scholarly journals SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERISATION AND APPLICATION OF PHENOL-FORMALDEHYDE RESIN BLENDED WITH SULPHONATED PHYLLANTHUS EMBLICA, LINN., CARBON

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1921-1932
Author(s):  
R. K. Seenivasan ◽  
D. Ragavan ◽  
A. Girija ◽  
R. Muthuramalingam
Keyword(s):  
Plant Material ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Equilibrium Constants ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Phyllanthus Emblica ◽  
Weight Percentage

Phenol – Formaldehyde Resin (PFR) is blended with Sulphonated Phyllanthus emblica, Linn., Carbon (SPEC) in various proportions by weight percentage (0-50%w/w). A few composite cation-exchangers were prepared by varying the amount of SPEC (a source of cheap and renevable plant material) in the blends from 10 to 50% (w/w). Reaction conditions for the preparation of blends were optimised. IR spectra, TGA traces, and SEM photos were taken for the characterization of  resins. Physico-chemical, properties of the composite resins have been determined. The composites are insoluble in various solvents and reagents and stable towards heat.   Cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the composite resins, decreased with the increasing percentage of SPEC in the blend. Thermodynamic equilibrium constants (lnK) are calculated for H+ - Zn2+ exchanges on the resins having a different amount of SPEC. Thermodynamic parameters are also calculated and suitable explanations are given. The composites up to 20% (w/w) blending retains all the essential properties of the original PFR, since the Phyllanthus emblica, Linn., is the low cost, freely available plant material. Therefore, the composites could be used as low cost ion-exchangers, when SPEC partly replaces the original PFR up to 20% (w/w) blending without affecting the properties of PFR.

scholarly journals Microwave Assisted Synthesis of Phenol-Formaldehyde Resole

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhash Chandra Bajia ◽  
Pawan Swarnkar ◽  
Sudesh Kumar ◽  
Birbal Bajia
Keyword(s):  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Microwave Assisted Synthesis ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Efficient Synthesis ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

An efficient synthesis of phenol-formaldehyde resin has been achieved by using conventional as well as microwave irradiation. Resin samples were tested for their physical and chemical properties. The structures of the resins have been supported by their spectral analysis.

Resinification of Factory-Sawdust in Phenol and Optimum Resinification Processing Parameters

2013 ◽  
Vol 710 ◽  
pp. 142-146
Author(s):  
Hai Jiao Kang ◽  
Qiu Hui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Wood Residues ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment Method

In order to make full use of wood residues, in this study, we aimed to synthesize resol phenol-formaldehyde resin from liquefied factory-sawdust in phenol in which phenol is 5 times to factory-sawdust in presence of sulfuric acid as catalyst. By using the orthogonal experiment method, the molar ratio of formaldehyde to liquefied factory-sawdust in phenol (LSP) [n (F):n (LSP)], the molar ratio of sodium hydroxide to liquefied factory-sawdust in phenol [n (NaOH) : n (LSP)], the resinification temperature and the resinification time on chemical properties of liquefied sawdust resins (LSR) were investigated. The results show that the ratio of sodium hydroxide to liquefied factory-sawdust in phenol plays the most important role in the processing of resinification, the ratio of formaldehyde to liquefied factory-sawdust in phenol follows, the resinification time and the resinification temperature come to the last two. The optimum processing conditions are as follows: [n (NaOH) : n (LSP)]=0.5, [n (F) : n (LSP)]=2.0, resinification temperature is 80 °C and resinification time is 3.0h. The physical properties of the poplar three-layer plywood bonded with LSR were similar to those with normal PF resins and also satisfied the demands of I level.

scholarly journals Preparation, morphology, FTIR and performance properties of foaming particleboard

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Bi ◽  
Runzhou Huang
Keyword(s):  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Particle Surface ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Foaming Agent ◽  
Resin Solid ◽  
And Performance

AbstractThe application of light weight particleboard in furniture industry becomes more inevitable because of the requirement to facilitate transportation and assembly by the customer. Herein, a novel method for the fabrication of foaming particleboard was proposed, which is achieved by adding azodicarbonamide (AC) foaming agent into the formulation that consist of oven-dry poplar (Populus alba) particles (with the moisture content about 4%) and phenol formaldehyde resin (PF resin) (solid content of 48%). In this study, the effects of AC foaming agent and adhesive contents incorporation and its content on mechanical, physical and chemical properties of particleboards were investigated. The results showed that the addition of AC foaming agent played a critical role in properties of particleboard and the optimal particleboard performance was achieved at the particleboard density of 0.6 g/cm3, the PF resin amount of 12%, and the AC foaming agent amount of 1%. Furthermore, the pores appeared on the particle surface were the products of the radical pyrolysis of the foaming agent, which has been proved by the FTIR results and the pores also affect the properties of the particleboards.

Purification of water contaminated with heavy metals by example of lead as promising material based on graphene nanostructures

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
N. R. Memetov ◽  
◽  
A. V. Gerasimova ◽  
A. E. Kucherova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Ecological Situation ◽  
Characteristic Parameters ◽  
Purification Of Water ◽  
Graphene Nanostructures

The paper evaluates the effectiveness of the use of graphene nanostructures in the purification of lead (II) ions to improve the ecological situation of water bodies. The mechanisms and characteristic parameters of the adsorption process were analyzed using empirical models of isotherms at temperatures of 298, 303, 313 and 323 K, which correspond to the following order (based on the correlation coefficient): Langmuir (0.99) > Temkin (0.97) > Dubinin – Radushkevich (0.90). The maximum adsorption capacity of the material corresponds to the range from 230 to 260 mg/g. We research the equilibrium at the level of thermodynamic parameter estimates, which indicates the spontaneity of the process, the endothermic nature and structure change of graphene modified with phenol-formaldehyde resin during the adsorption of lead (II) ions, leading to an increase in the disorder of the system.

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