Resinification of Factory-Sawdust in Phenol and Optimum Resinification Processing Parameters

In order to make full use of wood residues, in this study, we aimed to synthesize resol phenol-formaldehyde resin from liquefied factory-sawdust in phenol in which phenol is 5 times to factory-sawdust in presence of sulfuric acid as catalyst. By using the orthogonal experiment method, the molar ratio of formaldehyde to liquefied factory-sawdust in phenol (LSP) [n (F):n (LSP)], the molar ratio of sodium hydroxide to liquefied factory-sawdust in phenol [n (NaOH) : n (LSP)], the resinification temperature and the resinification time on chemical properties of liquefied sawdust resins (LSR) were investigated. The results show that the ratio of sodium hydroxide to liquefied factory-sawdust in phenol plays the most important role in the processing of resinification, the ratio of formaldehyde to liquefied factory-sawdust in phenol follows, the resinification time and the resinification temperature come to the last two. The optimum processing conditions are as follows: [n (NaOH) : n (LSP)]=0.5, [n (F) : n (LSP)]=2.0, resinification temperature is 80 °C and resinification time is 3.0h. The physical properties of the poplar three-layer plywood bonded with LSR were similar to those with normal PF resins and also satisfied the demands of I level.

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Microwave Assisted Synthesis of Phenol-Formaldehyde Resole

E-Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2007/504343 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 457-460 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Subhash Chandra Bajia ◽

Pawan Swarnkar ◽

Sudesh Kumar ◽

Birbal Bajia

Keyword(s):

Phenol Formaldehyde ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Microwave Assisted Synthesis ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Efficient Synthesis ◽

Microwave Assisted ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

And Chemical Properties

An efficient synthesis of phenol-formaldehyde resin has been achieved by using conventional as well as microwave irradiation. Resin samples were tested for their physical and chemical properties. The structures of the resins have been supported by their spectral analysis.

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Synthesis, characterization and luminescent properties of mixed phase bismuth molybdate-doped with Eu3+ ions

Modern Physics Letters B ◽

10.1142/s0217984918500793 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 32 (06) ◽

pp. 1850079

Author(s):

Liyong Wang ◽

Xiaoqing Guo ◽

Xiaomeng Cai ◽

Qingwei Song ◽

Yuanyuan Han ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phenol Formaldehyde ◽

Influence Factors ◽

Luminescent Properties ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Bismuth Molybdate ◽

Red Phosphors ◽

Thermal Analyzer ◽

Xrd Patterns

Red phosphors of Eu[Formula: see text]-doped bismuth molybdate (BMO) are prepared by a low temperature hydrothermal method assisting with Phenol Formaldehyde resin (PFr), and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, Fourier transform infrared-spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), differential thermal analyzer (DTA), and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. PL properties influence factors including molar ratio of Bi[Formula: see text] and Mo[Formula: see text] ions, PFr dosage and dopants concentration are discussed in detail. The results show that BMO can act as a useful host for Eu[Formula: see text] ions doping, and energy transferring from Bi[Formula: see text] to Eu[Formula: see text] achieved efficiently, the BMO phosphors displayed intense red color emission under ultraviolet light excitation.

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SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERISATION AND APPLICATION OF PHENOL-FORMALDEHYDE RESIN BLENDED WITH SULPHONATED PHYLLANTHUS EMBLICA, LINN., CARBON

JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY ◽

10.24297/jac.v9i2.2343 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 1921-1932

Author(s):

R. K. Seenivasan ◽

D. Ragavan ◽

A. Girija ◽

R. Muthuramalingam

Keyword(s):

Plant Material ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde ◽

Low Cost ◽

Equilibrium Constants ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Composite Resins ◽

Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Phyllanthus Emblica ◽

Weight Percentage

Phenol – Formaldehyde Resin (PFR) is blended with Sulphonated Phyllanthus emblica, Linn., Carbon (SPEC) in various proportions by weight percentage (0-50%w/w). A few composite cation-exchangers were prepared by varying the amount of SPEC (a source of cheap and renevable plant material) in the blends from 10 to 50% (w/w). Reaction conditions for the preparation of blends were optimised. IR spectra, TGA traces, and SEM photos were taken for the characterization of resins. Physico-chemical, properties of the composite resins have been determined. The composites are insoluble in various solvents and reagents and stable towards heat. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the composite resins, decreased with the increasing percentage of SPEC in the blend. Thermodynamic equilibrium constants (lnK) are calculated for H+ - Zn2+ exchanges on the resins having a different amount of SPEC. Thermodynamic parameters are also calculated and suitable explanations are given. The composites up to 20% (w/w) blending retains all the essential properties of the original PFR, since the Phyllanthus emblica, Linn., is the low cost, freely available plant material. Therefore, the composites could be used as low cost ion-exchangers, when SPEC partly replaces the original PFR up to 20% (w/w) blending without affecting the properties of PFR.

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Study on the Curing Process of Allyl Phenol-Formaldehyde Resin

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.282-283.143 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 282-283 ◽

pp. 143-146

Author(s):

Yang Liu ◽

Jing Kun Yu

Keyword(s):

Sodium Hydroxide ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde ◽

Allyl Chloride ◽

Continuous Phase ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Curing Process ◽

Polar Solvents ◽

The Matrix

Allyl phenol-formaldehyde (APF) resin was synthesized by using phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin and allyl chloride as raw materials and sodium hydroxide as alkali catalyst, and its curing process was investigated. The results showed that APF could not only dissolve in polar solvents, but also dissolve in nonpolar solvent. The APF started curing from around 180°C, and it was higher than PF. The curing took place by polyaddition at allyl double bonds, and a wider controllable curing range of 44°C was obtained. The cured surface of the matrix manifested a continuous phase.

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Properties of oriented strand board from alkali-washed bamboo strands after steam treatment

BioResources ◽

10.15376/biores.16.1.987-996 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 987-996

Author(s):

Muhammad Iqbal Maulana ◽

Rio Ardiansyah Murda ◽

Byantara Darsan Purusatama ◽

Rita Kartika Sari ◽

Deded Sarip Nawawi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Sodium Hydroxide ◽

Oriented Strand Board ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde ◽

Sodium Hydroxide Solution ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Steam Treatment ◽

Alkali Concentration ◽

Formaldehyde Resin

Effects of alkali washing were determined after steam treatment of Betung bamboo strands relative to the properties of the bamboo oriented strand boards (BOSBs). The strands were subjected to steam treatment at 126 °C for 1 h under 0.14 MPa of pressure, followed by washing with sodium hydroxide solution at concentrations ranging from 1% to 5% for 30 s. Three-layer BOSBs were manufactured with a target density of approximately 0.7 g/cm3 using 8% phenol formaldehyde resin with the addition of 1% wax. The shelling ratio of the BOSBs was set to be 1:1:1. The physical and mechanical properties increased significantly with the alkali washing treatment at concentrations from 1% to 3%, and the greatest properties were obtained by washing at 3% alkali concentration. However, the washing treatment at concentrations of 4% and 5% reduced the physical and mechanical properties of the BOSBs.

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Preparation, morphology, FTIR and performance properties of foaming particleboard

Journal of Wood Science ◽

10.1186/s10086-021-01984-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 67 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Xiaoyu Bi ◽

Runzhou Huang

Keyword(s):

Phenol Formaldehyde ◽

Critical Role ◽

Particle Surface ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Solid Content ◽

Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Foaming Agent ◽

Resin Solid ◽

And Performance

AbstractThe application of light weight particleboard in furniture industry becomes more inevitable because of the requirement to facilitate transportation and assembly by the customer. Herein, a novel method for the fabrication of foaming particleboard was proposed, which is achieved by adding azodicarbonamide (AC) foaming agent into the formulation that consist of oven-dry poplar (Populus alba) particles (with the moisture content about 4%) and phenol formaldehyde resin (PF resin) (solid content of 48%). In this study, the effects of AC foaming agent and adhesive contents incorporation and its content on mechanical, physical and chemical properties of particleboards were investigated. The results showed that the addition of AC foaming agent played a critical role in properties of particleboard and the optimal particleboard performance was achieved at the particleboard density of 0.6 g/cm3, the PF resin amount of 12%, and the AC foaming agent amount of 1%. Furthermore, the pores appeared on the particle surface were the products of the radical pyrolysis of the foaming agent, which has been proved by the FTIR results and the pores also affect the properties of the particleboards.

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Purification of water contaminated with heavy metals by example of lead as promising material based on graphene nanostructures

Perspektivnye Materialy ◽

10.30791/1028-978x-2020-9-34-43 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 34-43

Author(s):

N. R. Memetov ◽

◽

A. V. Gerasimova ◽

A. E. Kucherova ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adsorption Process ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Parameter Estimates ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Ecological Situation ◽

Characteristic Parameters ◽

Purification Of Water ◽

Graphene Nanostructures

The paper evaluates the effectiveness of the use of graphene nanostructures in the purification of lead (II) ions to improve the ecological situation of water bodies. The mechanisms and characteristic parameters of the adsorption process were analyzed using empirical models of isotherms at temperatures of 298, 303, 313 and 323 K, which correspond to the following order (based on the correlation coefficient): Langmuir (0.99) > Temkin (0.97) > Dubinin – Radushkevich (0.90). The maximum adsorption capacity of the material corresponds to the range from 230 to 260 mg/g. We research the equilibrium at the level of thermodynamic parameter estimates, which indicates the spontaneity of the process, the endothermic nature and structure change of graphene modified with phenol-formaldehyde resin during the adsorption of lead (II) ions, leading to an increase in the disorder of the system.

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