scholarly journals Influence of Seasonal Environmental Changes on The Biochemical Composition of Sea Cucumber (Holothuria tubulosa Gmelin, 1791) in The Dardanelles Strait

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saniye Turk Culha ◽  
Meryem Yeşim Çelik ◽  
Fatma R. Karaduman ◽  
Hakki Dereli ◽  
Mehmet Culha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Environmental Changes

scholarly journals Biochemical composition and antioxidant potential of the edible Mediterranean sea cucumber Holothuria tubulosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 364
Author(s):  
N. Zmemlia ◽  
S. Bejaoui ◽  
I. Khemiri ◽  
N. Bouriga ◽  
I. Louiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Nutritional Qualities ◽  
Bizerta Lagoon

The sea cucumber or holothurian is a marine species which has been prized in some Asian coun­tries for its nutritional qualities. The purpose of this work was to study the biochemical composition and free radical scavenging and antioxidant activities of Holothuria tubulosa tegument from the Bizerta lagoon in north­ern Tunisia. The obtained data demonstrated that the extract of sea cucumber teguments exhibited high bio­chemical levels (such as moisture 80.77%, protein 7.07%, lipids 10.21%, energy value 13.64 Kcal/g ww), and an important nutritional value (including n-3/n-6: 2.11, EPA+DHA: 20.96, AI: 1.38 and TI: 0.54). High anti­oxidant activities were recorded in the integument by the radical scavenging tests of ABTS and DPPH as well as by the total antioxidant capacity and the FRAP in comparison with the BHT standard. Our results showed that H. Tubulosa tegument has high nutritional value with high antioxidant activities and could be considered a nutraceutical product.

Biochemical composition of the Australasian sea cucumber, Australostichopus mollis, from a nutritional point of view

Nutrire ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Liu ◽  
Leonardo Zamora ◽  
Andrew Jeffs ◽  
Siew Young Quek
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Point Of View

scholarly journals Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Signatures of Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus during Environmental Induced Aestivation

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1020
Author(s):  
Yujia Yang ◽  
Yingqiu Zheng ◽  
Lina Sun ◽  
Muyan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Methylation Level ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Apostichopus Japonicus ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Dna Methyltransferases ◽  
Transcriptional Unit ◽  
Differentially Methylated Genes

Organisms respond to severe environmental changes by entering into hypometabolic states, minimizing their metabolic rates, suspending development and reproduction, and surviving critical ecological changes. They come back to an active lifestyle once the environmental conditions are conducive. Marine invertebrates live in the aquatic environment and adapt to environmental changes in their whole life. Sea cucumbers and sponges are only two recently known types of marine organisms that aestivate in response to temperature change. Sea cucumber has become an excellent model organism for studies of environmentally-induced aestivation by marine invertebrates. DNA methylation, the most widely considered epigenetic marks, has been reported to contribute to phenotypic plasticity in response to environmental stress in aquatic organisms. Most of methylation-related enzymes, including DNA methyltransferases, Methyl-CpG binding domain proteins, and DNA demethylases, were up-regulated during aestivation. We conducted high-resolution whole-genome bisulfite sequencing of the intestine from sea cucumber at non-aestivation and deep-aestivation stages. Further DNA methylation profile analysis was also conducted across the distinct genomic features and entire transcriptional units. A different elevation in methylation level at internal exons was observed with clear demarcation of intron/exon boundaries during transcriptional unit scanning. The lowest methylation level occurs in the first exons, followed by the last exons and the internal exons. A significant increase in non-CpG methylation (CHG and CHH) was observed within the intron and mRNA regions in aestivation groups. A total of 1393 genes were annotated within hypermethylated DMRs (differentially methylated regions), and 749 genes were annotated within hypomethylated DMRs. Differentially methylated genes were enriched in the mRNA surveillance pathway, metabolic pathway, and RNA transport. Then, 24 hypermethylated genes and 15 hypomethylated genes were Retrovirus-related Pol polyprotein from transposon (RPPT) genes. This study provides further understanding of epigenetic control on environmental induced hypometabolism in aquatic organisms.

Effect of diet on growth and body biochemical composition of juvenile four-sided sea cucumber Isostichopus badionotus (Selenka, 1867)

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 939-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magali Zacarías-Soto ◽  
Pedro Tec-Tec ◽  
Miguel Ángel Olvera-Novoa
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Sea Cucumber

scholarly journals Annual variation of the biochemical composition, energy reserves and physiological indices in Mactra stultorum tissues from the Tunisian coasts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imene Chetoui ◽  
Safa Bejaoui ◽  
Feriel Ghribi ◽  
M'hamed El Cafsi
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Visceral Mass ◽  
Spawning Period ◽  
The North ◽  
Commercial Species ◽  
Spawning Periods

The present study assessed the consequences of environmental changes on the biochemical quality and the physiological condition of the whole body and others organs Mactra stultorum collected from the north coast of Tunisia. Significant variations in the biochemical components, PE and CI have shown between seasons. The depletion of glycogen in all tissues was recorded during spawning periods (late spring and summer). Lipid accumulation in gonad–visceral mass during the early and late gametogenesis stages was associated with the increase in CI and GSI. However, decreases in lipid and protein contents were recorded in all the tested organs during summer when the animals are in the spawning period, suggesting that clams could accumulate proteins and lipids. Regarding the environmental factors, a negative and a significant correlation was recorded between glycogen, lipid contents and water temperature. Based on these results and as M. stultorum is appreciated by the consumers, we suggest that the harvesting of M. stultorum should be concentrated on February to June when the whole body was characterized by an important amount of the biochemical composition when the seafood is at its highest nutritive value as compared to August to January. Because of its high nutritive value especially it’s richness by some important and essentials fatty acids, M. stultorum seems to be considered as an important commercial species in many countries and in Tunisia particularly. We suggest that harvesting of M. stultorum should be concentrated on the period when the seafood is at its highest nutritive value. survivability rates from malignancy. The greatest variations in the mortality ratios existed within the European countries.

Linking transcription, RNA polymerase II elongation and alternative splicing

2020 ◽  
Vol 477 (16) ◽  
pp. 3091-3104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana E. Giono ◽  
Alberto R. Kornblihtt
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Transcription Elongation ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Regulation Of Transcription ◽  
Stepping Stones ◽  
Eukaryotic Transcription

Gene expression is an intricately regulated process that is at the basis of cell differentiation, the maintenance of cell identity and the cellular responses to environmental changes. Alternative splicing, the process by which multiple functionally distinct transcripts are generated from a single gene, is one of the main mechanisms that contribute to expand the coding capacity of genomes and help explain the level of complexity achieved by higher organisms. Eukaryotic transcription is subject to multiple layers of regulation both intrinsic — such as promoter structure — and dynamic, allowing the cell to respond to internal and external signals. Similarly, alternative splicing choices are affected by all of these aspects, mainly through the regulation of transcription elongation, making it a regulatory knob on a par with the regulation of gene expression levels. This review aims to recapitulate some of the history and stepping-stones that led to the paradigms held today about transcription and splicing regulation, with major focus on transcription elongation and its effect on alternative splicing.

Seeking to uncover biology's chemical roots

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 435-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Addy Pross
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Significant Development ◽  
The Road ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Systems Chemistry ◽  
Biological World ◽  
Inanimate Matter ◽  
The Origin Of Life ◽  
Opening Up

Despite the considerable advances in molecular biology over the past several decades, the nature of the physical–chemical process by which inanimate matter become transformed into simplest life remains elusive. In this review, we describe recent advances in a relatively new area of chemistry, systems chemistry, which attempts to uncover the physical–chemical principles underlying that remarkable transformation. A significant development has been the discovery that within the space of chemical potentiality there exists a largely unexplored kinetic domain which could be termed dynamic kinetic chemistry. Our analysis suggests that all biological systems and associated sub-systems belong to this distinct domain, thereby facilitating the placement of biological systems within a coherent physical/chemical framework. That discovery offers new insights into the origin of life process, as well as opening the door toward the preparation of active materials able to self-heal, adapt to environmental changes, even communicate, mimicking what transpires routinely in the biological world. The road to simplest proto-life appears to be opening up.

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