scholarly journals Time of Fusarium inoculation and post-anthesis temperature stress affect FHB severity and DON concentration in winter wheat

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 953-962
Author(s):  
Victor Okereke ◽  
Hannah Jones ◽  
Mike Gooding
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
Wheat Grains ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Temperature Interaction

Two pot experiments were conducted using elite lines and near isogenic lines (NILs) of winter wheat in a controlled environment to evaluate the effect of time of inoculation and subsequent increase in temperature during grain-filling on Fusarium head blight (FHB) and deoxynivalenol (DON) on the infected wheat grains. The experiments were a complete factorial combination with randomised replicates. Fusarium graminearum was used to spray inoculate wheat spikes at glume loose (GL). GL was established when the lower glume could be opened with a thumbnail. Fusarium inoculation was done at glume loose (GL+0), 4 and 8 days after (GL+4 and GL+8), respectively. Pots transferred to controlled environment cabinets set at 23/15oC or 28/20oC. Results reveal that FHB severity showed a significant (P<0.05) cultivar and temperature interaction in both elite and near isogenic lines. High temperature increased FHB severity by 35% in the NILs. DON concentration showed cultivar sensitive in both sets of cultivars. Inoculation at GL+4 which corresponded with the mid-anthesis gave the highest FHB severity and DON concentration in NILs, while the elite cultivars showed cultivar sensitive to DON accumulation regardless of the time of Fusarium inoculation.

scholarly journals GENOTYPE AND TIME OF INOCULATION EFFECTS ON DON PER GRAIN AND GRAIN WEIGHT OF WINTER WHEAT UNDER TWO ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1185-1188
Author(s):  
Victor Chijioke Okereke
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
Wheat Grains ◽  
The Mean

Experiment was conducted using near isogenic lines of Mercia background in a controlled environment to evaluate the mean effect of timing of inoculation and subsequent increase in temperature on deoxynivalenol (DON) concentration, amount of DON per grain and grain weight. The experiment was completely randomised consisting of three genotypes differing in semi-dwarfing alleles; Mercia 0 {Rht-B1a + Rht-D1a (wild type)}, Mercia 1 (Rht-B1b) and Mercia 2 (Rht-D1b) and four inoculation timings. The experiment was a complete factorial combination with four randomised replicates. Data showed that genotype differed in DON concentration (P<0.001), DON per grain (P=0.006) and mean grain weight (P=0.001) while time of inoculation influenced mean grain weight (P<0.001) and DON Concentration (P<0.001) but not Don per grain (P=0.23). Temperature influenced mean grain weight (P=0.002) with high temperature adversely affecting the size of the wheat grains.

scholarly journals Comparison of photosynthetic activity and heat tolerance between near isogenic lines of wheat with different photosynthetic rates

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0255896
Author(s):  
Chongyang Li ◽  
Mingyang Ma ◽  
Tianpeng Zhang ◽  
Pengwen Feng ◽  
Xiao Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Calvin Cycle ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Photosynthetic Rates ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Filling Stage ◽  
Grain Filling Stage

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important crops in the world, but the yield and quality of wheat are highly susceptible to heat stress, especially during the grain-filling stage. Therefore, it is crucial to select high-yield and high-temperature-resistant varieties for food cultivation. There is a positive correlation between the yield and photosynthetic rate of wheat during the entire grain-filling stage, but few studies have shown that lines with high photosynthetic rates can maintain higher thermotolerance at the same time. In this study, two pairs of wheat near isogenic lines (NILs) with different photosynthetic rates were used for all experiments. Our results indicated that under heat stress, lines with a high photosynthetic rate could maintain the activities of photosystem II (PSII) and key Calvin cycle enzymes in addition to their higher photosynthetic rates. The protein levels of D1 and HSP70 were significantly increased in the highly photosynthetic lines, which contributed to maintaining high photosynthetic rates and ensuring the stability of the Calvin cycle under heat stress. Furthermore, we found that lines with a high photosynthetic rate could maintain high antioxidant enzyme activity to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduce ROS accumulation better than lines with a low photosynthetic rate under high-temperature stress. These findings suggest that lines with high photosynthetic rates can maintain a higher photosynthetic rate despite heat stress and are more thermotolerant than lines with low photosynthetic rates.

scholarly journals Inferring vascular architecture of the wheat spikelet based on resource allocation in the branched headt (bht-A1) near isogenic lines

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (11) ◽  
pp. 1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gizaw M. Wolde ◽  
Thorsten Schnurbusch
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Spikelet Fertility ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Network Systems ◽  
Vascular Architecture ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Rachis Node

Substantial genetic and physiological efforts were made to understand the causal factors of floral abortion and grain filling problem in wheat. However, the vascular architecture during wheat spikelet development is surprisingly under-researched. We used the branched headt near-isogenic lines, FL-bht-A1-NILs, to visualise the dynamics of spikelet fertility and dry matter accumulation in spikelets sharing the same rachis node (henceforth Primary Spikelet, PSt, and Secondary Spikelet, SSt). The experiment was conducted after grouping FL-bht-A1-NILs into two groups, where tillers were consistently removed from one group. Our results show differential spikelet fertility and dry matter accumulation between the PSt and SSt, but also showed a concomitant improvement after de-tillering. This suggests a tight regulation of assimilate supply and dry matter accumulation in wheat spikelets. Since PSt and SSt share the same rachis node, the main vascular bundle in the rachis/rachilla is expected to bifurcate to connect each spikelet/floret to the vascular system. We postulate that the vascular structure in the wheat spikelet might even follow Murray’s law, where the wide conduits assigned at the base of the spikelet feed the narrower conduits of the distal florets. We discuss our results based on the two modalities of the vascular network systems in plants.

Canopy-air temperature difference of winter wheat near-isogenic lines and its relationship with total water consumption by winter wheat grown under water deficit conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
梅旭荣 MEI Xurong ◽  
黄桂荣 HUANG Guirong ◽  
严昌荣 YAN Changrong ◽  
刘晓英 LIU Xiaoying ◽  
张欣莹 ZHANG Xinying ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Total Water Consumption

Effects of high temperature during anthesis and grain filling on physiological characteristics of winter wheat cultivars

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Mirosavljević ◽  
Sanja Mikić ◽  
Vesna Župunski ◽  
Ankica Kondić Špika ◽  
Dragana Trkulja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars

Metabolic profiling to discriminate wheat near isogenic lines, with quantitative trait loci at chromosome 2DL, varying in resistance to fusarium head blight

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 789-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Hamzehzarghani ◽  
V. Paranidharan ◽  
Y. Abu-Nada ◽  
A. C. Kushalappa ◽  
O. Mamer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Compound Identification ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Metabolic Functions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Trait Loci

The resistance in wheat to fusarium head blight (FHB) is controlled by several quantitative trait loci (QTLs), which are mainly expressed as two different types of resistance. The objective of this study was to assess the potential of a metabolomics approach to identify resistance-related metabolites associated with a QTL that confers resistance to FHB. Two near isogenic lines (NIL), with alternate alleles for the FHB resistance/susceptibility QTL on chromosome 2DL, were grown under greenhouse conditions and spikelets were inoculated with F. graminearum. Metabolites were extracted from the rachis and spikelets using a mixture of methanol-water and chloroform, and subsequently analyzed using GC/MS. Compound identification and quantification were achieved using AMDIS, GMD and NIST libraries, and MET-IDEA as the software platform. A total of 182 components were detected. A t-test of the quantities of these metabolites identified 27 resistance-related (RR) metabolites, including 22 constitutive (RRC) and 8 induced (RRI), with three common metabolites. Canonical discriminant analysis was used to classify treatments and to identify the associated metabolic functions. The putative metabolic pathways linking the RR-metabolites identified here are discussed. Key words: Functional genomics, metabolomics, fusarium head blight, Triticum aestivum, Fusarium graminearum

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