scholarly journals Skuteczność chwastobójcza wybranych herbicydów stosowanych w jęczmieniu jarym

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Głowacka
Keyword(s):  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Stellaria Media ◽  
Galium Aparine ◽  
Polygonum Lapathifolium

Celem prowadzonych badań była ocena skuteczności chwastobójczej wybranych herbicydów stosowanych w jęczmieniu jarym, odmiana Poldek. Doświadczenie przeprowadzono w latach 2012–2014. W doświadczeniu stosowano następujące kombinacje herbicydowe: kontrola (bez odchwaszczania), Pike 20 WG (metsulfuron metylu), Aurora 40 WG (karfentrazon etylu), Tayson 464 SL + Pike 20 WG (2,4-D + dikamba + metsulfuron metylu), Pike 20 WG + Aurora 40 WG (metsulfuron metylu + karfentrazon etylu), Galmet 20 SG + Galaper 200 EC (metsulfuron metylu + fluroksypyr), Granstar Ultra SX 50 WG (tifensulfuron metylu + tribenuron metylu). Ocenę skuteczności zwalczania najliczniej występujących gatunków chwastów przeprowadzono 30 dni po zastosowaniu preparatów metodą szacunkową. Dodatkowo dwa tygodnie przed zbiorem jęczmienia oceniono wtórne zachwaszczenie łanu metodą botaniczno-wagową, określając skład florystyczny, liczebność poszczególnych gatunków oraz powietrznie suchą masę chwastów. Gatunkami dominującymi w uprawie jęczmienia były: Galinsoga parviflora, Polygonum lapathifolium subsp. lapathifolium, Galium aparine, Matricaria maritima subsp. inodora, Chenopodium album i Stellaria media. Najbardziej skuteczne w zwalczaniu dominujących w jęczmieniu gatunków chwastów były kombinacje herbicydowe Tayson 464 SL + Pike 20 WG oraz Pike 20 WG + Aurora 40 WG, Galmet 20 SG + Galaper 200 EC. Po aplikacji tych kombinacji herbicydowych uzyskano również najwyższy plon ziarna jęczmienia.

scholarly journals Weed infestation of a spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop under the conditions of plough and ploughless tillage

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-140
Author(s):  
Andrzej Woźniak
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Stellaria Media ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Galium Aparine ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Weed Infestation

A field experiment was conducted in the period 2007- 2009 in the Uhrusk Experimental Farm (Lublin region) belonging to the University of Life Sciences in Lublin. Different tillage systems - plough and ploughless tillage - were the experimental factors. In the plough tillage system, tillage involved skimming done after the harvest of the forecrop and autumn ploughing. In the ploughless tillage system, only the herbicide Roundup 360 SL (active substance - glyphosate) was applied after the harvest of the forecrop. In both tillage treatments, spring tillage involved field cultivating and the use of a tillage assembly consisting of a cultivator, cage roller, and harrow. The present experiment evaluated weed infestation of the crop expressed by the number and air-dry weight of weeds and their species composition. Under the conditions of ploughless tillage, air-dry weight of weeds in the spring wheat crop was shown to increase significantly compared to plough tillage. The tillage systems under comparison did not differentiate the number of weeds per 1 m<sup>2</sup>. Spring wheat sown using plough tillage was colonized most extensively by the following weed species: <i>Avena fatua</i> L., <i>Stellaria media</i> (L.) Vill., <i>Galium aparine</i> L., <i>Amaranthus retroflexus</i> L., <i>Chenopodium album</i> L., and <i>Consolida regalis</i> Gray. In the ploughless tillage treatments, the following weeds were predominant: <i>Stellaria media</i> (L.) Vill., <i>Avena fatua</i> L., <i>Fallopia convolvulus</i> (L.) A. Löve, <i>Papaver rhoeas</i> L., <i>Amaranthus retroflexus</i> L., <i>Galium aparine</i> L., and <i>Chenopodium album</i> L.

Comparison of the Photosynthetic Capacity between Intact Leaves of Triazine-Resistant and -Susceptible Biotypes of Six Weed Species

1984 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 440-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L.P. van Oorschot ◽  
P.H. van Leeuwen
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Solanum Nigrum ◽  
Poa Annua ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Stellaria Media ◽  
Rate Of Photosynthesis ◽  
Intact Leaves ◽  
Polygonum Lapathifolium

The rate of photosynthesis in intact leaves of a triazine-resistant biotype of Amaranthus retroflexus was about 15% lower than that of a triazine-susceptible biotype. Differences in photosynthesis between resistant and susceptible biotypes of Polygonum lapathifolium, Poa annua and Solanum nigrum were not significant, and absent in Chenopodium album and Stellaria media. The results are brought in relation to the appearance of resistant biotypes in the field.

scholarly journals Present and potential weed infestation of spring cereals in different cropping system

2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-190
Author(s):  
Andrzej Wesołowski ◽  
Andrzej Woźniak
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Stellaria Media ◽  
Galium Aparine ◽  
Weed Seeds ◽  
Spring Cereals ◽  
Weed Infestation

This paper presents the results of investigations on the weed infestation and vertical distribution of weed seed bank in rendzina under spring cereals cultivation in crop rotations and monoculture. Used herbicides (MCPA and <i>fenoxaprop-P-etylu</i>) decreased the number of weeds and species composition in comparison with harrowing. In the soil layer of 0-25 cm used in the monoculture there was found about 22,9% weed seeds more than in crop rotation. In the canopy of spring cereals the following weeds dominated: in crop rotation - <i>Chenopodium album, Echinochloa crus-galli and Veronica persica; and in monoculture - Stellaria media, Galium aparine</i> and <i>Chenopodium album</i>. In the soil layer of 0-25 cm used in crop rotation and monoculture the following weed seeds dominated : <i>Amaranthus retroflexus, Chenopodium album</i> and <i>Stellaria media</i>.

Efficacy of some herbicides in wheat crop

Pesticidi ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Radivojevic ◽  
Radmila Stankovic-Kalezic ◽  
M. Budimir
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Convolvulus Arvensis ◽  
Stellaria Media ◽  
Galium Aparine ◽  
Winter Wheat Crop ◽  
Fumaria Officinalis

In 2001 and 2002 field trials were carried out to evaluate efficacy of eight herbicides, alone or in the combinations, in winter wheat crop, in the Juzni Banat region. The next herbicides were examined: 2,4-D, Fluroksypyr Tribenuronmethyl, 2,4-D+Florasulam, Bentazon+Dicamba, Triasulfuron+Dicamba lodosulphuron-methylodium+Amidosulphuron Herbicides were applied after tillering of wheat was over. More frequent weed species were: Anthemis arvensis, Chenopodium album, Cirsium arvense, Convolvulus arvensis Delphinium consolida, Fumaria officinalis, Galium aparine, Lamium purpureum Polygonum convolvulus, Ranunculus arvensis, Sinapis arvensis, Stellaria media, Veronica polita i Viola tricolor. The most sensitive weed species to all herbicides were S. arvensis and Ch. album. The most tolerant was G. aparine (exept to fluroxipyr). The other species were less sensitive and herbicides eficacy were good or satisfactory, exept to V. polita and D. consolida. These results sugest that all applied herbicides could be successful in broad leaves weed control in the winter wheat crop in the Juzni Banat region.

scholarly journals Therapeutic plants found in agrocenoses of the middle Vistula River Valley mesoregion

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-121
Author(s):  
Maria Ługowska ◽  
Janina Skrzyczyńska ◽  
Teresa Skrajna
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Stellaria Media ◽  
Polygonum Hydropiper ◽  
Galium Aparine ◽  
Vistula River ◽  
Potato Crops

Therapeutic plants found in agrocenoses of the middle Vistula River Valley mesoregion Studies on the segetal flora of the Middle Vistula River Valley mesoregion were carried out between 2003 and 2006 in cereal and potato crops and in stubble fields (117 localities). A total of 184 medicinal vascular plant species were noted in the studied agrocenoses. Native plants (68%) dominated over species brought to Poland (32%). Hemicryptophytes (83 spp.), therophytes (74 spp.) and geophytes (26 spp.) were the most numerous groups of life forms. Perennials (55%) prevailed over short-lived plants (45%). Very rare and rare species (61%) built up the most numerous group of species. Their populations usually consisted of single specimens. Only a few of the medicinal plant species occured as larger populations. They were Aphanes arvensis, Stellaria media and Galium aparine in cereals, Equisetum arvense, Stellaria media, Chenopodium album, Elymus repens, Plantago major, Polygonum amphibium, Mentha arvensis, Plantago intermedia, Polygonum hydropiper and Gypsophila muralis in stubble fields, as well as Stellaria media in potato cultivations.

Bacterial Communities Associated with Chenopodium album and Stellaria media Seeds from Arable Soils

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard S. van Overbeek ◽  
Angelinus C. Franke ◽  
Els H. M. Nijhuis ◽  
Roel M. W. Groeneveld ◽  
Ulisses Nunes da Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Arable Soils ◽  
Stellaria Media

Effects of glyphosate on Fusarium spp.: its influence on root colonization of weeds, propagule density in the soil, and crop emergence

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 354-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. André Lévesque ◽  
James E. Rahe ◽  
David M. Eaves
Keyword(s):  
Root Colonization ◽  
Plantago Lanceolata ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Holcus Lanatus ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Stellaria Media ◽  
Perennial Weeds ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Annual Weeds ◽  
Polygonum Persicaria

Glyphosate is a broad spectrum herbicide that can lead to root rot like damage on crops. This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of glyphosate on the root-colonizing Fusarium spp. The research was conducted at two sites. Site one was densely covered with perennial weeds, and site two with annuals. At site one, spraying the weed cover with glyphosate increased (p < 0.05) the level of colonization by Fusarium spp. in Ranunculus repens and Holcus lanatus, but not in Stellaria media and Plantago lanceolata. At site two, glyphosate enhanced colonization in Spergula arvensis, Stellaria media, Echinochloa crusgalli, and Chenopodium album, but not in Capsella bursa-pastoris and Polygonum persicaria. At both sites, the number of colony-forming units of Fusarium spp. per gram of dried soil was increased by the application of glyphosate. Nevertheless, crops subsequently sown in the field containing the annual weeds were not detrimentally affected by glyphosate treatment of these weeds.

scholarly journals Growth of weeds in cereal populations

1972 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila-Riitta Erviö
Keyword(s):  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Stellaria Media ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Seed Rate ◽  
Polygonum Convolvulus ◽  
Cereal Seed

The weeds in this study consisted mainly of Chenopodium album, Stellaria media, Viola arvensis, Polygonum convolvulus, P. aviculare and P. lapathifolium. Increasing cereal seed rates reduced the numbers, individual weights and total yields of the most abundant species, Chenopodium album. The decreases in plant weight and total yield of the weeds were very steep when the cereal seed rate was raised from 25 to 200 kg/ha. Increases in the seeding rate reduced the total yields of weeds rather than their numbers. The effect of the cereal on weeds became apparent as soon as heading of the cereal was complete and was further enhanced by prolonged competition. Added nitrogen raised the weed yields at cereal seed rates of 25—100 kg/ha but reduced them at higher seed rates. Nitrogen also raised the yield and individual plant weight of C. album. Cereal seed rate did not affect the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium contents of the weeds grown among the crop. Due to larger total weed yields, however, the amounts of these nutrients in the weeds were higher in sparse than in dense cereal populations.

scholarly journals The Impact of Under‑Vine Management on the Weed Seedbank in the Soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 1165-1170
Author(s):  
Lenka Porčová ◽  
Vladimír Smutný
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Maintenance Management ◽  
Mechanical Method ◽  
Stellaria Media ◽  
Control Chemical ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The evaluation of the weed seedbank in the soil was carried out in 2013 and 2014 in the Žabčice vineyard. Within the frame of maintenance management, three methods of under‑vine management were proposed: untreated control, chemical and mechanical method of weed management. 23 plant species were identified in the soil samples from the place below the grapevine. The obtained data were evaluated by the analysis of variance (ANOVA). Seeds of the species Amaranthus sp., Chenopodium album, Stellaria media, and Portulaca oleracea were the most common in all variants. Soil samples from the variant of mechanical weed management were the richest from the perspective of species. This variant also contained the smallest number of seeds per m2 of soil.

scholarly journals Plant communities of cereals with respect to the location of field in mountain region

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Ewa Stupnicka-Rodzynkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Pronounced Effect ◽  
Mountain Region ◽  
Cirsium Arvense ◽  
Stellaria Media ◽  
Galium Aparine ◽  
Centaurea Cyanus ◽  
Weed Infestation

Studies on weed infestation of cereals with respect to the location of the field under various mountain conditions (bottom ofthe valley, slopes with different exposure, local top area) were carried out in the central part of the Dunajec valley in the Beskidy Mountains. Plant communities on the slopes and top area contained more species than those in the bottom of the valley. Coverage of soil by weeds on the slopes was also higher. However, slope exposure had no pronounced effect on the differentiation of weed composition. Dominating species in all area where the studies were carried out were: <em>Stellaria media, Galium aparine, Centaurea cyanus, Apera spica-venti and Cirsium arvense</em>.

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