scholarly journals Coronavírus: a necessidade de novas atitudes em saúde pública

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (33) ◽  
pp. 291-296
Author(s):  
Eliane Da Conceição Lourenço ◽  
Fabiano Saldanha Gomes de Oliveira ◽  
Tatiana Lourenço Emmerich de Souza ◽  
Monique Silvino Abreu
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Global Work ◽  
Health Organization

O mundo foi assolado por um vírus em 2019 que teve seu início na China, com grande poder letal, evidenciando fragilidades dos sistemas de saúde no fornecimento da assistência à população, o coronavírus. A Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), emitiu um alerta pela alta capacidade de transmissão do vírus por via respiratória e por não possuir medidas eficazes de tratamento e cura. O artigo possui o objetivo de realizar uma reflexão, baseada no histórico da pandemia da COVID-19, abordando as estratégias usadas pelas autoridades em saúde para proteger a população, mudanças de hábitos de higiene da população pelo medo do contágio. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo baseado na literatura e na percepção dos autores sobre a doença. Demonstra-se que, a pandemia confirmou a necessidade do trabalho global das entidades de pesquisa em saúde, para melhor condução de situações semelhantes no futuro.Descritores: Infecções por Coronavirus, Saúde Pública, Promoção da Saúde. Coronavirus: the need for new attitudes in public healthAbstract: The world was plagued by a virus in 2019 that started in China, with great lethal power and highlighted the weaknesses in health systems in providing assistance to the population - the coronavirus. The World Health Organization (WHO), issued an alert for the high capacity of transmission of the virus through the respiratory route and for not having effective measures of treatment and cure. The article aims to reflect, based on the history of the COVID-19 pandemic, addressing the strategies used by health authorities to protect the population and changes in the population's hygiene habits for fear of contagion. This is a descriptive study based on the literature and the authors' perception of the disease. The pandemic confirmed the need of the global work of health research entities to better manage similar situations in the future.Descriptors: Coronavirus Infections, Public Health, Health Promotion. Coronavirus: la necesidad de nuevas actitudes en salud públicaResumen: El mundo estuvo asolado por un virus en 2019, que arrancó en China, con gran poder letal, evidenciando debilidades en los sistemas de salud para atender a la población, el coronavirus. La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), emitió una alerta por la alta capacidad de transmisión del virus por vía respiratoria y por no contar con medidas efectivas de tratamiento y cura. El artículo tiene como objetivo reflexionar, a partir de la historia de la pandemia COVID-19, abordando las estrategias utilizadas por las autoridades sanitarias para proteger a la población, los cambios en los hábitos de higiene de la población por temor al contagio. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo basado en la literatura y la percepción de los autores sobre la enfermedad. Se demuestra que la pandemia confirmó la necesidad del trabajo global de las entidades de investigación en salud para gestionar mejor situaciones similares en el futuro.Descriptores: Infecciones por Coronavirus, Salud Publica, Promoción de la Salud.

A Framework Convention on Alcohol Control: Getting Concrete about Its Contents

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Robin ROOM ◽  
Jenny CISNEROS ÖRNBERG
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Alcohol Industry ◽  
Alcohol Control ◽  
The World ◽  
Draft Convention ◽  
History Of ◽  
Supplementary Material ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Narcotic Drugs

This article proposes and discusses the text of a Framework Convention on Alcohol Control, which would serve public health and welfare interests. The history of alcohol’s omission from current drug treaties is briefly discussed. The paper spells out what should be covered in the treaty, using text adapted primarily from the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, but for the control of trade from the 1961 narcotic drugs treaty. While the draft provides for the treaty to be negotiated under the auspices of the World Health Organization, other auspices are possible. Excluding alcohol industry interests from the negotiation of the treaty is noted as an important precondition. The articles in the draft treaty and their purposes are briefly described, and the divergences from the tobacco treaty are described and justified. The text of the draft treaty is provided as Supplementary Material. Specification of concrete provisions in a draft convention points the way towards more effective global actions and agreements on alcohol control, whatever form they take.

scholarly journals Understanding health education, health promotion and public health

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Kitty R. Van Teijlingen ◽  
Bhimsen Devkota ◽  
Flora Douglas ◽  
Padam Simkhada ◽  
Edwin R. Van Teijlingen
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Health Education ◽  
World Health ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Theoretical Overview

Across the globe, there can be confusion about the difference between the concepts of health education, health promotion and, often also, public health. This confusion does not limit itself to the individual terms but also to how these terms relate to each other. Some use terms such as health education and health promotion interchangeably; others see them clearly as different concepts. In this theoretical overview paper, we have first of all outlined our understanding of these individual terms. We suggest how the five principles of health promotion as outlined by the World Health Organization (WHO, 1984) fit into Tannahill’s (2009) model of three overlapping areas: (a) health education; (b) prevention of ill health; and (c) health protection. Our schematic overview places health education within health promotion and health promotion itself in the center of the overarching disciplines of education and public health. We hope our representation helps reduce confusion among all those interested in our discipline, including students, educators, journalists, practitioners, policymakers, politicians, and researchers.

Harmonização orofacial após Covid-19: biossegurança e benefcios

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 98-107
Author(s):  
Ana Karina Fonseca de Carvalho Calderan Correa ◽  
Gabriela Araújo Barros Lima e Silva ◽  
Leonardo Nogueira Tavares ◽  
Ricardo Correa de Araújo Júnior ◽  
Antonio Aparecido Celoria
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Concept Of Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
The Government ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Individual

Orofacial Harmonization (HOF) that has already been recognized as a dental specialty by the Brazilian Federal Council of Dentistry (CFO) through the resolution CFO-198/2019, has been showing considerable advances in health promotion and reestablishment of a complete physical, mental and social well-being of the individual. Also, it makes efforts in an attempt to strengthen and improve the biosafety protocols presented by the World Health Organization (WHO). The undertakings carried out by the government and health authorities are notorious in an attempt to adapt to the new reality presented by this pandemic caused by COVID-19. However, we cannot deny the negligence of these same authorities of not inserting this specialty as part of the essential care for the population, as the HOF is able of providing numerous benefits, as well as the dentist who was left in the gloom in its origin as a health promoting agent. In the present study, updated biosafety protocols will be shown, and also the importance of adding the inherent technologies of HOF and all the knowledge and proficiency of dentistry professionals in an attempt to concretize the real concept of health, benefiting the population that is desolated and terrified in this new post-COVID world.

scholarly journals Levels of Salt in Romanian Food in 2009

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Corina Aurelia ZUGRAVU ◽  
Monica PARVU ◽  
Monica TARCEA ◽  
Daniela PATRASCU ◽  
Anca STOIAN
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
World Health ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
The World ◽  
Public Health Authorities ◽  
Health Organization

Salt is the oldest preservative used for food. But the excessive consume of salt is at the origin of blood hypertension, a problem responsible for a huge number of human diseases and deaths. As a consequence, the level of salt added in processed food has to diminish progressively. At the end of 2009, the Public Health Authorities from 29 Romanian counties reported results from the salt analysis of 1321 samples of different foods. The highest levels of salt were found in “telemea” cheese and the significant salt content in other widely consumed food underlined the necessity for a joined effort in order to bring down salt and to comply with the World Health Organization target

scholarly journals Our Overall Current Knowledge of Covid 19: An Overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. e1262
Author(s):  
Asma Tadj ◽  
Seddiki Sidi Mohammed Lahbib
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Political Community ◽  
World Health ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mode Of Transmission ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 as a public health epidemic emergency of international concern in March 2020. In just two years, this pandemic has invaded most countries and killed more than 4,800,000. The evolution of the number of cases and contaminations per day remains alarming. In May 2021, the bar of 400,000 new cases was crossed in India; this represents the highest daily number of cases recorded by a country in the history of the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, new variants of the virus emerged in some countries. The international scientific and political community has organized itself and engaged in a race against time to find possible remedies. During this period, when people were forced to confine themselves to their homes, the way of life changed remarkably. From the declaration of the pandemic to the conception of the first vaccine, people are still in shock. This article is a short-review that explains in general what the COVID-19; the origin, biology and genetics as well as the mode of transmission and contamination of the coronavirus are discussed.

scholarly journals The Comprehensive Appraisal of COVID-19: Its’ Clinical Panorama from Virology till Management and Beyond

Coronaviruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-72
Author(s):  
Iftikhar Haider Naqvi ◽  
Saiyeda Nayema Zehra Rizvi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
The World ◽  
Public Health Authorities ◽  
Public Health Challenge ◽  
Uncertain Future ◽  
Health Organization

Severe acute respiratory syndrome, caused by SARS-CoV-2 disease (COVID-19), was first reported in China, and has laid the entire globe at a standstill, with an uncertain future, and a possible economic disaster. The World Health Organization (WHO), on March 11th 2020, avowed COVID-19 a pandemic considering its global pervasiveness. The multi-dimensional challenges include the combat with present available treatment options while simultaneously hastening scientific research for the development of definitive therapeutics and vaccine for this pandemic. The research advancement related to earlier epidemics of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) by the same coronavirus family provides the understanding of basic and clinical virology, pathogenesis and therapeutics of SARS-CoV-2. The dearth of definitive therapeutics and vaccine renders COVID-19 pandemic a public health challenge globally. This comprehensive review of virology, pathogenesis, and management will abet quarters of public health authorities and medical fraternity to better understand COVID-19.

scholarly journals Actual aspects of public health policy formation on the example of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 358-364
Author(s):  
Oleksii Demikhov ◽  
Iya Dehtyarova ◽  
Nadiia Demikhova
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Health System ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Policy Formation ◽  
World Health ◽  
System Formation ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Our publication is devoted to the evolution of the public health system, its role in public health promotion and determination of the basic notions. According to the definition of the World Health Organization, public health is a science and practice of the diseases prevention, increase in life expectancy and health promotion with the help of the organized actions of the society. Yet in practice, public health formed under difficult conditions. In the article we consider the following questions: stages of public health system formation in the world and in Ukraine; analysis of public health system formation in Ukraine: institutional frameworks and strategic priorities and basic operational public health functions in Ukraine. We propose suggestions on legal procedures state improvement in public health in Ukraine in the context of European integration. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(3) 2020 p.358-364

Organization of restrictive quarantine measures to prevent especially dangerous infections

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Petr Ilyin
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
International Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Entire History ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Former Ussr ◽  
Health Regulations

Especially dangerous infections (EDIs) belong to the conditionally labelled group of infectious diseases that pose an exceptional epidemic threat. They are highly contagious, rapidly spreading and capable of affecting wide sections of the population in the shortest possible time, they are characterized by the severity of clinical symptoms and high mortality rates. At the present stage, the term "especially dangerous infections" is used only in the territory of the countries of the former USSR, all over the world this concept is defined as "infectious diseases that pose an extreme threat to public health on an international scale." Over the entire history of human development, more people have died as a result of epidemics and pandemics than in all wars combined. The list of especially dangerous infections and measures to prevent their spread were fixed in the International Health Regulations (IHR), adopted at the 22nd session of the WHO's World Health Assembly on July 26, 1969. In 1970, at the 23rd session of the WHO's Assembly, typhus and relapsing fever were excluded from the list of quarantine infections. As amended in 1981, the list included only three diseases represented by plague, cholera and anthrax. However, now annual additions of new infections endemic to different parts of the earth to this list take place. To date, the World Health Organization (WHO) has already included more than 100 diseases in the list of especially dangerous infections.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the first pharmacy-led weight management programme in Greece

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. i45-i46
Author(s):  
A Peletidi ◽  
R Kayyali
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Annual Report ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Introduction Obesity is one of the main cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors.(1) In primary care, pharmacists are in a unique position to offer weight management (WM) interventions. Greece is the European country with the highest number of pharmacies (84.06 pharmacies per 100,000 citizens).(2) The UK was chosen as a reference country, because of the structured public health services offered, the local knowledge and because it was considered to be the closest country to Greece geographically, unlike Australia and Canada, where there is also evidence confirming the potential role of pharmacists in WM. Aim To design and evaluate a 10-week WM programme offered by trained pharmacists in Patras. Methods This WM programme was a step ahead of other interventions worldwide as apart from the usual measuring parameters (weight, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure (BP)) it also offered an AUDIT-C and Mediterranean diet score tests. Results In total,117 individuals participated. Of those, 97.4% (n=114), achieved the programme’s aim, losing at least 5% of their initial weight. The mean % of total weight loss (10th week) was 8.97% (SD2.65), and the t-test showed statistically significant results (P<0.001; 95% CI [8.48, 9.45]). The programme also helped participants to reduce their waist-to-height ratio, an early indicator of the CVD risk in both male (P=0.004) and female (P<0.001) participants. Additionally, it improved participants’ BP, AUDIT-C score and physical activity levels significantly (P<0.001). Conclusion The research is the first systematic effort in Greece to initiate and explore the potential role of pharmacists in public health. The successful results of this WM programme constitute a first step towards the structured incorporation of pharmacists in public’s health promotion. It proposed a model for effectively delivering public health services in Greece. This study adds to the evidence in relation to pharmacists’ CVD role in public health with outcomes that superseded other pharmacy-led WM programmes. It also provides the first evidence that Greek pharmacists have the potential to play an important role within primary healthcare and that after training they are able to provide public health services for both the public’s benefit and their clinical role enhancement. This primary evidence should support the Panhellenic Pharmaceutical Association, to “fight” for their rights for an active role in primary care. In terms of limitations, it must be noted that the participants’ collected data were recorded by pharmacists, and the analysis therefore depended on the accuracy of the recorded data, in particular on the measurements or calculations obtained. Although the sample size was achieved, it can be argued that it is small for the generalisation of findings across Greece. Therefore, the WM programme should be offered in other Greek cities to identify if similar results can be replicated, so as to consolidate the contribution of pharmacists in promoting public health. Additionally, the study was limited as it did not include a control group. Despite the limitations, our findings provide a model for a pharmacy-led public health programme revolving around WM that can be used as a model for services in the future. References 1. Mendis S, Puska P, Norrving B, World Health Organization., World Heart Federation., World Stroke Organization. Global atlas on cardiovascular disease prevention and control [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization in collaboration with the World Heart Federation and the World Stroke Organization; 2011 [cited 2018 Jun 26]. 155 p. Available from: http://www.who.int/cardiovascular_diseases/publications/atlas_cvd/en/ 2. Pharmaceutical Group of the European Union. Pharmacy with you throughout life:PGEU Annual Report [Internet]. 2015. Available from: https://www.pgeu.eu/en/library/530:annual-report-2015.html

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