Manifest Anxiety, Field Dependency, and Task Performance

1971 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell Dargel ◽  
Roger E. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Response Competition ◽  
Difficulty Level ◽  
Field Dependency ◽  
High Anxious ◽  
Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Perceptual Motor Performance ◽  
Manifest Anxiety

This experiment investigated the effects of manifest anxiety and field dependency upon human perceptual motor performance. 32 female Ss were selected as high-anxious or low-anxious as defined by the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale and field-dependent or independent as defined by the Hidden Figures Test. These Ss performed 5 tasks differing in difficulty level. The results indicated that manifest anxiety did not affect performance on any of the tasks nor was there an interaction of manifest anxiety and field dependency. However, there was an effect attributable to field dependency for the moderately difficult tasks. These results are discussed in terms of (1) chronic and emotional reactivity hypotheses, (2) response competition, and (3) differences in perception of field-dependent and field-independent persons.

Note on Relation of Anxiety to Field Dependency

1973 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 218-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell Dargel ◽  
Roger E. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Liberal Arts ◽  
Liberal Arts College ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Motor Tasks ◽  
Field Dependency ◽  
Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Manifest Anxiety

Witkin, et al. (6) hypothesized that field-dependent persons tend to have more poorly developed control and defense systems and to express greater anxiety than field-independent persons. Their research and that of Taylor and Spence (5) suggest that field dependency and manifest anxiety should interact when Ss learn perceptual-motor tasks which differ in difficulty. However, this was not confirmed by Dargel and Kirk (2) who tested 32 female Ss classified as high or low in anxiety on the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale (4) and as field-dependent or independent by the Hidden Figures Test (3). The present study determined relation of scores on the Hidden Figures Test and the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale and on the Hidden Figures Test and the Institute for Personality and Ability Testing Anxiety Scale Questionnaire, a measure of clinical anxiety (1) for 160 undergraduate students at a small liberal arts college. Ss took the tests on different days.

Field Dependence and Differences between Visual and Verbal Learning Tasks

1973 ◽  
Vol 36 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1327-1330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley Berent ◽  
Albert J. Silverman
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Paired Associate ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Associate Learning ◽  
Field Dependency ◽  
Learning Tasks ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Significant Impairment

50 female undergraduate students were administered 2 paired-associate learning tasks (verbal and visual) and assigned on the basis of their scores on the rod-and-frame test to extreme field-dependent and field-independent groups. No significant difference was found between the two groups on the visuo-perceptive paired-associate tests. Compared to the field-independent Ss, however, the field-dependent Ss showed significant impairment on the verbal task ( U = 18, p < .01). These findings are discussed in terms of possible dominant (left) cerebral hemisphere involvement in field dependency.

Effects of Perceptual Isolation on Recall by Field-Dependent and Field-Independent Subjects

1976 ◽  
Vol 43 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1311-1315
Author(s):  
Max C. Alovisetti
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Critical Item ◽  
Stimulus Generalization ◽  
Gestalt Theory ◽  
Field Dependency ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Isolation Effects ◽  
Generalization Theory ◽  
And Control

The effects of perceptual isolation on recall were predicted to differ for field-independent and field-dependent subjects. 78 undergraduate students were administered the Hidden Figures Test to determine field dependency. An experimental and control list of 13 nonsense syllables, with a single isolated item and corresponding critical item, were presented spatially by means of an overhead projector. Significant facilitation of recall for the isolated item was found for both field-independent and dependent subjects. No support was found for the prediction that field-independent subjects would be facilitated in recall of the non-isolated items with the isolated item present; however, as predicted, field-dependent subjects were inhibited in recall of the non-isolated items. The results are in accordance with predictions from Gestalt theory. Gibson's stimulus-generalization theory did not adequately account for isolation effects.

Effects of Field-Dependency on Weight Comparisons

1972 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Blasi ◽  
Henry A. Cross ◽  
John A. Hebert
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cues ◽  
The Other ◽  
Field Dependency ◽  
Contextual Influence ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Comparison Weight ◽  
Rod And Frame Test ◽  
Rod And Frame

20 field-independent and 20 field-dependent Ss were selected on the basis of performance on the Rod-and-frame Test and were asked to estimate a comparison weight in the context of two different original weights. Visual cues were controlled. 10 Ss in each group estimated a heavier weight which was paired on 2 consecutive trials with 1 of 2 lighter weights and the remaining Ss estimated a lighter weight in the context of two heavier weights. The difference in estimates of the same comparison weights served as an indication of contextual influence. The field-dependent Ss, estimating lighter weights, were influenced by context to a significantly greater extent than the other groups. The field-dependency dimension may affect performance on a variety of different perceptual tasks.

A RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FIELD-DEPENDENCY-INDEPENDENCY AND SET: A WESTERN AND SOVIET VIEW

1973 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Hritzuk ◽  
Lorne Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Visual Modality ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Embedded Figures Test ◽  
Field Dependency ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Embedded Figures ◽  
Soviet View ◽  
Rod And Frame

Students were classed as field dependent or field independent using Witkin's Rod and Frame and the Embedded Figures Test. In addition, each of the 269 grade 8 subjects performed Uznadze's set tasks. The number of trials required for excitation and extinction in the haptic and visual modality were noted. The field-dependent-independent groups, based on each test, were compared with their ability to excite and extinguish a set. A chi-square was used to test statistical significance. It was found that the field dependent and field independent groups differed in their ability to extinguish a set but not to excite a set. The differences were interpreted as supporting Witkin's hypothesis involving Einstellung.

Field Dependency and Perceptual Cues in Perception of Two Trapezoid Illusions

1976 ◽  
Vol 43 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1043-1049
Author(s):  
Robert Zenhausern ◽  
Michael Renna
Keyword(s):  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Perceptual Cues ◽  
Embedded Figures Test ◽  
Field Dependency ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Embedded Figures ◽  
Group Embedded Figures Test ◽  
Rotating Target ◽  
Position Judgments

40 males and 40 females rated as field-independent or field-dependent on the Group Embedded-figures Test were tested on two dynamic trapezoid illusions and made position judgments of static trapezoidal targets. Field-independent subjects reported more illusory experiences on the perception of rotation of an oscillating target than the perception of oscillation of a rotating target. The opposite was true for field-dependent subjects. Position judgments were related to the latter illusion but not the former. There was strong evidence of a differential use of perceptual cues for the two dependency groups.

BERPIKIR REFLEKTIF SISWA BERDASARKAN GAYA KOGNITIF FIELD INDEPENDENT DAN FIELD DEPENDENT

EDUPEDIA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Sayyidah Umma Rahmawati ◽  
Senja Putri Merona
Keyword(s):  
Field Independent ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Figure Test

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan berpikir reflektif siswa ditinjau dari gaya kognitif field independent dan field dependent. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Adapun istrumen yang digunakan adalah Group Embedded Figure Test (GEFT), tes soal berpikir reflektif dan wawancara. Sedangkan analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis data Miles dan Huberman yang tediri dari reduksi data, penyajian data dan kesimpulan atau verifikasi.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada indikator berpikir reflektif reacting terdapat kesamaan berpikir reflektif antara siswa field independent dan field dependent. Pada indikator berpikir reflektif comparing terdapat perbedaan dalam hal menghubungkan pengetahuan yang diberikan dengan pengetahuan yang dimiliki. Pada indikator berpikir reflektif contemplating terdapat perbedaan pada kemampuan mendeteksi kesalahan. Temuan lain dalam penelitian ini adalah bahwa siswa field independent menjelaskan jawabannya dengan detail dan rinci, cenderung menggunakan cara menghafal dan memiliki kepercayaan diri yang tinggi. Sedangkan siswa field dependent menjelaskan jawabannya secara umum, memiliki analisis yang baik dan menyukai cara yang telah ditetapkan

Field Dependence and the Differentiation of Affective States

1981 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharine R. Parkes
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Field Dependence ◽  
Normal Female ◽  
Cognitive Symptoms ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Field Dependent

SummaryThe extent to which anxiety, irritability and depression were differentiated as separate entities associated with characteristic patterns of somatic and cognitive symptoms by field dependent (FD) and field independent (Fl) normal female subjects was studied with the Hidden Figures Test and Unpleasant Emotions Questionnaire. In the Fl group the correlations between the three emotions were low and non-significant, reflecting a clear-cut differentiation in symptom configuration, as shown by psychiatrists. In the FD group the inter-correlations were significant and positive, corresponding to relatively poor symptom differentiation, comparable to that of a psychiatric patient group. This suggests that the cognitive style variable of field dependence may underly differences in symptom differentiation associated with psychiatrist/patient differences and, more generally, with social class and sex differences.

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