.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae).  Ethyl acetate leaf and seed extracts of Tephrosia vogelii and a solid fraction of ethyl acetate fruit extract of Piper cubeba were evaluated for their insecticidal activity on second-instar larvae Crocidolomia pavonana by a leaf-residue feeding method in the laboratory.  Leaf extracts of purple and white-flowered T. vogelii showed the same pattern of component separation on silica gel TLC plate (Rf between 0.21 and 0.94), and likewise the separation of components of seed extracts of purple and white-flowered T. vogelii (Rf between 0.31 and 0.96).  All four kinds of T. vogelii extracts showed intense UV-absorbing nonpolar spots (Rf > 0.8).  Based on LC50 ratio at day 4, leaf extract of purple-flowered T. vogelii (LC50 0.075%) was 4.30, 2.70, 2.21, and 1.64 times more toxic than fruit extract of P. cubeba, seed extract of white-flowered T. vogelii, seed extract of purple-flowered T. vogelii, and leaf extract of white-flowered T. vogelii, respectively.  All T. vogelii extracts were more toxic to C. pavonana larvae than P. cubeba fruit extract.  At LC95 level, a mixture of leaf extract of purple-flowered T. vogelii and fruit extract of P. cubeba (5:9, w/w) was more toxic to C. pavonana larvae than each extract tested separately.  This extract mixture had synergistic joint action against C. pavonana larvae both at LC50 and LC95 level.  Thus, leaf extract of purple-flowered T. vogelii and its mixture with P. cubeba fruit extract are promising to be used for controlling C. pavonana.

scholarly journals Antibacterial activity of Escherichia coli from squid ink (Loligo sp.) n-Hexane extracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 869 (1) ◽  
pp. 012033
Author(s):  
D R Utami ◽  
I Irwan ◽  
S Agustina ◽  
S Karina ◽  
S Afriani
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone Diameter ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Intermediate Concentration

Abstract Squid is one of the export commodities in Indonesia. In general, the use of squid meat, while the ink is only as waste. In fact, Squid ink contain bioactive compound that potential as anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, anti-diabetic,anti-microbial and anti-malaria agents. The purpose of the study is to determine the types of secondary metabolite compounds contained in n-hexane extract of Loligo sp. ink using maceration method to determine its antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli. The results of secondary metabolite compounds obtained from the n-hexane extract of Loligo sp. ink are alkaloid, saponins, glycosides and phenol. The results of antibacterial test against E. coli using the disc method obtained the average of inhibition zone diameter at the concentration of 4% is 6.3 mm (intermediate), concentration of 8% is 7.83 mm (intermediate), concentration of 16% is 14.5 mm (susceptible) and concentration of 32% is 10.83 mm (intermediate). The antibacterial activity in n-hexane extract of Loligo sp. ink is optimal at the concentration of 16% against E. coli bacteria.

scholarly journals SENYAWA ANTIMAKAN TERHADAP Epilachna Sparsa DARI BATANG GAYAM (Inocarpus fagiferus Fosb.)

Jurnal Kimia ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
S. R. Santi ◽  
I M. Sukadana ◽  
N. N. T. Hanayanthi
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Mass Spectra ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Antifeedant Activity ◽  
Insecticide Activity ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Bottom Side ◽  
Crude Methanol Extract

Epilachna sparsa is one of the plant pests that damage the epidermal layer on the bottom side of the leaves, so it can lead to damage of leaf tissue and only the skeleton remains. Gayam (Inocarpus fagiferus) is one of the species of the Legumineceae family which has insecticide activity. This study aims to isolate and identify the antifeedant triterpenoid compound from stem of gayam (Inocarpus fagiferus Fosb.) against Epilachna sparsa larvae. Dried powder of 1200 g gayam stems produced 17.82 g of crude methanol extract with antifeedant activity of 60.74% at a concentration of 5% (w/v) which was further separated by partition to obtain n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water extracts. Extracts of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water at 5% (w/v) concentration showed antifeedant activity of 46.74%, 18.09%, and 8.31% respectively. Futhermore, the most active n-hexane extract was identified by phytochemical tests and LC-MS/MS. The phytochemical test showed n-hexane extract contains triterpenoid compounds. The mass spectra from LC-MS/MS chromatogram peaks with MassLynx V4.1 software and Chemspider database for n-hexane extracts which were previously purified by SPE (Solid method) Phase Extraction) using methanol and dichloromethane (DCM) eluents show the presence of components of flavonol pyrogallol, sucrose2,3,3 ', 4', 6-pentaacetate, soyasaponin I, and a compound with a molecular weight of 685,225 g/mol which cannot be identified further because there is no match spectra with the database.    Keywords: antifeedant, Epilachna sparsa, gayam, Inocarpus fagiferus Fosb., triterpenoid.

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF UV ABSORBANCE BY HEXANE EXTRACTS OF APPLE SURFACES SUGGEST A MODIFIED HYPOTHESIS ON THE ROLE OF CONJUGATED TRIENES IN SCALD DEVELOPMENT ON APPLES

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1159d-1159
Author(s):  
Zhanyuan Du ◽  
William J. Bramlage
Keyword(s):  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Uv Absorbance ◽  
Superficial Scald ◽  
Data Support ◽  
Conjugated Trienes ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Fruit Surface

Much correlative data support the hypothesis that superficial scald on apples results from oxidation of α farnesene to conjugated trienes (CT) in the coating of apples. However, these associations are poorly defined both chemically and physiologically. α Farnesene and CT are measured as OD 232 and OD 281-290, respectively, of a hexane extract of the fruit surface. During assays, we observed anomalies in absorbance characteristics of extracts from fruit with different scald potentials, particularly in the region of 258 nm. Results suggest that absorbance near 258 nm might represent a metabolite of CT, which may be further metabolized. It appeared that under different conditions, CT metabolism could be altered, resulting in changed ratios of OD 258/OD 281. Higher ratios correlated with lower scald development, regardless of CT concentration. Thus, CT metabolism, rather than its concentration, may determine if scald occurs.

scholarly journals CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF HEXANE EXTRACT JUGLANS REGIA LEAVES AND THEIR INSECTICIDAL ACTIVITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (3-1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Umidjon Mamarozikov ◽  
Mavlyuda Suvanova ◽  
Gulxan Genjemuratova ◽  
Saida Turaeva ◽  
Rano Zakirova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Hexane Extract

scholarly journals Chemical Constituents and Insecticidal Activity of Senna italica Mill. from the Sudan

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 146-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakina Yagi ◽  
Sayadat El Tigani ◽  
Mayada Ali ◽  
Ibrahim Elkhidir ◽  
Abdelhafeez M.A. Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Spectral Methods ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Major Chemical

The chemical constituents and insecticidal activity of the pods of Senna italica (Caesalpiniaceae, Fabaceae) were investigated. From the chloroform extract of pods, physcion, chrysophanol, chrysophanol-10,10′-bianthrone, chrysophanol-physcion bianthrone and chrysophanol-isophyscion bianthrone, were isolated and characterized using different spectral methods. The GC-MS of the n-hexane extract revealed that the major chemical constituents of the oil were 2,6,-di-sec-butylphenol (36.69 %), di-n-octylphthalate (12.06 %), eicosane (5.46 %), tetratriacontane (4.87 %) and 2,2'-methylenebis[6-(1,1-dimethyl)-4-methylphenol (4.18 %). The n-hexane extract showed potent insecticidal activity (100 %) against Callosbruchus analis F. This study suggests that S. italica pods cannot be a source of sennosides but for other bioactive compounds.

scholarly journals GC-MS analysis of the essential oil, aroma components and n-hexane extract of St. John Wort (Hypericum perforatum L., Hypericaceae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (01) ◽  
pp. 63-77
Author(s):  
Arijeta Shabani ◽  
Marija Karapandzova ◽  
Ivana Cvetkovikj Karanfilova ◽  
Gjose Stefkov ◽  
Svetlana Kulevanova
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Hypericum Perforatum ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Specific Chemical ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Pharmacological Potential ◽  
Aroma Components

St. John Wort (Hypercum perforatum L., Hypericaceae) has been used as a medicinal plant for a long period of time as this plant is characterized by a diversity of bioactive constituents which possess well documented pharmacological activities including antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hepatoprotective and anti-tumoral activity. Nowadays, special interest is put on its essential oil as some experimental studies showed great biological and pharmacological potential. According this, the main goal of this study was GC/MS analysis of the essential oil, aroma components as well as n-hexane extracts of Hypericum perforatum that grows in Western region in R. Macedonia. GC/FID/MS analyses of the isolated essential oils from leaf, flower and herb resulted in the identification of 84 compounds. The fraction of sesquiterpenes was dominated in all examined oils and the main constituents were germacrene D (17.77-39.03%), E-caryophyllene (11.37-25.71%) and β-selinene (0.69-4.77%). GC/HS/MS analyses of the aroma components resulted in the identification of 23 compounds. Among them, isononane was identified as main aroma component (up to 75%). GC/FID/MS analyses of the n-hexane extracts resulted in the identification of 60 compounds which were characterized by the presence of terpenoid (mono- and sesquiterpene) components and non-terpenoid constituents mainly consisted of hydrocarbons and their oxygenate derivatives and related components. The non-terpenoid fraction represented the largest part of the analysed extracts. The most abundant were nonacosane (15.45-49.28%), octacosane (1.33-40.05%) and pentacosane (1.68-9.04%). The aerial parts of H. perforatum collected from Western part of R. Macedonia could be considered as a good source of essential oil with specific chemical profile as well as aroma components and high lipophilic compounds, but further investigation should be done in accordance to their possible commercial or medicinal use. Keywords: Hypericum perforatum, essential oil, aroma components, n-hexane extract, GC-MS

scholarly journals Hexane Extract of Rhizomes of Curcuma Longa, Zingiber Officinale and Curcumine Life Span Extension in Caenorhabditis Elegans By Reducing Fat in Intestine

Med Phoenix ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Parveen Gazala ◽  
Basavan Duraiswamy ◽  
Firoz Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Life Span Extension ◽  
Hexane Extracts

Background: Curcumine is obtained from curcuma longa and we examined the effects of curcumin, hexane extracts of Curcuma longa and Zingiber officinale on the lifespan and aging in Caenorhabditis elegans and found that it responded to curcumin, hexane extracts of Curcuma longa and Zingiber officinale with an increased lifespan and reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species during aging.Methods: MutantStrains, culture, Curcumin and Hexane extract of Rhizomes of Curcuma longa and Zingiber officinale treatment of C. Elegan.Results: Curcumin and hexane extracts of Curcuma longa and Zingiber officinale increased the life span and life cycle of the N2 wild type and Zdls-5 worms. On comparison, curcumin was found to be the most effective followed by the hexane extracts of Curcuma longa and hexane extracts of Zingiber officinale. Hexane extracts of Zingiber officinale were found to be least effective. Sudan black staining exhibited that stored contents of fat in C.elegans decreased as the concentration of the drug increased.Conclusions: Our study has established that curcumin and hexane extract of rhizomes of Curcuma longa and Zingiber officinale provides longevity and decreases the fat content in C.elegans.Med Phoenix. Vol. 3, Issue. 1, 2018, Page: 21-28                                            

scholarly journals Antioxidant, Antiglycation, and Hypoglycaemic Effect of Seriphium plumosum Crude Plant Extracts

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian K. Beseni ◽  
Victor P. Bagla ◽  
Idris Njanje ◽  
Thabe M. Matsebatlela ◽  
Leseilane Mampuru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
C2c12 Cells ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Glut4 Translocation ◽  
Insulin Mimetic ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Dpph Scavenging ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycaemia

Diabetes is a severely debilitating metabolic disorder characterised by chronic hyperglycaemia. Traditional medicinal plants provide an important avenue for the development of novel antidiabetic agents. The antidiabetic potential of the methanol, acetone, and hexane extracts of S. plumosum was assessed using different parameters. These included secondary metabolite quantification, hypoglycaemic, cytotoxic effects, and GLUT4 translocation augmentation on C2C12 cells. The methanol extract contained the highest amount of total phenolic and flavonoid compounds and showed enhanced antioxidant activity. The methanol extracts had the best DPPH scavenging (EC50 = 0.72 mg/ml) and ferric reducing powers (EC50 = 2.31 mg/ml). The hexane extract resulted in the highest glucose uptake activity of 35, 77% with respect to all other treatments after a 6-hour exposure period. Immunocytochemistry technique further revealed that the increased glucose utilisation may be due to increased membrane fused GLUT4 molecules in C2C12 cells. The hexane extract was also shown to upregulate the phosphorylation of p70 S6 kinase and Akt1/2. The study highlights a probable insulin-mimetic activity of the hexane extract via the augmentation of Akt1/2 phosphorylation which is involved in the GLUT4 translocation pathway. Furthermore, the study represents the first report on the cytotoxic effect, GLUT4 translocation, and glucose uptake potential of S. plumosum.

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