Commitment and the Responsive Bystander: A Field Evaluation with a Less Problematic Request

2014 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 607-611
Author(s):  
Nicolas Guéguen
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Bystander Intervention ◽  
Male Confederate ◽  
Problematic Situations ◽  
Female Confederate

Prior research on the effect of commitment on bystander intervention has focused on situations involving crime (e.g., robbery). However, the effect of commitment on less problematic situations has never been examined. In this field study, a female confederate asked (commitment condition) or did not ask (no-commitment condition) a customer to keep an eye on her grocery cart on the pretext that she had forgotten something in the store. Several seconds later, a male confederate arrived behind the first confederate's cart and began to move it in order to take her place. It was found that participants ( N = 40) intervened to stop the second confederate more frequently in the commitment condition. The results support the assumption that bystander commitment influences behavior even in a non-crime situation.

Men's Sense of Humor and Women's Responses to Courtship Solicitations: An Experimental Field Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Guéguen
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Evolutionary Perspective ◽  
Sense Of Humor ◽  
Phone Number ◽  
Experimental Field ◽  
Male Confederate ◽  
Positive Evaluation

Producing humor might function as a fitness indicator associated with greater desirability during dating selection. A male confederate in a bar was instructed to tell (or not tell) funny jokes to two other male confederates. A few minutes later, when the second of two male confederates left, the first male confederate asked a female who was near his table and who had heard the funny jokes for her phone number. The previous expression of humor was associated with greater compliance with the male confederate's request and with a higher positive evaluation. The possible effects of humor are discussed from an evolutionary perspective.

scholarly journals Laboratory and Field Evaluation of some Bio and Chemical Insecticides Against Nymphs and Adults of Ceroplasts Rusci L. (Coccidae: Hemiptera)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.37) ◽  
pp. 224
Author(s):  
M. Sh. Mansor ◽  
Nayef Mohamed Hashem
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Experimental Test ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Insecticide Toxicity ◽  
Lethal Rate ◽  
Field Works ◽  
Mortality Percentage

The present work including laboratory and field experimental test to evaluate the efficiency of different insecticides (systemic and biocides). Laboratory works including different concentrations for Mitrixin, Levo, Evisect, Polo and Actara for Ceroplasts rusci L. insect in leaf. Mortality percentage reading after two days. Field works were including the best concentration of insecticides achieved the highest mortality percentage for nymphs and adults of Ceroplasts rusci in the tree. The Mortality percentage reading after one, two, seven, fourteen days.Laboratory results showed that the efficiency of insecticides significantly variant is depending to concentration and type of insecticides. The corrected Mortality percentage was increased by increasing the concentration and type of insecticides. The Mortality percentage (59.23, 53.94, 52.25) insect/leaf increase for insecticides (Mitrixin, Levo, Evisect) respectively. In a field study, the effect of insecticide toxicity for nymphs and adults of  C. rusci L. (Coccidae: Hemiptera) was tested. The Results showed that the insecticides Mitrixin distinction in the after two weeks treatment and levo insecticide in after a day treatment and after two weeks treatment while the lethal rate is (64.32, 63.49, 58.73) insect/leaf in  (Matrixin, Levo, Evisect), respectively. 

scholarly journals EVALUASI LAPANG TERHADAP DAMPAK APLIKASI INSEKTISIDA ISOPROCARB PADA SERANGGA PREDATOR DAN HAMA KUTU PERISAI AULACASPIS TEGALENSIS Zhnt. (HOMOPTERA: DIASPIDIDAE) DI PERTANAMAN TEBU

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Rosma Hasibuan
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Chemical Insecticide ◽  
Insecticide Application ◽  
Sugarcane Field ◽  
Carbamate Insecticide ◽  
Predacious Species ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Field Plots ◽  
Aulacaspis Tegalensis

Field evaluation of isoprocarb insecticide-application-effects on predacious insects and scale pest Aulacaspis tegalensis Zhnt. (Homoptera: Diaspididae) in sugarcane plantations.  The sugarcane scale, Aulacaspis tegalensis Zehntner,  is a new  serious pest of sugarcane in Lampung Province.  Over the years, most control practices against A. tegalensis  rely on the use of chemical insecticide.  A  field  study was conducted to assess  the  impact of  isoprocarb (carbamate-insecticide) on sugarcane scale pests  and  their natural predators in sugarcane  plantation.  The results indicated  that the application of  isoprocarb  (at recommended  concentration = 1.25 mg/L) in sugarcane field failed to cause  a significant reduction on  scale pest  populations.  In contrast, the numbers of  predacious insects was significantly reduced  in isoprocarb-treated-field plots.     The  predacious insects  in association with scale pests in sugarcane fields were predominantly  coccinellids.  Four species of primary predacious coccinellids attacking scale pests were: Chilocorus melanophthalmus, Chilocorus sp.,  Scymnus sp, and Telsimia sp.  This field study indicated that the predacious species were more susceptible to isoprocarb than their prey.

A Field Evaluation of Office Chairs

1987 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 1121-1122
Author(s):  
George J. Burri ◽  
Sara J. Czaja ◽  
Colin G. Drury ◽  
Martin G. Helander
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Feature Evaluation ◽  
Ranking Procedure ◽  
Office Employees ◽  
Distinct Features ◽  
The Chairs ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Back Rest

Ten ergonomic office chairs, chosen from a sample of eighty-four, were evaluated in an ergonomic field study. Twenty office employees used each of the chairs for one day. The chairs were evaluated using four different methods: a chair feature evaluation checklist, a ranking procedure, general comfort and body part discomfort ratings. The first two methods produced positive results, including significant differences between the chairs. The chair users generally had difficulties in perceiving and expressing their comfort and discomfort associated with the latter two methods. The study identified several distinct features related to chair comfort, including the design of the seat pan, back rest, arm rests and ease of adjustability.

scholarly journals Bystander Intervention Training that Goes Beyond Sexual Violence Prevention

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhsin Michael Orsini ◽  
Jeffrey J. Milroy ◽  
J. Bridget Bernick ◽  
Susan Bruce ◽  
Jessica Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Violence Prevention ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Student Athletes ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Bystander Intervention ◽  
Problematic Situations

This study evaluates the Step UP! Bystander Intervention Program and explores whether training that addresses numerous problematic situations is warranted for both collegiate student-athletes and non-athletes. Data were collected from 731 students who participated in 49 trainings. Significantly more student-athletes compared to non-athletes reported witnessing 4 of the 5problem behaviors. Participation significantly improved knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy to use bystander intervention behaviors among collegiate student-athletes and non-athletes. The findings support addressing a variety of problem behaviors to promote safety and well-being of college students and suggest student-athletes should be targeted for enhanced programming.

Promoting the Community's Ability to Detect and Respond to Suicide Risk Through an Online Bystander Intervention Model-Informed Tool

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Karien Hill ◽  
Shawn Somerset ◽  
Ralf Schwarzer ◽  
Carina Chan
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Bystander Intervention ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intervention Model ◽  
Standard Material

Abstract. Background: The public health sector has advocated for more innovative, technology-based, suicide prevention education for the community, to improve their ability to detect and respond to suicide risk. Emerging evidence suggests addressing the bystander effect through the Bystander Intervention Model (BIM) in education material may have potential for suicide prevention. Aims: The current study aimed to assess whether BIM-informed tools can lead to improved readiness, confidence and intent in the community to detect and respond to suicide risk in others. Method: A sample of 281 adults recruited from the community participated in a randomized controlled trial comprising a factsheet designed according to the BIM (intervention group) and a standard factsheet about suicide and mental health (control group). Participants' self-reported detecting and responding to suicide risk readiness, confidence, and intent when presented with a suicidal peer was tested pre- and postintervention and compared across time and between groups. Results: The intervention group had significantly higher levels of detecting and responding to suicide risk readiness, confidence, and intent than the control group at postintervention (all p < .001) with moderate-to-large effect sizes. Limitations: The study was limited by a homogenous sample, too low numbers at follow-up to report, and self-report data only. Conclusion: This study demonstrates BIM-informed suicide prevention training may enhance the community's intervention readiness, confidence, and intent better than current standard material. Further testing in this area is recommended. While results were statistically significant, clinical significance requires further exploration.

Investigating the Unified Motive Scales

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Martin Bettschart ◽  
Marcel Herrmann ◽  
Benjamin M. Wolf ◽  
Veronika Brandstätter
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Police Department ◽  
Longitudinal Field ◽  
Explicit Motives ◽  
Achievement Motive

Abstract. Explicit motives are well-studied in the field of personality and motivation psychology. However, the statistical overlap of different explicit motive measures is only moderate. As a consequence, the Unified Motive Scales (UMS; Schönbrodt & Gerstenberg, 2012 ) were developed to improve the measurement of explicit motives. The present longitudinal field study examined the predictive validity of the UMS achievement motive subscale. Applicants of a police department ( n = 168, Mage = 25.11, 53 females and 115 males) completed the UMS and their performance in the selection process was assessed. As expected, UMS achievement predicted success in the selection process. The findings provide first evidence for the predictive validity of UMS achievement in an applied setting.

Employees’ Critical Thinking, Leaders’ Inspirational Motivation, and Voice Behavior

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Jiang ◽  
Ang Gao ◽  
Baiyin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Voice Behavior ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Inspirational Motivation ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract. This study uses implicit voice theory to examine the influence of employees’ critical thinking and leaders’ inspirational motivation on employees’ voice behavior via voice efficacy. The results of a pretest of 302 employees using critical thinking questionnaires and a field study of 273 dyads of supervisors and their subordinates revealed that both employees’ critical thinking and leaders’ inspirational motivation had a positive effect on employees’ voice and that voice efficacy mediates the relationships among employees’ critical thinking, leaders’ inspirational motivation, and employees’ voice. Implications for research and practice are discussed.

Can Alcohol Intoxication lead to Safer Sex? A Field Study Approach

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara K. Macdonald ◽  
Mark P. Zanna ◽  
Geoffrey T. Fong ◽  
Alanna M. Martineau
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Safer Sex ◽  
Study Approach
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