scholarly journals Space Syntax in communication structure of Lublin

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-211
Author(s):  
Wojciech Kocki ◽  
Bartłomiej Kwiatkowski
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Communication Structure ◽  
Urban Structures ◽  
The City ◽  
Research Tools

Urban structures of the cities are one of the most complicated structures inthe whole world. It depends on many factors, that continuously change and develop them.Among many research tools which can be helpful in understanding urban structure designing,there is a Space Syntax method. This method of analyzing grid structures provides a lot of information about connectivity and integration of urban space as a research area. This method was used to perform an analysis of the urban tissue of the city of Lublin. Conclusions resulting from those analysis help identify weaknesses and problematic areas on urbanlayout of Lublin, especially related to integration and connectivity of streets and may be used as a basis for further research.

scholarly journals Sustainable urban structures to challenge climate change

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emil CREANGA ◽  
Maria DUDA
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Urban Structures ◽  
Modern Development ◽  
The City

Public spaces within the city in all their form of different types - streets, boulevards, squares, plazas, market places, green areas - are the backbone of cities. Over the centuries buildings defined the shape and quality of public spaces, valorising them in various ways. The post-modern development of urban form generated a great number of “urban spaces”, where there is no longer correspondence between architectural forms and social and political messages: shopping malls and theme parks, inner public spaces, strip developments etc. Urban sprawl accompanied by loss of agricultural/rural land and its impact on the environment are serious concerns for most cities over Europe. To strike the right balance between inner city regeneration, under-use of urban land in the old abandoned sites and the ecological benefits that accompany the new private business initiatives in suburban areas, is one of the major challenges confronting cities in Europe. The paper will analyze the complex relations between architecture and public space, in an attempt to understand how traditional urban structures, public and green spaces, squares and streets, could provide orientation for quality-oriented regeneration. Case in point is Bucharest - capital city of Romania - where aggressive intervention in the urban structure during the 1980s disrupted the fabric of the city. The investigation is oriented towards fundamental questions such as: how to secure and preserve sites that serve as initial points in upgrading processes, how to balance private investment criteria and the quality interests of the urban communities.The major aim is to provide a support for decision making in restoring the fundamental role of public urban space in shaping urban form and supporting community life.

scholarly journals Geografias e genealogias do planejamento urbano em Belém: elementos da modernidade e produção de desigualdades / Geographies and genealogies of urban planning in Belém: elements of modernity and the production of inequalities

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (55) ◽  
pp. 980-1005
Author(s):  
Tiago Santos
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Production Of Space ◽  
Master Plans ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
The City

Considerando a dinâmica e a estrutura urbana de Belém no início do século XXI como expressão da acumulação das intervenções urbanas e das práticas de planejamento e gestão do espaço da cidade, analisa-se a genealogia do planejamento urbano para compreender a produção de um espaço que tem como característica a negação da natureza e a produção da desigualdade entre classes sociais. Nesse aspecto, identificou-se três períodos específicos que produziram impactos significativos na produção do espaço urbano de Belém: o terceiro quarto do século XVIII (1755 – 1777) com as reformas promovidas no período Pombalino na Amazônia, momento de expressão de uma modernidade urbana e arquitetônica; o final do século XIX e a primeira década do século XX (1890 – 1910), momento de ascensão da economia regional a partir da intensificação de atividades extrativas que produziram reformas urbanísticas com tons higienistas e; por fim, o período entre 1940 e 1970, que marcou uma série de propostas de planejamento com viés técnico-burocrático na produção do espaço. Do ponto de vista da metodologia adotada, estabeleceu-se como percurso de pesquisa: i) levantamento bibliográfico de caráter teórico e empírico da temática; ii) levantamento documental acerca das práticas de planejamento e intervenção dos períodos destacados com base em legislação, planos e projetos de cada um dos períodos; iii) coleta de iconografia representativa da época as quais as políticas foram executadas. Apresenta-se como resultados a hipótese de que a narrativa de uma pretensa ausência de planejamento como fator explicativo dos problemas da cidade é um discurso que não tem base na realidade, posto que historicamente é exatamente o oposto que a pesquisa indica, as modalidades de planejamento efetivadas em Belém acentuam problemas como a segregação socioespacial.Palavras-Chave: História, Planejamento Urbano, Modernidade, Belém.AbstractConsidering the dynamics and urban structure of Belém at the beginning of the 21st Century as an expression of the accumulation of urban interventions and planning and management practices of the city, the historical genealogy of urban planning is analyzed as a way of understanding production of a space that has as characteristic the negation of the nature and the production of the inequality between social classes. In this aspect, three specific periods were identified that produced significant impacts on the production of the urban space of Belém: the third quarter of the seventeenth century (1755 - 1777) with the reforms promoted in the Pombaline period in the Amazon, a time of expression of an urban and architectural design; the end of the nineteenth century and the first decade of the twentieth century (1890 - 1910), a time of great rise of the regional economy from the intensification of extractive activities that produced urban reforms with hygienic tones; and finally, the period between 1940 and 1970, which marked a series of planning proposals with a bureaucratic technical aproach in the production of space in Belém. This work established as following research methodology: i) survey bibliographical of theoretical and empirical character of the analyzed subject; ii) documentary survey of the planning and intervention practices of the highlighted periods based on municipal, state and federal legislation, as well as the master plans and development plans of the periods; iii) collection of iconography representative of the time to which the policies were executed in the urban space. The hypothesis is that the narrative of a supposed absence of planning as a factor of the city's problems is a discourse that has no basis in reality, since historically it is exactly the opposite that the research indicates, that is, the modalities in Belém accentuate problems such as socio-spatial segregation.Keywords: History, Urban Planning, Modernity, Belém.

scholarly journals The time varying network of urban space uses in Milan

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alba Bernini ◽  
Amadou Lamine Toure ◽  
Renato Casagrandi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Mobile Phone Data ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Population Mobility ◽  
The City

AbstractIn a metropolis, people movements design intricate patterns that change on very short temporal scales. Population mobility obviously is not random, but driven by the land uses of the city. Such an urban ecosystem can interestingly be explored by integrating the spatial analysis of land uses (through ecological indicators commonly used to characterize natural environments) with the temporal analysis of human mobility (reconstructed from anonymized mobile phone data). Considering the city of Milan (Italy) as a case study, here we aimed to identify the complex relations occurring between the land-use composition of its neighborhoods and the spatio-temporal patterns of occupation made by citizens. We generated two spatially explicit networks, one static and the other temporal, based on the analysis of land uses and mobile phone data, respectively. The comparison between the results of community detection performed on both networks revealed that neighborhoods that are similar in terms of land-use composition are not necessarily characterized by analogous temporal fluctuations of human activities. In particular, the historical concentric urban structure of Milan is still under play. Our big data driven approach to characterize urban diversity provides outcomes that could be important (i) to better understand how and when urban spaces are actually used, and (ii) to allow policy makers improving strategic development plans that account for the needs of metropolis-like permanently changing cities.

scholarly journals Urban Shrinkage and Sustainability: Assessing the Nexus between Population Density, Urban Structures and Urban Sustainability

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 4142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ondřej Slach ◽  
Vojtěch Bosák ◽  
Luděk Krtička ◽  
Alexandr Nováček ◽  
Petr Rumpel
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Population Density ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Urban Structures ◽  
Urban Level ◽  
Land Use Development ◽  
Planning Culture ◽  
The City

Urban shrinkage has become a common pathway (not only) in post-socialist cities, which represents new challenges for traditionally growth-oriented spatial planning. Though in the post-socialist area, the situation is even worse due to prevailing weak planning culture and resulting uncoordinated development. The case of the city of Ostrava illustrates how the problem of (in)efficient infrastructure operation, and maintenance, in already fragmented urban structure is exacerbated by the growing size of urban area (through low-intensity land-use) in combination with declining size of population (due to high rate of outmigration). Shrinkage, however, is, on the intra-urban level, spatially differentiated. Population, paradoxically, most intensively declines in the least financially demanding land-uses and grows in the most expensive land-uses for public administration. As population and urban structure development prove to have strong inertia, this land-use development constitutes a great challenge for a city’s future sustainability. The main objective of the paper is to explore the nexus between change in population density patterns in relation to urban shrinkage, and sustainability of public finance.

Planning for Women and other Disenabled Groups, with Reference to the Provision of Public Toilets in Britain

1996 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 573-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
C H Greed
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
North American ◽  
Organisational Context ◽  
Urban Structures ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Governmental Support ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
The City ◽  
Public Toilets

In this paper the reasons why it is proving so difficult to implement enabling policies to make urban space more accessible for women and other disenabled groups, with particular reference to the provision of public toilets in Britain, are investigated. Toilet provision is described, and factors are identified which have contributed to the situation, with reference to the governmental, professional, and organisational context. Alternative approaches to implementation are considered and examples are drawn from North American zoning-based systems. Although land-use zoning has a reputation for being socially divisive it is argued that zoning ordinance systems can be used constructively as a means of achieving social provision such as toilet facilities. It is concluded that, although it is important to solve existing problems by modifying existing urban structures, a more radical reconceptualisation of the city is needed to meet the needs of the majority of its users. To achieve this there is a need for a change in the subcultural values of the decisionmakers and for governmental support.

scholarly journals Depopulation of Cities and Housing Decisions of University Graduates

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 105-113
Author(s):  
Alina Źróbek-Różańska
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Research Area ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
City Development ◽  
Space Management ◽  
University Center ◽  
Social Trends ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Abstract Predicting the population size of a city is one of the key tasks preceding the creation of city development plans, seeing as how urban space management should be adequate to current and forecasted economic and social trends, including demographic ones. In many cities of the world, apart from capitals and metropolises, the phenomenon of depopulation and shrinking has been observed, which is due to a decrease in the fertility rate and a negative migration balance. Apart from the inhabitants registered in the city for permanent residence, there are also people living there temporary, including students. Some graduates will decide to stay in the city, thus increasing the population of the city’s residents. The purpose of the study described in this article was to attempt to determine the extent to which new-coming students are able to alleviate the effects of the adverse phenomenon of city depopulation. The city chosen as the research area - Olsztyn - has been experiencing the loss of residents for 10 years and is also the largest university center in the province. Understanding settlement / migration plans required a broad survey. As a result, it was concluded that the impact of graduates on inhibiting depopulation is relatively small as most of them planned to move out to a larger urban center, and only every fifth one declared a willingness to live in Olsztyn. Retaining graduates would require the development of the labor market towards new, well-paid jobs.

scholarly journals The dynamics of population distributions in cities based on daily mobile phone operations: A case study of some Moravian cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-86
Author(s):  
Gabriel Kopáčik ◽  
Antonín Vaishar ◽  
Eva Šimara
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Urban Structures ◽  
Population Distributions ◽  
Dynamics Of Population ◽  
The City ◽  
Permanent Residents

Abstract Analyses of the changes in the presence of persons in different central and residential parts of urban areas are subject to evaluation in this paper. Case studies of the cities of Brno, Ostrava and Zlín during the day and night are highlighted. Data from a provider of mobile phone services were used for the analyses. It appears that the data can be important for the comparison of different urban structures. The results demonstrate that the organisation of urban structure affects the number of visitors and thus the area attractiveness. It was confirmed that the number of mobile phone users in the city cores is higher than the number of permanent residents. The greatest differences between the day and night in the city cores were found in Brno, a concentric city with the most important central functions among the cities studied. Differences between the day and night in residential areas were not as large as expected. City neighbourhoods in Brno showed some specific rhythmicity.

The Impact of Spatial Organization on Locating the Friday Mosques in the Traditional Islamic City-The Old Mosul City as a Case Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faris A. Matloob ◽  
Ahmad B. Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
People Movement ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Early Islamic

Islamic city has its own character that distinguishes it from other urban environments. This is because it followed the Islamic ideology related to building the land. This led to that all cities built during early Islamic ages had followed the same principles in any part of the Islamic world. It is argued that the characteristics of the urban space configuration have a big role in making these cities successful environments. The key aspect in this matter is the distribution of land uses within the urban structure as it is directly associated with people movement and the distribution of their activities. The Friday mosques as the most important components of the Islamic city was located in a way that gave the city its own character. This study supposes that the distribution of the Friday mosques was affected by the way in which the urban space was configured. It aimed to find out to what extent this configuration influenced locating the Friday mosques in the urban fabric. Using space syntax as an analytical technique and the Old Mosul city as a case study, this research analyzed the spatial structure against several spatial characteristics with mosques locations to meet its goal.  

scholarly journals MIESTO KOMPOZICIJOS SAMPRATOS KLAUSIMU

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas Grunskis
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Urban Theory ◽  
Urban Structures ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Urban Aesthetics ◽  
The City

Summary A city nowadays has become a really complex and multi-layered structure containing the features of a phenomenon. It is a formation that has transformed or forced to rethinking many “standardized” urbanistic theories and approaches. By its shape and content it is a dynamic, constantly changing and multiple system related to other larger urban structures forming larger-scale urbanized networks. Due to such peculiarities, the city and its aesthetic qualities can no longer by judged and defined by the categories of the 19th and 20thcenturies. Its issues and problems have long ago trespassed the boundaries of a single scientific discipline. Nevertheless, the issue of urban aesthetics and composition still remains very relevant, especially bearing in mind recent global socio-cultural conditions and the related urban unification, as, following the intense wave of urbanization, many Lithuanian towns, with the capital Vilnius preeminently, have changed a lot, both on “the outside” (cityscape) and “the inside” (local visual perception) within the last decade. Many examples of such recently transformed towns in Lithuania just testify the fact that the issue of aesthetics and composition has been almost or totally ignored in further developing or newly shaping the centers of such towns. By exploring quite a large number of foreign and Lithuanian sources of urban theory and examples of urban space and composition analysis (these are presented in the attached bibliography), the article author aims at reviewing and analyzing the categories of urban composition, its theoretical approaches and insights. This text is a presentation of interim results of the larger research. Some thesises and concepts have been also presented in different scientific conferences and publications, in the Lithuanian and English languages. Santrauka Analizuojant daug užsienio ir Lietuvos urbanistikos teorijos literatūros šaltinių ir urbanistinės erdvės (Urban Space) bei kompozicijos analizės pavyzdžių, pateikiamų šio straipsnio literatūros sąraše, apžvelgiamos ir analizuojamos urbanistinės (arba miesto) kompozicijos kategorijos, teorinės nuostatos bei sampratos. Šiame tekste pateikiami tarpiniai didesnio tyrimo rezultatai. Kai kurios jo tezės ir nuostatos buvo paskelbtos mokslinėse konferencijose bei mokslinėse publikacijose lietuvių ir anglų kalbomis.

URBANISTINIŲ TENDENCIJŲ POVEIKIS MIESTO CENTRO RENOVACIJAI

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 276-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalia Bardauskienė ◽  
Mindaugas Pakalnis
Keyword(s):  
Planning System ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Think Tank ◽  
Urban Structures ◽  
Territorial Planning ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Urban Issues ◽  
The City

A city centre is an integral part of the overall urban model of the city and its metropolitan area. Therefore, the centre is influenced by the same urban trends. Renovation of the centre and devastated inner areas is related to the chaotic suburbanization trend. This trend is known as urban sprawl. It sucks viable powers (people, investments) from the city, which reflects in the loss of density of the existing urban structure as well as unaesthetic landscapes and threatens the revitalization of the existing urban structures and centres. The research on master plans of cities show their nonconformity to the demographic situation, which makes it impossible to avoid negative consequences of urban spread, growing use of resources, car dependency and pollution. New housing is developed to satisfy market needs, whereas the public interest is ignored. Based on the theoretical and practical research, the authors came to the conclusion that there is a need for a coordinated urban/rural policy and a realistic integrated territorial planning system as well as related monitoring and implementation tools. The EU policy documents and resolutions of National urban forums, which serve as a strong public think tank and monitoring tool in Lithuania, can serve as the guide for the sustainable development. The urban issues should be integrated into the National strategy for 2030. Santrauka Miesto centras yra integruota viso miesto ir jo metropolinės zonos dalis, jį veikia tos pačios urbanistinės tendencijos. Sąlygų miestų centrams renovuoti, degraduojančioms teritorijoms atsinaujinti ir kompaktiškumui pasiekti susiformavimas ar, jei pripažįstame, kad plėtrą galima valdyti, sudarymas, yra susijęs su chaotiškos priemiesčių suburbanizacijos mastu. Nevaldomos priemiesčių suburbanizacijos reiškinys tarptautiniuose mokslo darbuose, politikos dokumentuose vadinamas urbanistiniu sprogimu. Lietuvoje urbanistinis sprogimas išryškėjo XXI a. pradžioje, jį lemia įvairūs sociokultūriniai veiksniai. Atlikti tyrimai rodo, kad urbanistinis sprogimas reikalauja miestų renovacijos išteklių, blogina miestų demografinę situaciją, didina energijos vartojimą, automobilių skaičių bei viešosios infrastruktūros poreikį. Chaotiškos priemiesčių suburbanizacijos problemų neišsprendžia fizinės aplinkos projektavimas, atsietas nuo socialinio, ekonominio planavimo. Jis daugiausia sprendžia komercinius uždavinius. Remdamiesi pasaulinio garso urbanistų teiginiais, ES urbanistinės politikos gairėmis, atliktais Lietuvos urbanistinių tendencijų tyrimais, Vilniaus miesto monitoringo ataskaitos duomenimis, autoriai teigia, kad chaotiškas priemiesčių urbanizavimas yra nei funkcionalus, nei estetiškas, nei palankus miestų urbanistinių struktūrų, tarp jų ir centrų, renovacijai. Jis gali būti įveiktas tik numatant kompleksines, koordinuotas urbanistinės politikos, teritorijų planavimo ir įgyvendinimo priemones.

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