scholarly journals A Statistical Evaluation and Modeling on the Social Transitivity Behavior

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiao Yi Yang ◽  
Frederick Kin Hing Phoa ◽  
Yen-Sheng Chiang
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Statistical Evaluation ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sharing Behavior

Transitivity is one of the most important mechanisms to form a social network in a human society, but it remains unclear how such behavior is quantified and affected by some key factors, including the social environment and the participants' characters. This study investigates the sharing behavior based on the notion of transitivity and an experiment is conducted on a variety of populations from kindergarteners to teenagers. The key effects that have high impacts to the sharing behavior are identified from the statistical analysis of the experimental results. A mathematical model is built for the experimental results and its performance compared with other models is also illustrated.

scholarly journals The peer effect on pain tolerance

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solveig Engebretsen ◽  
Arnoldo Frigessi ◽  
Kenth Engø-Monsen ◽  
Anne-Sofie Furberg ◽  
Audun Stubhaug ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Pain Tolerance ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Peer Effect ◽  
Influence Effect ◽  
The Social ◽  
Average Pain

Abstract Background and aims Twin studies have found that approximately half of the variance in pain tolerance can be explained by genetic factors, while shared family environment has a negligible effect. Hence, a large proportion of the variance in pain tolerance is explained by the (non-shared) unique environment. The social environment beyond the family is a potential candidate for explaining some of the variance in pain tolerance. Numerous individual traits have previously shown to be associated with friendship ties. In this study, we investigate whether pain tolerance is associated with friendship ties. Methods We study the friendship effect on pain tolerance by considering data from the Tromsø Study: Fit Futures I, which contains pain tolerance measurements and social network information for adolescents attending first year of upper secondary school in the Tromsø area in Northern Norway. Pain tolerance was measured with the cold-pressor test (primary outcome), contact heat and pressure algometry. We analyse the data by using statistical methods from social network analysis. Specifically, we compute pairwise correlations in pain tolerance among friends. We also fit network autocorrelation models to the data, where the pain tolerance of an individual is explained by (among other factors) the average pain tolerance of the individual’s friends. Results We find a significant and positive relationship between the pain tolerance of an individual and the pain tolerance of their friends. The estimated effect is that for every 1 s increase in friends’ average cold-pressor tolerance time, the expected cold-pressor pain tolerance of the individual increases by 0.21 s (p-value: 0.0049, sample size n=997). This estimated effect is controlled for sex. The friendship effect remains significant when controlling for potential confounders such as lifestyle factors and test sequence among the students. Further investigating the role of sex on this friendship effect, we only find a significant peer effect of male friends on males, while there is no significant effect of friends’ average pain tolerance on females in stratified analyses. Similar, but somewhat lower estimates were obtained for the other pain modalities. Conclusions We find a positive and significant peer effect in pain tolerance. Hence, there is a significant tendency for students to be friends with others with similar pain tolerance. Sex-stratified analyses show that the only significant effect is the effect of male friends on males. Implications Two different processes can explain the friendship effect in pain tolerance, selection and social transmission. Individuals might select friends directly due to similarity in pain tolerance, or indirectly through similarity in other confounding variables that affect pain tolerance. Alternatively, there is an influence effect among friends either directly in pain tolerance, or indirectly through other variables that affect pain tolerance. If there is indeed a social influence effect in pain tolerance, then the social environment can account for some of the unique environmental variance in pain tolerance. If so, it is possible to therapeutically affect pain tolerance through alteration of the social environment.

Factors Affecting Individual Level ERP Assimilation in a Social Network Perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luan Gao ◽  
Luning Liu ◽  
Yuqiang Feng
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Interactive Learning ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Social

Prior research on ERP assimilation has primarily focused on influential factors at the organizational level. In this study, the authors attempt to extend their understanding of individual level ERP assimilation from the perspective of social network theory. They designed a multi-case study to explore the relations between ERP users' social networks and their levels of ERP assimilation based on the three dimensions of the social networks. The authors gathered data through interviews with 26 ERP users at different levels in five companies. Qualitative analysis was used to understand the effects of social networks and interactive learning. They found that users' social networks play a significant role in individual level ERP assimilation through interactive learning among users. They also found five key factors that facilitate users' assimilation of ERP knowledge: homophily (age, position and rank), tie content (instrumental and expressive ties), tie strength, external ties, and centrality.

scholarly journals Measurement of Continuous Quantities and their Statistical Evaluation

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Reinhard Karl Viertl
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Statistical Evaluation ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Real Numbers ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Continuous Quantities ◽  
Fuzzy Subsets

Measurement results of continuous quantities are always more or less imprecise. This imprecision is different from errors. The most suitable mathematical model to describe imprecision is by special fuzzy subsets of the set of real numbers R, called characterizing functions. The statistical analysis of fuzzy measurement data is subject of this paper. 

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF THE EDUCATION PROCESS AND NOWADAYS SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE AGAINST THE GLOBALIZATION PROCESS

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-310
Author(s):  
Evjonda Pylli
Keyword(s):  
Complex Nature ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Global Society ◽  
Global Science ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Education And Society ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Education Process

This paper aims at reviewing the current situation of two fundamental issues directly related to education. First, it focuses on the process of globalization and, secondly, on the problems of the global science-driven knowledge that are needed to education and society as a whole. The term globalization is neither new nor casual in the last two decades. The development of human society has brought a lot of changes in the sphere of education. Increasingly, education systems are being transformed from their past role and content. Starting from the developments, recently, they are beginning to take new roles and functions as a function of the need to be confident in a global society and economy. Starting from the developments, recently, they are beginning to take new definitions and roles in the function of need to be more competitive in a global society and economy. The process of education itself cannot be seen or imagined disconnected from the social development. They have already become determinative of each other's development and performance, at a time when the impact of globalization directly affects the quality of education. Many researchers have tried to explain the way of changing the education process is going through, by examining the key factors associated with globalization. Likewise, the problems and challenges faced by education and research as part of it, around the world, are many. This, according to researchers, is explained by the complex nature of globalization itself.

scholarly journals TDSRC: A Task-Distributing System of Crowdsourcing Based on Social Relation Cognition

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenlong Peng ◽  
Xiaolin Gui ◽  
Jian An ◽  
Ruowei Gui ◽  
Yali Ji
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Social Relation ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
The Public ◽  
Trust Relationship ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
The Social

Crowdsourcing significantly augments the creativity of the public and has become an indispensable component of many problem-solving pipelines. The main challenge, however, is the effective identification of malicious participators while distributing crowdsourcing tasks. In this paper, we propose a novel task-distributing system named Task-Distributing system of crowdsourcing based on Social Relation Cognition (TDSRC) to select qualified participators. First, we divided the tasks into categories according to task themes. Then, we constructed and calculated the Abilities Set (AS), Abilities Values (AVs), and the Friends’ Abilities Matrix (FAM) by using the historical interactive texts between a given task publisher (requester) and its friends. When a requester distributes a task, TDSRC can generate the candidate participators’ sequence based on the task needs and FAM. Finally, the best-matched friends in the sequence are selected as the task receivers (solvers), thus producing a personal FAM to disseminate the tasks. The experimental results indicate that (1) the proposed system can accurately and effectively discover the requester’s friends’ abilities and select appropriate solvers and (2) the natural trust relationship in the social network reduces fraudsters and enhances the quality of crowdsourcing services.

scholarly journals Social stratification and ethnicity in post totalitarian Transylvania

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-112
Author(s):  
Valér Veres
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Economic Transition ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Leadership Positions ◽  
Middle Classes ◽  
The Social

The social and economic transition process from Romania reached in 1997 the stage when differences in wealth and income relate to social class position and a relative homogeneity of social strata regarding the possession of capital can be depicted. Using the tools of statistical analysis, Veres Valér investigates the tendencies of social stratification among the Hungarians from Romania and its determinants. The author applies the Erickson-n-Goldthorpe model, having in view theories of capital conversion as well. The study reveals a considerable correlation between social status and the extent of the social network of the individuals. Generally speaking, the density of the social network is higher among the middle classes and the intellectuals, whereas the elite (those occupying leadership positions) prefer rather the week ties.

scholarly journals United They’re Cited: Impact of a Social Work Coauthor Network

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 422-438
Author(s):  
Ralph Edward Woehle
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Complexity Theory ◽  
Network Centrality ◽  
Abductive Logic ◽  
The Social ◽  
Important Means

Social work has emphasized the importance of the social environment, and social networks are an important means of understanding the social environment. The scholarship of a journal coauthor network provided important findings and an example. Prior theory and research suggested there are more citations from the center of coauthor networks than at the periphery. Using abductive logic, complexity theory, social network analysis, and tabular analysis of a social work coauthor network, the center of the network was found to produce more citations than the periphery. Both the prestige of coauthors’ setting and position were modestly associated with network centrality and citations. The functionality of citations, which includes the contribution to good scholarship, is questioned. Areas of further research and issues of evaluating coauthored scholarship are discussed. Placing greater value on coauthoring and publishing with less prominent coauthors for tenure and similar decisions is recommended.

“Teaching how to live”. Social service representatives about the process of leaving homelessness

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-103
Author(s):  
Marta Mikołajczyk
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Social Service ◽  
Single Mother ◽  
Job Support ◽  
The Social ◽  
Returning Home

In the literature on homelessness, the term ‘leaving homelessness’ is used. However, it is not specified. Intuitively, it is understood as overcoming the crisis of homelessness, leaving the shelter and living in a place where the client can act independently. Doubts are raised, regarding the period of time after which it can be considered that a person has left homelessness. The aim of the article is to show the opinions of practitioners, i.e. social workers, educators, psychologists, staff managing institutions for people without their own shelter on the interpretation of the term “leaving homelessness”. The paper presents the results of a survey carried out in 2018, among 155 practitioners representing 30 institutions (shelters, hostels, single mother houses). It shows that “leaving homelessness” is understood as leaving the shelter and the certainty that the client has been functioning independently in the social environment for at least 7–12 months. At the same time, he/she must have a job, support himself/herself, build a social network, maintaining abstinence. The survey also showed that, according to 38% of respondents, their clients are not interested in “returning home” and rather prefer to be in the shelter. This is related to their addictions, long homelessness and a sense of helplessness.

scholarly journals Blockchain-based secure and fair crowdsourcing scheme

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 155014771986489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junwei Zhang ◽  
Wenxuan Cui ◽  
Jianfeng Ma ◽  
Chao Yang
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Data Sharing ◽  
Homomorphic Encryption ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Sensitive Information ◽  
Complex Tasks ◽  
Computational Overhead ◽  
The Social

The crowdsourcing schemes which utilize the social network to solve complex tasks are an important part of open cooperation over the Internet. Although blockchain-based crowdsourcing schemes have considerable advantages in decentralization and data sharing, there is still a challenge to gurantee the security of crowdsourced-sensitive information and the fairness of crowdsourcing on the blockchain. To this end, this article investigates a crowdsourcing scheme based on blockchain. First, we define the basic requirements of blockchain-based crowdsourcing schemes including fairness, confidentiality, and integrity. And then, using secure hash, commitment, and homomorphic encryption, we propose a blockchain-based secure and fair crowdsourcing scheme, that is, BFC. The analysis results show that our scheme can satisfy the above requirements. Finally, the experimental results show that the computational overhead of the BFC scheme is acceptable to both the requester and the workers. In a word, our proposed crowdsourcing scheme has good expansibility in reality.

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