scholarly journals Scapulaseius asiaticus (Evans) and S. reptans (Blommers) (Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae): one or two species?

Acarologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 747-757
Author(s):  
Serge Kreiter ◽  
Francisco Ferragut
Keyword(s):  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Morphometric Measurements ◽  
Type Series

We compare morphometric measurements and other characteristics of females and males of Scapulaseius asiaticus (Evans) and S. reptans (Blommers) collected in various countries and already published, with new morphometric measurements and character states of specimens of the type series of both species and additional materials. The aim is to establish definitively whether both species are synonyms or not, following the doubt on the taxonomic status of the former and the hypothesis formulated by both authors in previous papers concerning Mauritius phytoseiid fauna. Setal and shield measurements were similar between species and other morphological characters used before to separate both taxa, like the position of setae R1, showed a wide intraspecific variability. We conclude that the two forms are conspecific and, therefore, S. reptans is designated a junior synonym of S. asiaticus.

The taxonomic status of Aphodius insperatus Petrovitz, A. longipennis Rakovič and A. inylchekensis Frolov (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4728 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-394
Author(s):  
ANDREY V. FROLOV ◽  
LILIA A. AKHMETOVA ◽  
DAVID KRÁL
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Additional Material ◽  
Diagnostic Characters

The subgenus Bodilus Mulsant & Rey, 1870 of the genus Aphodius Helwig, 1798 sensu lato comprises 30 species in the Palearctic fauna (Frolov 2001, 2002, Dellacasa et al. 2016 [treated as genus Bodilus]). Frolov (2001) reviewed the species of this subgenus from Russia and adjacent countries and suggested that the monotypic subgenus Paramelinopterus Rakovič, 1984 shares the main diagnostic characters of Bodilus. Frolov (2001) was unable, however, to examine the type species of Paramelinopterus, A. longipennis Rakovič, 1984, at that time. Král (2016) suggested that A. (Bodilus) inylchekensis Frolov, 2001 is a junior synonym of A. longipennis. Recently we have re-examined all the types as well as the additional material accumulated in the museums and can confirm that A. inylchekensis is a distinct species, but A. insperatus Petrovitz, 1967 and A. longipennis cannot be reliably separated by the morphological characters. In the present contribution we illustrate the major diagnostic characters of the species based on the type specimens and also provide a distribution map of the known localities of the species. 

Taxonomic status of Brucepattersonius albinasus (Rodentia: Sigmodontinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1199 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
JÚLIO FERNANDO VILELA ◽  
JOÃO ALVES DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
CIBELE RODRIGUES BONVICINO
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Cytochrome B ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Evolutionary Lineage

Molecular (cytochrome b) comparisons between topotypical specimens of Brucepattersonius griserufescens and the holotype of B. albinasus, both described from the same locality in southeastern Brazil, reveal a very low estimate of genetic distance, equivalent to those obtained in comparisons between haplotypes of B. griserufescens. Only six variable sites, five transitions and one transversion, were found among the 1040 bp of all haplotypes. These findings, together with a re-evaluation of the morphological characters on which the distinction between the two nominal forms was based, indicate that only one evolutionary lineage is represented, which must bear the name B. griserufescens, with B. albinasus as a junior synonym.

Quantitative morphological characters of the skull suggest that Akodon oenos (Rodentia, Cricetidae, Sigmodontinae) is not a junior synonym of A. spegazzinii

Mammalia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pablo Jayat ◽  
Pablo E. Ortiz ◽  
Agustina A. Ojeda ◽  
Agustina Novillo ◽  
Pablo Teta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Type Series ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Nominal Form ◽  
Previous Hypothesis ◽  
Skull Measurements

AbstractAkodon oenos, a nominal form with type locality in northern Mendoza province, Argentina, has an intricate taxonomic history. Recently, it was considered a junior synonym of Akodon spegazzinii on the basis of morphological similarities of one individual captured in southern Mendoza with specimens belonging to the type series of A. oenos, plus the genetic similarity of that single specimen with representatives of A. spegazzinii. We compared specimens of the Akodon boliviensis species group recently captured in Mendoza with the type series of A. oenos and series of A. spegazzinii from northwestern Argentina. We conducted an analysis of molecular markers (cytochrome-b gene) and quantitative morphological studies (comparisons of skull measurements). Our results showed that: (1) all sequenced specimens of the A. boliviensis group from Mendoza form a monophyletic clade closely related to A. spegazzinii; (2) contrary to previous hypothesis, specimens of Akodon from Mendoza are morphologically distinctive in size and shape of the skull, from A. spegazzinii; and (3) within the A. boliviensis species group, specimens from Mendoza are distinctive. We argue that the synonymy of A. oenos under A. spegazzinii must await further studies, including molecular markers other than mitochondrial and samples of DNA sequences from topotypical specimens of A. oenos.

scholarly journals Taxonomic status of the Guyanese endemic caecilian Caecilia pressula Taylor, 1968 (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Caeciliidae)

2020 ◽  
pp. 227-229
Author(s):  
Mark Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Diagnostic Feature ◽  
Type Series

The taxonomic status of the poorly known Neotropical caecilian species Caecilia pressula Taylor, 1968 is reconsidered based on examination of the type series. The single reported diagnostic feature, a laterally compressed body, that purportedly distinguishes C. pressula from Caecilia tentaculata Linnaeus, 1758 is not consistent across the seven specimens that constitute the type series and the only reported specimens, is variable in the Holotype depending on how it is held, and is considered to be artefactual. Caecilia pressula is considered to be a junior synonym of Caecilia tentaculata. Dentitional features of the smallest and presumed youngest specimens in the type series provide evidence that C. tentaculata practices maternal dermatophagy.

scholarly journals The taxonomic status of Phlebotomus oliverioi (Diptera, Psychodidae) and a lectotype designation for Psathyromyia brasiliensis

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 426-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey J. de Andrade ◽  
Paloma H. F. Shimabukuro ◽  
Eunice A. B. Galati
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
International Code

Phlebotomus oliverioi Barretto & Coutinho, 1941 was originally described based only on the male holotype and has since been considered junior-synonym of Psathyromyia brasiliensis (Costa Lima, 1932). The study of the holotype of Ph. oliverioi allowed us to conclude that the head of this specimen belongs to the genus Psychodopygus and the wings, thorax and abdomen belong to a different species of Psathyromyia. Thus, Ph. oliverioi is a not valid species, and must be removed from the synonym and excluded from the provisions of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (Articles 17.2 and 23.8). The specimen was measured, drawn, photographed and the morphological characters are discussed. Lectotype and paralectotypes to Pa. brasiliensis are designated.

Morphological and molecular study of the genus Nosopsyllus (Siphonaptera: Ceratophyllidae). Nosopsyllus barbarus () as a junior synonym of Nosopsyllus fasciatus (Bosc d’Antic, 1800)

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Zurita ◽  
Rocío Callejón ◽  
Manuel de Rojas ◽  
Cristina Cutillas
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacers ◽  
Mtdna Sequences ◽  
Nuclear Markers ◽  
Specific Sequence ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Morphological Differences

In the present work, a comparative morphological and molecular study of Nosopsyllus barbarus (Jordan & Rothschild 1912) and Nosopsyllus fasciatus (Bosc, d’Antic 1800) isolated from rodents from different geographical regions (Spain, Morocco, Belgium, France and Portugal) has been carried out. The Internal Transcribed Spacers 1 and 2 (ITS1, ITS2) and partial 18S rRNA, and partial cytochrome c oxidase 1 (cox1) and cytochrome b (cytb) mtDNA sequences were determined to clarify the taxonomic status of these two species and to assess intraspecific variation and inter-specific sequence differences. In addition, a phylogenetic analysis with other species of fleas using Bayesian inference was performed. We have found morphological differences between N. barbarus and N. fasciatus that did not correspond with molecular differences. Furthermore, any of the five molecular markers used in this study was able to discriminate between the two species. Thus, based on the phylogenetic and molecular study of three nuclear markers (18S, ITS1, ITS2) and two mitochondrial markers (cox1 and cytb), as well as the concatenated dataset of both species, we concluded that morphological characters traditionally used to discriminate between the two species do not provide solid arguments for considering these two “morphospecies” as two different species. Therefore, we propose N. barbarus should be considered as a junior synonym of N. fasciatus.

Systematics of the family Ariidae (Ostariophysi, Siluriformes), with a redefinition of the genera

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1416 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALEXANDRE P. ALEXANDRE ◽  
NAÉRCIO A. MENEZES
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Senior Author ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
New Genera ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Direct Examination ◽  
New Synonym ◽  
The Family ◽  
Subjective Synonym

The taxonomic status of all the nominal genera of the Ariidae are reviewed and ariid genera are diagnosed by exclusive characters as well as by a combination of internal and external morphological features. The results are based on a phylogenetic analysis undertaken by the senior author (Marceniuk, 2003). The species so far recognized are taxonomically reevaluated and considered as valid, inquirendae or synonyms under each diagnosed genus based on direct examination of specimens or use of diagnostic characters available in the literature. A key to identification of genera is provided based on morphological characters that can be easily recognized. In the new classification proposed, Ariidae comprises the following twenty six valid genera: Amissidens, Arius, Aspistor, Bagre, Batrachocephalus, Brustiarius, Cathorops, Cephalocassis, Cinetodus, Cochlefelis, Cryptarius, Doiichthys, Galeichthys, Genidens, Hemiarius, Ketengus, Nedystoma, Nemapteryx, Neoarius, Netuma, Notarius, Osteogeneiosus, Pachyula, Plicofollis, Potamarius and Sciades. Three new genera are erected. The nominal genera Bagre Oken, 1817, Glanis, Stearopterus, Breviceps non Merrem, 1820, Felichthys, Ailurichthys, Mystus non Scopoli, 1777 and Anemanotus are considered junior synonyms of Bagre Cloquet, 1816. Hexanematichthys, Sciadeichthys, Selenaspis, Ariopsis and Leptarius are synonyms of Sciades. The nominal genus Pseudarius is an objective synonym, and Ariodes a subjective synonym, of Arius. Sciadeops is synonymous with Notarius. Catastoma and Sarcogenys are synonyms of Netuma. Tetranesodon is preliminary considered junior synonym of Pachyula. Hemipimelodus is a synonym of Cephalocassis. Septobranchus is a junior synonym of Cinetodus, and Guiritinga is a new synonym of Genidens.

scholarly journals Morphological variability and genetic diversity in Carex buxbaumii and Carex hartmaniorum (Cyperaceae) populations

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11372
Author(s):  
Helena Więcław ◽  
Magdalena Szenejko ◽  
Thea Kull ◽  
Zofia Sotek ◽  
Ewa Rębacz-Maron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Function Analysis ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Chromosome Count ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Infraspecific Taxa ◽  
Two Populations

Background Carex buxbaumii and C. hartmaniorum are sister species of the clade Papilliferae within the monophyletic section Racemosae. An unambiguous identification of these species is relatively difficult due to the interspecific continuum of some morphological characters as well as the intraspecific variability. The study was aimed at determining the range of variability, both morphological and genetic, within and between these two closely related and similar species. Methods The sedges were collected during botanical expeditions to Armenia, Estonia, the Netherlands, and Poland. The morphological separation of the two species and their populations was tested using the Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA). The genetic variability of the 19 Carex populations was assessed in the presence of eight Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) primers. Results Results of the study indicate a considerable genetic affinity between the two sedge species (mean Si = 0.619). However, the populations of C. hartmaniorum are, morphologically and genetically, more homogenous than the populations of C. buxbaumii. Compared to C. hartmaniorum, C. buxbaumii usually has wider leaf blades, a shorter inflorescence, a lower number of spikes which are shorter, but wider, and longer bracts and utricles. The AMOVA showed a larger variation between the populations of C. buxbaumii, representing 25.65% of the total variation in the taxon. Two populations of C. buxbaumii (from Poland and Estonia) are separated from the remaining populations, both genetically and morphologically; their individuals show shorter utricles and glumes, compared to the typical specimens of C. buxbaumii, and correspond with the morphology of putative infraspecific taxa described by Cajander (var. brevisquamosa and var. confusa). Conclusions The taxonomic status of the putative infraspecific taxa within C. buxbaumii requires further studies throughout the distribution range of C. buxbaumii, addressing habitats, morphology and genetics (including a chromosome count or a combination of different genetic methods), particularly as the variability in C. buxbaumii may be associated with the species’ polyploid origin.

Biochemical Systematics, Biogeography and Evolutionary Rates in Species of the Mediterranean Genus Tyrrhenoleuctra (Plecoptera, Leuctridae)

2004 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
J. M. Tierno de Figueroa ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
North Africa ◽  
Evolutionary Rate ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Vicariance Event ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractThe western Mediterranean stonefly genus Tyrrhenoleuctra traditionally includes 3 species: T. minuta (Spain, North Africa, Balearic Islands), T. tangerina (Spain, North Africa), T. zavattarii (Corsica and Sardinia). Since the traditional morphological characters display great and overlapping variation, allozyme electrophoresis was used to clarify taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships within the genus and to discuss biogeographical implications. The results clearly discriminate at least four entities: the Corso-Sardinian unit, for which the name T. zavattarii can be used; the Balearic population, representing an undescribed species; at least two Iberian peninsular species. However, more data on topotypic populations are needed to define the taxonomic status of the Iberian species (including definition of the currently used names T. minuta and T. tangerina). The presence of Tyrrhenoleuctra in Sardinia and Corsica is likely due to an old vicariance event following separation of the Sardinia-Corsica microplate from the Iberian Peninsula. Calibration of the molecular clock (genetic distances vs. Corso-Sardinian plate split from Iberia) resulted in a very low evolutionary rate (0.008 D/my), lower than those found in taxonomically distant groups (including stoneflies) with similar distribution.

Intraspecific variability of morphological characters in the species-rich deep-sea genus Acantholaimus Allgén, 1933 (Nematoda: Chromadoridae)

Nematology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry M. Miljutin ◽  
Maria A. Miljutina
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Species Discrimination ◽  
Species Differentiation ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Units ◽  
General Arrangement ◽  
Taxonomic Approach

Acantholaimusis a species-rich genus of deep-sea nematodes, often with dozens of species found at the same locality but each represented by single or few individuals. Species discrimination by morphological characters in this genus is therefore often difficult due to transitional forms that may be referred to several species because of lack of data on intraspecific variability. The aim of this study was to evaluate the intraspecific variability of morphological characters that are most often used inAcantholaimustaxonomy, in order to distinguish those which are most informative for species differentiation. A reverse taxonomic approach was applied for initial species discrimination. Two loci, one each from small and large subunits of rRNA, were sequenced for 59Acantholaimusspecimens from two deep-sea locations. Twenty-seven Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units (MOTU) were identified, of which 12 were represented by more than one individual. These were then analysed for intraspecific variability in morphological characters. Some of the examined characters showed high intraspecific variability; specifically: length of cephalic setae; distance from anterior end to amphid; shape of anterior setae; position and arrangement of cervical setae. In the absence of genetic data, these characters should be used with caution for differential diagnoses or species discrimination. Other characters were more conservative within the same MOTU: body proportions; length of outer labial setae; amphidial diam.; appearance of lateral field; general arrangement of cervical setae; and shape of tail. These characters may be successfully used for species discrimination in the absence of molecular data.

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