scholarly journals Effect of condit soil improver on growth, yield and leaf mineral content of two summer pear cvs. with interstocks

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
Ireneusz Stefan Sosna
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Content ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Tree Planting ◽  
Annual Dose ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Pear Tree ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
Fruit Mass

The study involving 2 pear cultivars was conducted in 2006–2016. ‘Radana’ and ‘Clapp’s Favourite’ were planted in the spring 2006 in the Experimental Station next to Wrocław (south-western Poland) on Quince S1 and Caucasian pear seedlings with 2 interstocks – ‘Doyenne du Comice’ and ‘Pyrodwarf’. An annual dose of 3 tonnes per hectare of Condit Basic bio-fertilizer was applied onto the tree row soil surface at the beginning of March 2012, i.e., starting from the 7th year after the planting. The study objective was to evaluate effect of Condit preparation on summer pear tree cultivars which are not compatible with Quince, and to assess interstock suitability in their context. The yields obtained in the first eleven years following tree planting were the most abundant for ‘Radana’ on Caucasian pear and on Quince with ‘Doyenne du Comice’ interstock. When applied for 5 years, Condit increased the leaf surface area, however a significant difference was exhibited only by ‘Radana’ on the Caucasian pear. This soil improver did not affect tree growth and yielding; total chlorophyll content; foliar Mg, P, Ca, and K; and mean fruit mass across the investigated treatment combinations.

The Influence of Rainfall on Growth of Rubber Trees in Marginal Area of Northeast Thailand

2013 ◽  
Vol 844 ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Niramol Sangchanda ◽  
Supat Isarangkool Na Ayutthaya ◽  
Somyot Meetha ◽  
Patcharin Songsri
Keyword(s):  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Tree Planting ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Tree Plantations ◽  
Northeast Thailand ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Khon Kaen ◽  
The Relationship

Rubber trees grow predominately in the southern and eastern areas of Thailand, where there is the majority of rainfall. However, the rubber tree plantations extend to north and northeastern areas, with lower annual rainfall. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of rainfall on growth of rubber tree in northeastern areas of Thailand. The outcome of this work should be helped to indicate the optimum area for rubber tree planting in northeast. The study was undertaken using rubber tree clone RRIM600 by comparing the girth at 150 cm at the soil surface, planted in areas of differing rainfall: in Nongkhai, Chaiyaphum, Khon Kaen, Roiet and Buriram provinces. The sample of 50 trees was selected in 3 plantations per province (150 trees per province). The results found that there was no significant difference in girth of the rubber trees in all areas. However, the rubber trees planted in Nongkhai, where had highest rainfall, had highest growth. Moreover, the relationship between rainfall and growth exhibited a positive correlation, demonstrating that higher rainfall increased the girth of rubber trees.

Effects of Moisture and Nitrogen on Growth, Yield and Mineral Content of Rice

1969 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. K. Pande ◽  
Panjab Singh
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Manganese Content ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Moisture Supply ◽  
Phosphorus Iron ◽  
Limited Moisture ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Iron And Manganese

SummaryLimited moisture supply caused reduction in leaf area, number of effective tillers, ratio of sound to unsound grains and the nitrogen, phosphorus, iron and manganese content of rice. Crop yield was adversely affected in the absence of standing water. Two levels of nitrogen (40 and 60 kg.N/ha.) caused no significant difference in yield in 1965, but in 1966, when 30 and 60 kg. N/ha. were used, the latter gave better yields.

scholarly journals Integration of Dental Implants in Conjunction with EDTA-Conditioned Dentin Grafts: An Experimental Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Payam Farzad ◽  
Ted Lundgren ◽  
Adel Al-Asfour ◽  
Lars Andersson ◽  
Christer Dahlin
Keyword(s):  
Direct Contact ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dentin Surface ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
C And N ◽  
Micro Implants ◽  
Demineralized Dentin

This study was undertaken to investigate the integration of titanium micro-implants installed in conjunction with previously dentin-grafted areas and to study the morphological appearance, mineral content, and healing pattern of xenogenic EDTA-conditioned dentin blocks and granules grafted to cavities in the tibial bone of rabbits. Demineralized and non-demineralized dentin blocks and granules from human premolars were implanted into cavities prepared on the lateral aspects of the tibias of rabbits. After a healing period of six months, micro-implants were installed at each surgical site. Histological examinations were carried out after 24 weeks. Characterization of the EDTA-conditioned dentin blocks was performed by means of light microscopy, dental X-rays, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). No implants were found to be integrated in direct contact with the dentin particles or blocks. On the EDTA-conditioned dentin surface, the organic marker elements C and N dominated, as revealed by EDX. The hydroxyapatite constituents Ca and P were almost absent on the dentin surface. No statistically significant difference was observed between the EDTA-conditioned and non-demineralized dentin, as revealed by BIC and BA. The bone-inductive capacity of the dentin material seemed limited, although demineralization by means of EDTA indicated higher BIC and BA values in conjunction with the installed implants in the area. A 12 h EDTA treatment did not fully decalcify the grafts, as revealed by X-ray analysis.

scholarly journals Tonic Stretch Reflex Threshold as a Measure of Ankle Plantar-Flexor Spasticity After Stroke

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 687-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreanne K. Blanchette ◽  
Aditi A. Mullick ◽  
Karina Moïn-Darbari ◽  
Mindy F. Levin
Keyword(s):  
Stretch Reflex ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Motor Deficits ◽  
Plantar Flexor ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dynamic Velocity ◽  
Reflex Threshold

Background Commonly used spasticity scales assess the resistance felt by the evaluator during passive stretching. These scales, however, have questionable validity and reliability. The tonic stretch reflex threshold (TSRT), or the angle at which motoneuronal recruitment begins in the resting state, is a promising alternative for spasticity measurement. Previous studies showed that spasticity and voluntary motor deficits after stroke may be characterized by a limitation in the ability of the central nervous system to regulate the range of the TSRT. Objective The study objective was to assess interevaluator reliability for TSRT plantar-flexor spasticity measurement. Design This was an interevaluator reliability study. Methods In 28 people after stroke, plantar-flexor spasticity was evaluated twice on the same day. Plantar-flexor muscles were stretched 20 times at different velocities assigned by a portable device. Plantar-flexor electromyographic signals and ankle angles were used to determine dynamic velocity-dependent thresholds. The TSRT was computed by extrapolating a regression line through dynamic velocity-dependent thresholds to the angular axis. Results Mean TSRTs in evaluations 1 and 2 were 66.0 degrees (SD=13.1°) and 65.8 degrees (SD=14.1°), respectively, with no significant difference between them. The intraclass correlation coefficient (2,1) was .851 (95% confidence interval=.703, .928). Limitations The notion of dynamic stretch reflex threshold does not exclude the possibility that spasticity is dependent on acceleration, as well as on velocity; future work will study both possibilities. Conclusions Tonic stretch reflex threshold interevaluator reliability for evaluating stroke-related plantar-flexor spasticity was very good. The TSRT is a reliable measure of spasticity. More information may be gained by combining the TSRT measurement with a measure of velocity-dependent resistance.

Effects of a physical self-care support program for patients with fibromyalgia: A randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Suélem B. de Lorena ◽  
Angela L.B.P. Duarte ◽  
Markus Bredemeier ◽  
Vanessa M. Fernandes ◽  
Eduardo A.S. Pimentel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Support Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stretching Exercises ◽  
Care Support

BACKGROUND: The effects of stretching exercises in fibromyalgia (FM) deserves further study. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of a Physical Self-Care Support Program (PSCSP), with emphasis on stretching exercises, in the treatment of FM. METHODS: Forty-five women with FM were randomized to the PSCSP (n= 23) or to a control group (n= 22). The PSCSP consisted of weekly 90-minute learning sessions over 10 weeks, providing instructions on wellness, postural techniques, and active stretching exercises to be done at home. The control group was monitored through 3 medical appointments over 10 weeks and included in a waiting list. The primary outcomes were the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain, and the Sit and Reach Test (SRT) at the end of the study. RESULTS: Nineteen and 21 patients completed the trial in PSCSP and control groups, respectively. After 10 weeks, the PSCSP group showed significantly better FIQ (difference between adjusted means, -13.64, 95% CI, -21.78 to -5.49, P= 0.002) and SRT scores (7.24 cm, 3.12 to 11.37, P= 0.001) than the CONTROL group, but no significant difference in pain VAS (-1.41, -3.04 to 0.22, P= 0.088). Analysis using multiple imputation (MI) and delta-adjusted MI for missing outcomes rendered similar results. CONCLUSIONS: A PSCSP emphasizing stretching exercises significantly improved FIQ and SRT scores, and may be a helpful therapy for FM.

scholarly journals Potassium and Water-Deficient Conditions Influence the Growth, Yield and Quality of Ratoon Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) in a Semi-Arid Agroecosystem

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2257
Author(s):  
Rajan Bhatt ◽  
Jagdish Singh ◽  
Alison M. Laing ◽  
Ram Swaroop Meena ◽  
Walaa F. Alsanie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Fertilizer Application Rate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
K Fertilizer ◽  
Ratoon Sugarcane

Groundwater and soil potassium deficiencies are present in northern India. Sugarcane is a vital crop in the Indian Punjab; it is grown on approximately 91,000 hectares with an average yield of 80 tonnes ha−1 and a sugar recovery rate of 9.59%. The role of potassium (K) fertilizer under both sufficient and deficient irrigation in ratoon sugarcane crops is not well documented. We conducted a split-plot ratoon cane experiment during 2020–2021 at the Gurdaspur Regional Research Station of Punjab Agricultural University, India, on K-deficient soils. Main treatments were fully irrigated (I1) and water stressed (I0) conditions, with sub-treatments reflecting K fertilizer application rates of 0 (M1), 67 (M2), 133 (M3), and 200 (M4) kg K ha−1. The ratoon sugarcane performance was assessed in terms of growth, productivity, sugar quality and incidence of key insect pests. At harvest, trends in the growth and yield parameters in I1 were improved over the I0 treatment, with cane height (+12.2%), diameter (+3.3%), number of internodes (+5.4%), biomass yield (+7.6%) and cane yield (+5.9%) all higher, although little significant difference was observed between treatments. Ratoon cane yield under irrigation was 57.1 tonnes ha−1; in water-stressed conditions, it was 54.7 tonnes ha−1. In terms of sugarcane quality parameters, measured 12 months after harvesting the initial seed crop, values of Brix (+3.6%), pol (+3.9%), commercial cane sugar percentage (+4.0%) and extractable sugar percentage (+2.8%) were all higher in the irrigated treatments than the water-stressed plot. Irrigated treatments also had a significantly lower incidence of two key insect pests: top borer (Scirpophaga excerptalis) was reduced by 18.5% and stalk borer (Chilo auricilius) by 21.7%. The M3 and M4 treatments resulted in the highest cane yield and lowest incidence of insect pests compared to other K-fertilizer treatments. Economic return on K-fertilizer application increased with increasing fertilizer dosage. Under the potassium-deficient water-stressed conditions of the region of north India, a fertilizer application rate of 133 kg K ha−1 is recommended to improve ratoon sugarcane growth, yield, and quality parameters and economic returns for sugarcane farmers.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the prevalence and severity of xerophthalmia in head and neck cancers patients undergoing curative radiotherapy

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sowmya V ◽  
Dipika Jayachander ◽  
Vijna Kamath ◽  
Mithun SK Rao ◽  
Mohammed Raees Tonse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Cancer Group ◽  
Curative Radiotherapy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rectal Cancers

  Background: The study objective was to assess the development of xerophthalmia [dry eye syndrome (DES) or keratoconjunctivitis sicca] in head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy.Methods: Twenty two head and neck cancer patients requiring more than 60 Gy of curative radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy and ten patients requiring radiotherapy/ chemoradiotherapy for treating cancers in the non head and neck regions (like breast, oesophagus, prostate, cervix and rectal cancers) were also enrolled in the study. The development of DES was studied at the beginning (day 0, before the start of radiotherapy) at day 21 (after completion of 30 Gy) and on completion of the treatment (> 60 Gy). As a comparative cohort, people with non head and neck cancer needing curative radiotherapy were also evaluated for comparison.Results: There was no difference in degree of DES between the Head and Neck cancer cohorts and non head and neck group at the beginning of treatment. However there was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) between the two groups at both mid and end of RT time point. Inter comparison between the various time points in the head and neck cancer group showed that the incidence of DES increased with the radiation exposure and was significant (pre to mid p < 0.001; and mid to end p < 0.005). A negative (r = -0.262) correlation was seen between DES and distance.Conclusions: The study showed that lesser the distance from the epicenter of the radiation to the orbital rim more was the severity of DES.

scholarly journals Intrabasin Floral Differences in the Sonoran Desert; a case study from the Casa Grande Valley

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Garcia ◽  
Sarah Gabriele ◽  
Benjamin Cowgill ◽  
Xavier Rodriguez ◽  
Robert J Gay
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Sonoran Desert ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Controlling Factors ◽  
Floral Variation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Elevation Data ◽  
Expected Values

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine what floral differences exist in North Mountain Park and Casa Grande Mountain Park which are both located on opposite sides of the Casa Grande Valley, Pinal County, Arizona and to attempt to explain any measured differences. Previous authors have proposed several explanations for floral variation within the Sonoran Desert including elevation, soil pH, and mineral content. This study explicitly tests several of these proposed mechanisms for determining community composition. Methods: The floral composition was measured in both North Mountain Park and Casa Grande Mountain Park through a series of transects which were sampled by multiple times in 2012 and 2013. Elevation data soil pH were also sampled. Results: The data recovered from North Mountain Park differed from the expected values in Casa Grande Mountain Park by 22%. This indicates a significant difference in the flora between these two localities that was not predicted by earlier studies. Elevation and soil pH differences between sampled localities were not significant. This suggests that mineral composition of the soil may play an important role within this basin in determining community composition. Discussion: Many factors that have been proposed in prior studies do not appear to play a significant role within the Casa Grande Valley in determining community composition. This indicates that the composition of a community is influenced by different factors in different locations within the Sonoran Desert. This makes determining overall controlling factors across an ecosystem difficult.

scholarly journals Effects of Intra-Row Spacing on Yield and Yield Components of Sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrid) Varieties at Omo Kuraz, Southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
Wubante Alehegn ◽  
Amare Girma ◽  
A. Q. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Spacing Effect ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Sugarcane Varieties ◽  
Significant Difference

Sugarcane stalk population is a key determinant of cane yield and knowing the right intra-row spacing is a critical factor in sugarcane production for a given environment. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted at Omo Kuraz Sugar Estate during the 2018/ 2019 cropping season to determine the effect of intra-row spacings (5 cm overlapping, end-to-end, 5 cm spacing between setts and 10 cm spacing between setts) on growth, yield, yield components and quality parameters of sugarcane varieties (N14, Mex54/245 and C86/112). The treatments were arranged in a split-plot design with three replications. Varieties were represented as the main plot whereas setts spacing treatments were assigned to sub-plots. Analysis of variance revealed that the intra-row spacing effect didn’t show a significant difference in the number of tillers, plant population, millable cane, cane yield, sugar yield, and Brix percent whereas significant (P<0.05) differences were observed in stalk height, stalk girth, number of internodes and weight per stalk. Therefore, the 10 cm intra-row spacing of three budded setts can be recommended for better productivity and profitability of N14 and Mex54/245 varieties at the Omo Kuraz Sugar factory.

scholarly journals Ultrasound diagnosis of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and ultrasound evaluation of treatment efficacy (changes in tumor volume)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-23
Author(s):  
G. F. Allakhverdieva ◽  
G. Т. Sinyukova ◽  
V. N. Sholokhov ◽  
Т. Yu. Danzanova ◽  
О. А. Saprina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Induction Chemotherapy ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Treatment Efficacy ◽  
Tumor Volume ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ct And Mri

The study objective is to assess the capabilities of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas and in the evaluation of treatment efficacy (changes in tumor volume).Materials and methods. This study included 98 patients (27 (27.5 %) females and 71 (72.5 %) males aged between 20 and 78 years with oropharyngeal tumors; of them, 12 (12.2 %) patients had recurrent tumors. Sixty-seven (68.4 %) participants had their tumors located in the tonsils; 31 (31.6 %) patients had tumors of the root of the tongue; 47 (48.0 %) patients presented with tumors invading adjacent tissues; 57 (58.2 %) patients had their lymph nodes involved. Thirty-two patients were operated at the first stage of treatment, whereas 66 (67.3 %) individuals received induction chemotherapy followed by sequential chemoradiotherapy. Treatment efficacy was evaluated 2 weeks following the completion of the second course of induction chemotherapy. We assessed tumor volume, its structure, type and intensity of vascularization, and the number and size of lymph nodes affected by metastasis. Ultrasonography findings were compared with the results of fibroscopy, X-ray computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed 2 weeks following the completion of the second course of induction chemotherapy (no later than 7–10 days).Results. The disagreement between histology and ultrasonography findings reflecting tumor volume (of either newly diagnosed or recurrent tumor) was statistically insignificant. The results of X-ray CT were more likely to be in agreement with histology than the ultrasonography results (85.0 % vs 70.0 %); however, this difference was not statistically significant. Data of X-ray CT and ultrasonography on the tumor volume demonstrated no significant difference between them. MRI and ultrasonography findings on the tumor volume were consistent in 50 % of cases. We identified the most common changes in the structure of the oropharyngeal tumors typical of positive and negative dynamics after 2 courses of induction chemotherapy. Patients with positive dynamics demonstrated a significant decrease in tumor volume detected by all diagnostic methods used (ultrasonography, X-ray CT, and MRI). There was a significant negative correlation between the efficacy of treatment assessed by ultrasonography and the grade of therapeutic pathomorphosis assessed by histology (r = –0.69; р = 0.0014).Conclusion. The accuracy of ultrasonography for the estimation of oropharyngeal tumor volume and its spread is comparable with that of X-ray CT and MRI. The disagreement between these methods was statistically insignificant. Ultrasonography is a more sensitive method for the evaluation of patient response to treatment than clinical data.

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