Limestone Facies And Diagenesis On Tondo Formation At Kaisabu Village Bau-Bau City Southeast Sulawesi Province

This study aims to determine the limestone facies and diagenesis on Tondo Formation. The method used was petrographic method bypolarizing microscope. Based on the physical characteristics and biota contained, the carbonate rocks on tondo formation (Tmtl) can be grouped into two facies, namely: Wackestone and Packestone. The diagenesis process that occurred in Tondo Formation research area is microbial micritization, cementation and neomorphism which indicate that the Tondo Formation has existed on diagenetic environment of marine phreatic, meteoric phreatic and meteoric vadose.

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The analysis of volcanic activity influences at the lower and middle part of Sentolo Formation, Kulon Progo using petrographic method

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201815901040 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 159 ◽

pp. 01040

Author(s):

Tri Winarno ◽

Jenian Marin ◽

Ilham Hani Pratama ◽

Anis Kurniasih

Keyword(s):

Thin Section ◽

Volcanic Activity ◽

Carbonate Rocks ◽

Field Method ◽

Research Area ◽

Middle Part ◽

Laboratory Method ◽

Geological Mapping ◽

The Past ◽

Petrographic Method

The research area is a part of South Serayu Mountain zone, specifically Bregada Kulon Progo. The Bregada Kulon Progo is a product of volcanic activity in the past, which can be seen by the volcanic rock called Old Andesite Formation. The end of the volcanic activity is characterized by the deposition of carbonate rocks which were part of Jonggrangan Formation and Sentolo Formation. The lower part of Sentolo Formation is composed by the mix of carbonate and volcanic materials. The research is carried out by two methods. The first is field method, which is implemented by geological mapping and rock sampling. The second is laboratory method, which is implemented by petrographic method. The petrographic method is implemented by making thin section of the rocks, then observing the thin section with polarization microscope to determine the composition of the rocks. The rock samples are mainly from the lower and middle part of Sentolo Formation, which probably still got the influence of volcanic activity. The benefit of the research is knowing the influence of volcanic activity in the carbonate rocks of Sentolo Formation. The presence of volcanic materials in the lower part of Sentolo Formation, can be predicted by two processes. First, the volcanic activity supplied those materials directly, and second, from the rework of the volcanic materials then mixed with carbonat materials of Sentolo Formation.

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Characteristics and its Environment Implications of Carbon and Oxygen Isotopic of Ordovician Carbonate Rock in Yubei Area

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1092-1093.1375 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1092-1093 ◽

pp. 1375-1378

Author(s):

Qian Zhang ◽

Wen Hui Huang ◽

Ya Mei Zhang

Keyword(s):

Sea Level ◽

Carbonate Rocks ◽

Carbonate Rock ◽

Burial Depth ◽

Oxygen Stable Isotopes ◽

Oxygen Isotopic ◽

Oxygen Stable Isotope ◽

The Stability ◽

Diagenetic Environment ◽

Stable Isotope Data

Based on a large number of carbon and oxygen stable isotope data, researched environment characteristics of Ordovician carbonate rocks in Yubei area, Tarim Basin. According to carbon, oxygen stable isotopes (&13C, &18O) data, combining the diagenetic environment characteristics studied all kinds of geochemical characteristics of rocks in Yubei area. The research results show that: Paleosalinity feature of Ordovician carbonate rocks in this area reflected the carbonate rocks is formed in the stability of the marine environment and basically kept the composition of carbon and oxygen isotopic of the original environment. the paleo temperature characteristics indicate that the diagenetic burial depth was increased first and then decreased, the sea level characteristics indicate that the sedimentary strata by Yingshan period to Lianglitage period corresponds with a rise in sea level.

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Facies Development of Carbonate Rock and System Tract Influence Based on Fullbore Formation Microimager (FMI) and Well Log Analysis on Carbonate Reservoir Tuban Formation, North East Java Basin

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20187302021 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 73 ◽

pp. 02021

Author(s):

Fahrudin ◽

Eka Sainyakit ◽

Ahmad Syauqi Hidayatillah ◽

Purnaning Tuwuh Triwigati ◽

Muhajir

Keyword(s):

Carbonate Rocks ◽

Carbonate Rock ◽

Gamma Ray ◽

Research Area ◽

Carbonate Reservoir ◽

Log Analysis ◽

Reef Facies ◽

North East ◽

The North ◽

System Tract

The North East Java Basin is known to be one of the basins that consist of Miocene carbonate rocks, like the reef carbonate of Tuban Formation. It has the potential hydrocarbons that can be explored. Therefore, the FMI log analysis is very important to identify carbonate rocks of Tuban Formation to know facies and characteristics of that carbonate rocks. The method used descriptive and analysis process of FMI and Gamma Ray log to determine facies of the carbonate rock and the system tract. Based on the result of FMI log analysis, there are variations lithofasies include mudstone, wackestone, packstone, grainstone, floatstone, rudstone and claystone. A collection of rock associations can interpret the reef facies. It involves back reef facies, reef core facies, and fore reef facies. The changes of lithofasies and reef facies are caused by sea level fluctuations and subsidence resulting in the system tract. The system tracts generated in the research area include transgressive and highstand system tract.

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Carbon isotopes, stratigraphy, and environmental change: the Middle–Upper Cambrian Positive Excursion (SPICE) in Port au Port Group, western Newfoundland, Canada

Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences ◽

10.1139/cjes-2018-0025 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 55 (11) ◽

pp. 1209-1222 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Rosalia Barili ◽

Joyce Elaine Neilson ◽

Alexander Thomas Brasier ◽

Karin Goldberg ◽

Tatiana Pastro Bardola ◽

...

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Environmental Change ◽

Carbon Isotope ◽

Carbon Isotopes ◽

Carbonate Rocks ◽

Isotopic Signature ◽

Upper Cambrian ◽

Carbon Isotopic ◽

Carbon Isotope Excursion ◽

Diagenetic Environment

In many basins, Upper Cambrian carbonate successions display intervals with a positive carbon isotope excursion (CIE) of up to +5‰. In North America, this marks the boundary between the Sauk II–III super-sequences. A Steptoean positive carbon isotope excursion (SPICE) locality previously identified in the Port au Port peninsula, western Newfoundland, has been revisited and an additional potential SPICE locality found. In both locations, a CIE is found to be associated with a prominent bioherm and sandstone layer within a sequence of carbonate rocks. At March Point columnar stromatolites occur, whereas at Felix Cove thrombolites can be seen. In the latter, the sandstone immediately overlies the thrombolites coincident with the CIE, whereas at March Point a dolomitized grainstone occurs above the stromatolites. The sandstone at this locality post-dates the CIE. Although lower than the SPICE in some localities, a positive CIE is present in both sections: March Point (+1.1‰) and Felix Cove (+1.8‰). Additionally, δ13Corg rises from −30.0‰ to −22.0‰ at March Point and from −27‰ to −24.0‰ at Felix Cove and, in accordance with previously published work, we suggest that this could be the SPICE. Comparison of the stratigraphy and petrography between the two localities suggest that both depositional and diagenetic factors could have influenced the nature of the interpreted SPICE in Newfoundland. It is also possible that the local carbon isotopic signature may have been influenced by a semi-restricted depositional and early diagenetic environment related to the paleogeographic configuration rather than the global marine excursion.

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ANALISIS HUBUNGAN KETINGGIAN TEMPAT DENGAN JENIS DAN KLASIFIKASI FLORA DI WILAYAH HUTAN SIBOLANGIT

Tunas Geografi ◽

10.24114/tgeo.v6i2.8570 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 124

Author(s):

Rena Saputri Hilaria Sitanggang ◽

Khairul Wahyudi ◽

Pastuti Tafonao

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Nature Reserve ◽

Field Survey ◽

Survey Methods ◽

Research Area ◽

Physical Characteristics ◽

Forest Park ◽

Know How ◽

Valid Data

Daerah penelitian adalah Cagar Alam Sibolangit yang merupakan bagian dari Tahura (taman hutan raya) di sumatera utara. cagar alam sibolangit ini memiliki luas 85,15 Ha. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah 1)mengetahui bagaimana ciri fisik vegetasi flora yang ada di hutan sibolangit, 2) menganalisis klasifikasi jenis flora yang tumbuh dengan suhu dan ketinggian tempat yang berbeda di hutan sibolangit. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey lapangan. Survey lapangan digunakan untuk mendapatkan data valid terkait ciri fisik flora untuk klasifikasi flora tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa jenis flora yang tumbuh di hutan sibolangit sangat beragam dan diklasifikasikan ke dalam 3 filum yaitu: filum spermatophyta, herydophita, dan byrophita. Ketiga jenis filum ini mendominasi pada ketinggian berbeda. Pada ketinggian 700m – 900m filum yang mendominasi adalah spermatophyta dengan kelas Gymnospermae dan angyospermae, ptherophyta, ricciocarpus sp, lycophyta, pada ketinggian 900m – 1100m didominasi filum pheryophyta dengan kelas Pherophyta dan sphenphyta serta lycophyta, angyospermae, bryophyta, hepatophyta dan pada ketinggian 1100m – 1300m, didominasi filum byrophyta dengan kelas Bryophyta dan hepatophyta serta rthocerophyta (mendominasi), ptheropchyta, sphenophyta, lycophyta, angyosmpermae. Kata kunci : Ketinggian tempat, Klasifikasi flora , Filum, Kelas. AbstractThe research area is Sibolangit Nature Reserve which is part of Tahura (forest park) in north sumatera. sibolangit nature reserve has an area of 85.15 Ha. The objectives of this research are 1) to know how the physical characteristics of flora vegetation present in the sibolangite forest, 2) to analyze the classification of flora species that grow with the temperature and height of different places in the sibolangite forest. Data collection techniques in this study using field survey methods. A field survey was used to obtain valid data related to the physical characteristics of the flora for the classification of the florate. The results showed that the type of flora that grows in the forest sibolangit very diverse. And classified into 3 phyla namely: phylum spermatophyta, herydophita, and byrophita. These three types of phyla dominate at different heights. At the height of 700m - 900m the dominant phylum is spermatophyta with class Gymnospermae and angyospermae, ptherophyta, ricciocarpus sp, lycophyta, at an altitude of 900m - 1100m dominated pheryophyta phyla with class Pherophyta and sphenphyta as well as lycophyta, angyospermae, bryophyta, hepatophyta and at an altitude of 1100m - 1300m , dominated byumhyyta phyla by class Bryophyta and hepatophyta and rthocerophyta (dominate), ptheropchyta, sphenophyta, lycophyta, angyosmpermae.Keywords: Elevation of places, Classification of flora, Phylum, Class.

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Brine-Dependent Recovery Processes (Smart-Water/Low-Salinity-Water) in Carbonate and Sandstone Petroleum Reservoirs: Review of Laboratory-Field Studies, Interfacial Mechanisms and Modeling Attempts

10.20944/preprints201810.0126.v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Adedapo N. Awolayo ◽

Hemanta K. Sarma ◽

Long X. Nghiem

Keyword(s):

Oil Recovery ◽

Carbonate Rocks ◽

Ionic Composition ◽

Recovery Process ◽

Field Studies ◽

Field Trials ◽

Research Area ◽

Wettability Alteration ◽

Smart Water ◽

Underlying Mechanisms

Brine-dependent recovery process has seen much global research efforts in the past two decades because of their benefits over other oil recovery methods. The process involves the tweaking of the ionic composition and strength of the injected water to improve oil production. In recent years, several studies ranging from laboratory coreflood experiments by many researchers to field trials by several companies admit to the potential of recovering additional oil in sandstone and carbonate reservoirs. Sandstone and carbonate rocks are composed of completely different minerals, with varying degree of complexity and heterogeneity, but wettability alteration has been widely considered as the consequence rather than the cause of brine-dependent recovery. However, there is no consensus on the cause as several mechanisms have been proposed to relate the wettability changes to the improved recovery. This review paper aims to provide a state-of-the-art development in published research and various efforts of the industry. This review outlines an overview of laboratory and field observations, descriptions of underlying mechanisms and their validity, the complexity of the oil-brine-rock interactions, modelling works, and comparison between sandstone and carbonate rocks. The provided information is intended to provide the reader with up-to-date information, point to relevant studies for those who are new and those implementing either laboratory- or field-scale projects to speed up the process of further investigations in this research area. Overall, the outcome of this review would potentially be of immense benefit to the oil industry.

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Depositional Environment Analysis Carbonate Rocks in Montasik District

Journal of Aceh Physics Society ◽

10.24815/jacps.v9i3.17028 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 72-77

Author(s):

Fahri Adrian ◽

Ariadi Putra ◽

Akmal Muhni ◽

Marwan Marwan

Keyword(s):

Carbonate Rocks ◽

Depositional Environment ◽

Research Area ◽

Geological Mapping ◽

Environment Analysis ◽

Reef Facies ◽

Geological Conditions ◽

Platform Margin ◽

Facies Zone ◽

Direct Data

Kecamatan Montasik terdiri dari 2 formasi yaitu Formasi Gunungapi Lam Teuba berumur Pliosen Akhir sampai Plistosen Akhir dan Formasi Anggota Padangtiji berumur Pliosen Awal sampai Pliosen Tengah. Litologi Formasi Anggota Padangtiji terdiri dari konglomerat, batulanau, batupasir gampingan dan batu gamping. Lingkup penelitian ini meliputi kajian tentang kondisi geologi permukaan dan analisis lingkungan pengendapan sedimen karbonat pada lokasi penelitian. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu pengambilan data langsung di lapangan dan menganalisis petrologi dan petrografi pada sampel batuan. Litologi pada lokasi penelitian terdiri dari 7 satuan yaitu guguran lava, lava andesit, lapili jatuhan piroklastik, tuf jatuhan piroklastik, konglomerat, batugamping terumbu dan batupasir gampingan. Lingkungan pengendapan sedimen karbonat yang terdapat pada lokasi penelitian terbentuk di laut dangkal (reef) pada kedalaman 0 m - 200 m di bawah permukaan laut. Zona fasies pengendapan batugamping pada lokasi penelitian terendapkan pada zona platform margin sands dan organic buildups. Sedangkan zona fasies terumbu pada lokasi penelitian terdapat pada zona reef front. Montasik district consists of two formations, Gunungapi Lam Teuba Formation aged Late Pliocene – Late Pleistocene and Padangtiji Member aged Early Pliocene – Middle Pliocene. Lithology of Padangtiji Member consists of conglomerate, siltstone, carbonate sandstone, and limestone. The scope of this research includes a study of surface geological conditions and depositional environmental analysis of carbonate sediment. The method used in this study is direct data collection in the field and analyzing petrology and petrography in rock samples. Lithology of the research area consists of lava drop, andesit, lapili pyroclastic, tuff pyroclastic, conglomerate, fosilliferous limestone, and carbonate sandstone. Depositional environment in the research area formed at shallow marine (reef) on 0m-200m depth under sea level. Depositional facies zone in the research area is on the margin sands platform zone and organic buildups, while Reef facies zone contained in reef front zone.Keywords: Geological Mapping, Depositional Environment, Carbonate Rocks, Petrography, Montasik

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