scholarly journals Vegetative Propagation of Oconee Azalea (Rhododendron flammeum) by Stem Cuttings and Mound Layering

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-73
Author(s):  
Jeff R. Jones ◽  
Anthony V. LeBude ◽  
Thomas G. Ranney
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Propagation ◽  
Potassium Salt ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Optimal Method ◽  
Large Root ◽  
Nursery Crops

Abstract Deciduous azaleas (Rhododendron L.) offer a range of desirable ornamental characteristics and can be valuable nursery crops. Availability in the nursery trade, however, can be limited by the lack of effective propagation protocols. Therefore, the objectives of this research were to develop and optimize vegetative propagation protocols for Oconee azalea, Rhododendron flammeum (Michx.) Sarg., utilizing stem cuttings or in-field mound layering. An optimal method for producing rooted stem cuttings with large root systems (> 20 cm2) was to collect softwood stem cuttings from hedged stock plants followed by treatment with 10,000 ppm of the potassium salt (K-salt) of indolebutyric acid (K-IBA). Mound layering was also effective. Fifty percent of the stems on each mound resulted in rooted layers and approximately six layers were produced per mound regardless of mounding season (March or June), with or without wounding, or application of 5000 ppm K-IBA to stems prior to mounding in June. Both softwood cuttings and mound layering can be utilized to produce high quality plants.

scholarly journals IBA, Juvenility, and Position on Ortets Influence Propagation of Carolina Buckthorn from Softwood Cuttings

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Graves
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Influence Propagation ◽  
Primary Roots ◽  
Foliar Traits ◽  
Juvenile Plants

Abstract Carolina buckthorn (Rhamnus caroliniana Walt.) has horticultural potential but is not often propagated or grown as a nursery crop. My objective was to determine how three concentrations of indolebutyric acid (IBA) affect foliar quality of cuttings, callus development, and rooting of terminal and subtending softwood cuttings from both juvenile and mature stock plants (ortets). Twelve cuttings were assigned to each of 12 factorial treatment combinations and held under intermittent mist for five weeks. Fewer than 10% of cuttings not treated with IBA rooted. Rooting ≥75% resulted when IBA at 3 or 8 g/kg (3000 or 8000 ppm) was applied unless the cuttings were from terminal positions on mature ortets. High quality and dry weight of leaves were associated with subtending cuttings that were juvenile and with terminal cuttings that were mature, but these foliar traits did not lead to particularly high rooting percentages. Juvenile cuttings with IBA at 8 g/kg (8000 ppm) formed the most primary roots and developed root systems with the greatest weight, and dry weight of roots on juvenile cuttings that were subtending (25.6 mg) was about four times that ofjuvenile, terminal cuttings (6.5 mg). The longest individual roots were on juvenile cuttings with IBA at 3 or 8 g/kg (3000 or 8000 ppm). Frequency of callus on the cut end of stems decreased as IBA concentration increased and was 94 and 75%, respectively, for cuttings from juvenile and mature ortets. Nearly all cuttings with IBA at 3 or 8 g/kg (3000 or 8000 ppm) developed callus on wounds that had been made along the sides of their stems. The frequency of side callus was greater for juvenile, subtending cuttings than for juvenile, terminal cuttings; the opposite was true for mature cuttings. These results confirm the sensitivity of stem cuttings of Carolina buckthorn to IBA. The data also demonstrate that use of subtending wood will improve rooting percentages of cuttings from mature ortets, and that use of subtending cuttings from juvenile plants and of IBA at 8 g/kg (8000 ppm) will increase the number and dry weight of roots.

scholarly journals Vegetative Propagation of Gordonieae Trees by Stem Cuttings

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-194
Author(s):  
Elisabeth M. Meyer ◽  
Anthony V. LeBude ◽  
Thomas G. Ranney
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Vegetative Propagation ◽  
Potassium Salt ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Root Number ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid

Abstract The Theaceae tribe Gordonieae contains trees with desirable ornamental characteristics and adaptability to a broad range of environmental conditions. To develop an effective protocol for vegetative propagation of five taxa in the tribe, terminal softwood, semi-hardwood, and hardwood cuttings were collected from these trees and treated with either 0, 2500, 5000, 7500, or 10000 ppm of the potassium salt of indolebutyric acid (K-IBA). The concentration of K-IBA only affected rooting percentage of hardwood cuttings of Franklinia alatamaha, Gordonia lasianthus, and Schima remotiserrata and had varying effects on root number and length of longest root amongst the taxa and cutting types. Franklinia alatamaha and G. lasianthus were rooted at high percentages (> 50%) from hardwood, semihardwood, and softwood cuttings, and S. khasiana rooted at high percentages (72%) from softwood cuttings. Despite poor rooting from all types of stem cuttings (< 23%), Schima remotiserrata and S. wallichii exhibited the highest rooting percentages from hardwood cuttings. Rooting percentage, root number, and length of longest root differed greatly in response to K-IBA concentration amongst the five taxa observed and the cutting types within each taxa.

scholarly journals Influence of Indolebutyric Acid Potassium Salt on Propagation of Semi-hardwood Stem Cuttings of Bougainvillea

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 983D-983
Author(s):  
Christopher B. Cerveny ◽  
James L. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Salt ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Tropical Species ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Percent Survival ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
Primary Roots ◽  
Napthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Primary And Lateral Roots

Bougainvillea glabra is a tropical species with reportedly difficulty to propagate. Previous research has shown the importance of talc-based rooting hormones when propagating Bougainvillea, yet little has been published on the efficacy of liquid-based formulations. Therefore, our objective was to determine the optimum concentration of indolebutyric acid potassium salt (KIBA) needed to effectively root semi-hardwood stem cuttings of Bougainvillea `California Gold' and `Helen Johnson'. Sub-terminal cuttings measuring 6.5 cm were harvested from stock plants of Bougainvillea on 3-week intervals from 6 June to 8 Aug. and repeated 6 Sept. to 8 Nov. 2005. Cuttings were dipped 0.5 cm in a solution of 0, 1500, 3000, or 6000 mg·L-1 KIBA or in a 1500-mg·L-1 solution containing indolebutyric acid (IBA) 1%: napthaleneacetic acid (NAA) 0.5% and propagated under mist. Cuttings were evaluated for percent survival, rooting quality (1 = poor; 5 = best), and number of primary and lateral roots 5 weeks after planting (WAP). Differences in `California Gold' for percent survival, average rank, and number of roots were determined not significant at P ≤ 0.05. However, application of rooting hormone to `Helen Johnson' increased rooting quality, number of primary roots, and number of lateral roots by up to 24%, 53%, and 50%, respectively. Results indicated rooting performance was generally improved with application of KIBA; therefore, cuttings of Bougainvillea may benefit from a 1500-mg·L-1 solution. KIBA was also found to be as effective as the industry standard liquid formulation. Growers will have to consider the availability and cost of KIBA when propagating Bougainvillea.

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION OF CAJÁ-DE-JABUTI UNDER CONCENTRATIONS OF INDOLEBUTYRIC ACID AND GRAFTING METHODS

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 310-317
Author(s):  
DHEIMY DA SILVA NOVELLI ◽  
GABRIELA DA SILVA TAMWING ◽  
SEBASTIÃO ELVIRO DE ARAÚJO NETO ◽  
LUIS GUSTAVO DE SOUZA E SOUZA ◽  
NILCILÉIA MENDES DA SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Propagation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Parametric Test ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Graft Success ◽  
Grafting Methods

ABSTRACT The objectives of the tests were to evaluate concentrations of indolebutyric acid (IBA) combined with different types of cuttings and grafting methods on the vegetative propagation of cajazeira-dejabuti (S. testudinis). The experiment with stem cuttings was conducted in a greenhouse with an intermittent misting system. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 5 x 6 factorial arrangement consisting of five cutting types: apical, medial, basal, stratified, and tanchan, and six IBA concentrations: 0, 1,000, 2,000, 3,000, 4,000, and 5,000 mg kg-1, with four replications of ten cuttings. The experiment with the root cuttings followed a randomized block design composed of six IBA concentrations (0, 1,000, 2,000, 3,000, 4,000, and 5,000 mg kg-1) with four replications, evaluating after 120 days the percentages of live, sprouted, rooted, and calloused cuttings, and the number and dry mass of roots and sprouts. Five grafting methods (chip budding, shield budding, cleft grafting, wedge grafting, and splice grafting) were tested by evaluating the graft success and sprouting percentages at 30 and 60 days after grafting, respectively. Statistical analyses were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test. The IBA concentrations of 0, 2,000, 3,000, and 5,000 mg kg-1 increased the number of sprouts in tanchan cuttings. The tanchan cuttings showed the highest survival and percentage of sprouts regardless of the IBA concentration. The IBA concentration of 2,200 mg kg-1 promotes higher rooting rates in root cuttings. Splice grafting provides higher graft success and sprouting rates.

scholarly journals Propagation of Eastern Redbud (Cercis canadensis) by Stem Cuttings is Influenced by Clone and Date of Cutting Collection

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
John M. Wooldridge ◽  
Frank A. Blazich ◽  
Stuart L. Warren
Keyword(s):  
Root Systems ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Optimum Time ◽  
Cercis Canadensis ◽  
Eastern Redbud ◽  
Collection Date

Abstract Stem cuttings of four popular clones of eastern redbud (Cercis canadensis L. ‘Ace of Hearts’, ‘Appalachian Red’, ‘Hearts of Gold’, and ‘Forest Pansy’) were taken on seven dates following budbreak during Spring and Summer 2007 and evaluated for rooting potential. Rooting was affected by a clone and cutting date interaction, indicating the optimum time to take cuttings was different for each clone. Cuttings of ‘Ace of Hearts’ taken 6 weeks after budbreak (WAB) rooted at 75 and 71% when treated with the potassium (K) salt (K-salt) of indolebutyric acid (K-IBA) at 5000 mg·liter−1 (ppm) or 15,000 mg·liter−1, respectively. In contrast, cuttings of ‘Appalachian Red’ rooted at 96 and 93% when taken 15 WAB, the last date tested for that clone, and treated with K-IBA at 5000 mg·liter−1 or 15,000 mg·liter−1, respectively. When taken 8 WAB and treated with K-IBA at 5000 mg·liter−1 or 15,000 mg·liter−1, cuttings of ‘Hearts of Gold’ rooted at 42 and 58%, respectively. Cuttings of ‘Forest Pansy’ rooted poorly regardless of collection date or K-IBA treatment. Treatment of ‘Ace of Hearts’, ‘Appalachian Red’, and ‘Hearts of Gold’ with higher K-IBA rates generally did not increase rooting percentages, but often resulted in more robust root systems. Propagation by stem cuttings may be feasible for some clones of eastern redbud, but separate protocols are necessary for each clone.

scholarly journals Asexual Propagation by Stem Cuttings of Half-high and Low-bush Blueberries in Soilless Substrates

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Jacob D. Schwab ◽  
Kimberly A. Williams ◽  
Jason J. Griffin
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Alcohol ◽  
Potassium Salt ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Peat Moss ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Asexual Propagation ◽  
Alcohol Water

Abstract Two experiments evaluated rooting of blueberry in substrates for use in soilless production systems. Apical and basal semi-hardwood stem cuttings of Vaccinium corymbosum x angustifolium ‘Northland' were rooted in rockwool cubes, shredded rockwool, or 3 perlite:1 sphagnum peat moss (v/v). Cuttings were treated with 0.1% indolebutyric acid (IBA) in 1:1 95% ethyl alcohol: water, 0.1% potassium salt of indolebutyric acid (K-IBA), 1:1 95% ethyl alcohol: water, or water. In Expt. 2, basal stem cuttings of ‘Northland' and V. angustifolium ‘Brunswick' were rooted in the same substrates with the addition of coco coir, treated with 1,000 ppm K-IBA, then fertilized weekly (after rooting began) with water, 75 ppm N from 16-4-17 fertilizer or 4-18-38 and Ca(NO3)2 plus MgSO4 fertilizer, all adjusted to pH 4.0. Rooting percentages were calculated, and rooting quality was assessed using a 6-point visual scale. ‘Northland' roots well (>80%) in peat:perlite and coco coir substrates and acceptably in two rockwool substrates (∼50%). ‘Brunswick' rooted acceptably in peat:perlite and coco coir (27% and 41%, respectively), and very poorly in two rockwool substrates (<2%). Rooting of ‘Northland' was not improved with application of 0.1% auxin. Apical cuttings of ‘Northland' had a higher rooting success than basal stem cuttings. Weekly fertilization did not improve root ratings, and had minimal effect on rooting success. Index words: adventitious rooting, auxin, coco coir, hydroponics, indolebutyric acid, rockwool, Vaccinium. Species used: ‘Northland' half-highbush blueberry, Vaccinium corymbosum L. X angustifolium Aiton, ‘Brunswick' low-bush blueberry, V. angustifolium Aiton. Chemicals used: auxin, potassium salt indolebutyric acid, K-IBA; Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA, auxin, indolebutyric acid, IBA; Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA, Oasis® 16-4-17 fertilizer, OASIS® Grower Solutions, Kent, OH, USA, ChemGro 4-18-38 fertilizer, ChemGro Hydro-Gardens, Colorado Springs, CO, USA, Ca(NO3)2, Yara North America, Tampa, FL, USA, and MgSO4, PQ Corp., Valley Forge, PA, USA.

scholarly journals Stem cuttings and substrates in Dovyalis asexual propagation

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Renato Rinaldi ◽  
Fabíola Villa ◽  
Daniel Fernandes da Silva ◽  
Rafael Massahiro Yassue
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Vegetative Propagation ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
Asexual Propagation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Number Of Leaves

The objective of this study was to evaluate the asexual propagation of Dovyalis, through the use of substrates and cuttings. Three experiments were conducted in Marechal Cândido Rondon, Paraná State, Brazil, and the first experiment consisted of three removal positions of the cuttings (apical, middle and basal) x 4 Indole butyric acid (IBA) concentrations (0 mg L-1, 1000 mg L-1, 2000 mg L-1 and 3000 mg L-1); the second experiment evaluated the number of leaves in the cuttings (2, 4 and 6) x 3 cutting sizes (10, 15 and 20 cm); and the third experiment evaluated four substrates for rooting. The experiment was carried out in a randomized blocks design, with the first in a 3x4 and the second in a 3x3 factorial, respectively, containing 4 repetitions of 15 cuttings. The third experiment consisted of 5 repetitions of 15 cuttings. After the IBA treatment, the cuttings were taken to rooting in sandy beds during 70 days. The agronomical variables were evaluated. Basal and middle cuttings resulted in root systems with better development. The use of 1666 mg L-1 of IBA favors the Dovyalis cuttings rooting. Cuttings with 15 and 20 cm with four leaves favors the Dovyalis vegetative propagation. Dovyalis cuttings develop better on substrates containing latosol and vermiculite.

scholarly journals (171) Auxin Affects Adventitious Rooting of Snowbells (Styrax L.)

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1001C-1001
Author(s):  
Jason J. Griffin ◽  
F. Todd Lasseigne
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Salt ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Root Number ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Asexual Propagation ◽  
Rooted Cutting ◽  
Horticultural Traits ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Warm Temperate

The snowbells (Styrax L.) are a group of flowering shrubs and trees distributed throughout the warm-temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. In all, there are about 120 species, of which only Styrax japonicus Sieb. & Zucc. (Japanese snowbell) and its cultivars are currently of commercial significance. Other species may also posses desirable horticultural traits that could be valuable on their own merit, or used in plant improvement programs. Currently there is little information regarding asexual propagation of the lesser known species. The results herein show that propagation of a diverse collection of Styrax(15 taxa) is possible by stem cuttings. However, species and cultivars within a species do not respond to auxin treatment similarly. The percentage of rooting of many taxa was improved when cuttings were treated with 3000 or 8000 ppm (0.3% or 0.8%) of the potassium salt of indolebutyric acid (K-IBA). However, rooting was unaffected by K-IBA treatment in some taxa, while rooting was negatively affected by K-IBA in others. Additionally, the number of roots produced per rooted cutting were affected by K-IBA treatment. In some instances, K-IBA increased the number of roots per rooted cutting. However, in most of the taxa, root number was unaffected.

scholarly journals Early Season Softwood Cuttings Effective for Vegetative Propagation of Juglans cinerea

HortScience ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 697-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula M. Pijut ◽  
Melanie J. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Vegetative Propagation ◽  
Potassium Salt ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
First Flush ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Juglans Cinerea ◽  
Hardwood Species

Juglans cinerea L. (butternut) is a hardwood species valued for its wood and edible nuts. Information on the vegetative propagation of this species is currently unavailable. Our objective was to determine the conditions necessary for successful stem-cutting propagation of butternut. In 1999 and 2000, 10 trees (each year) were randomly selected from a 5- and 6-year-old butternut plantation located in Rosemount, Minn. Hardwood stem cuttings were collected in March, April, and May. Softwood cuttings were collected in June and July. K-IBA at 0, 29, or 62 mm in water and IBA at 0, 34, or 74 mm in 70% ethanol were tested for root induction on cuttings. The basal end of cuttings were dipped in a treatment solution for 10 to 15 seconds, potted in a peat: perlite mixture, and placed in a mist bed for 5 to 8 weeks. Rooted cuttings were gradually hardened off from the mist bed, allowed to initiate new growth, over-wintered in a controlled cold-storage environment, and then outplanted to the field. For hardwood cuttings, rooting was greatest for those taken in mid-May (branches flushed out), 22% with 62 mm K-IBA and 28% with 74 mm IBA. Softwood cuttings rooted best when taken in June (current season's first flush of new growth or softwood growth 40 cm or greater) and treated with 62 mm K-IBA (77%) or 74 mm IBA (88%). For 1999, 31 out of 51 rooted softwood cuttings (60.8%) survived overwintering in cold storage and acclimatization to the field. For 2000, 173 out of 186 rooted softwood cuttings (93%) survived overwintering and acclimatization to the field. Chemical names used: indole-3-butyric acid-potassium salt (K-IBA); indole-3-butyric acid (IBA).

scholarly journals Propagation of Sweetgale, Rhodora, and Catberry by Stem Cuttings

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
Bryan J. Peterson ◽  
Gregory J.R. Melcher ◽  
Ailish K. Scott ◽  
Rebecca A. Tkacs ◽  
Andrew J. Chase
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Root Development ◽  
Vegetative Propagation ◽  
Potassium Salt ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Razor Blade ◽  
Myrica Gale ◽  
Collection Date

Sweetgale (Myrica gale), rhodora (Rhododendron canadense), and catberry (Ilex mucronata) are shrubs of eastern North America that may have potential for broader use in horticultural landscapes. Because information on their vegetative propagation is scarce, we conducted experiments over 2 years to evaluate the effects of cutting collection date, wounding, substrate composition, and the concentration of applied potassium salt of indole-3-butyric acid (K-IBA) on rooting of each species. In 2015, we collected cuttings of each species on three dates to obtain both softwood and semihardwood cuttings. Cuttings were unwounded or wounded with a razor blade, and treated by dipping into water containing K-IBA at concentrations ranging from 0 to 15,000 mg·L−1, after which they were inserted into a substrate of 3:1 perlite:peat (by volume) and placed under intermittent mist. In 2016, semihardwood cuttings of each species were all wounded, treated with K-IBA from 0 to 15,000 mg·L−1, and inserted into substrates of 100%, 75%, or 50% perlite, with the remaining volume occupied by peat. In both years, the greatest percentage of sweetgale cuttings rooted when no K-IBA was applied. K-IBA application also reduced root ratings, root dry weights, and root lengths of sweetgale. For rhodora and catberry, maximal responses for all measures of rooting occurred when 5000 to 15,000 mg·L−1 K-IBA was applied. We recommend that growers use no exogenous auxin to propagate sweetgale, and 5000 to 10,000 mg·L−1 K-IBA to propagate rhodora and catberry. Cuttings of all three species can be collected from softwood or semihardwood shoots. Finally, sweetgale can be rooted in perlite alone, whereas rhodora and catberry required the addition of peatmoss for satisfactory root development.

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