A RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FIELD-DEPENDENCY-INDEPENDENCY AND SET: A WESTERN AND SOVIET VIEW

1973 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Hritzuk ◽  
Lorne Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Visual Modality ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Embedded Figures Test ◽  
Field Dependency ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Embedded Figures ◽  
Soviet View ◽  
Rod And Frame

Students were classed as field dependent or field independent using Witkin's Rod and Frame and the Embedded Figures Test. In addition, each of the 269 grade 8 subjects performed Uznadze's set tasks. The number of trials required for excitation and extinction in the haptic and visual modality were noted. The field-dependent-independent groups, based on each test, were compared with their ability to excite and extinguish a set. A chi-square was used to test statistical significance. It was found that the field dependent and field independent groups differed in their ability to extinguish a set but not to excite a set. The differences were interpreted as supporting Witkin's hypothesis involving Einstellung.

Social Compliance as a Function of Field Dependence

1969 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 299-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Solar ◽  
Gerald Davenport ◽  
Dieter Bruehl
Keyword(s):  
Sign Test ◽  
Field Independence ◽  
Embedded Figures Test ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Embedded Figures ◽  
Working Together ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rod And Frame Test ◽  
Rod And Frame

To test Witkin's hypothesis that field-dependent individuals are socially compliant, 10 field-dependent and 10 field-independent Ss were selected on the basis of their performance on the Thurstone Embedded-figures Test and the Rod-and-frame Test (RFT). Each field-dependent S was then paired with a field-independent S and asked to cooperate in setting the rod to true vertical in the RFT. The obtained mean displacement from true vertical of the pair working together was in every case in the direction of greater field independence than the mean of the scores for the two individuals working alone ( p < .001, sign test). However, a posttest indicated that the RFT conformity of field-dependent Ss was confined to the paired situation. The Barron Independence of Judgment Scale significantly differentiated between field-dependent and field-independent Ss. The findings support Witkin's hypothesis that field-dependent Ss are socially compliant.

Field Dependence and Facial Recognition

1977 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Curt Hoffman ◽  
Spencer Kagan
Keyword(s):  
Field Dependence ◽  
Facial Recognition ◽  
Embedded Figures Test ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Embedded Figures ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Human Faces ◽  
Rod And Frame Test ◽  
Rod And Frame

29 male and 28 female undergraduates were administered two measures of Witkin's field-dependence dimension—the Portable Rod-and-frame Test and the Group Embedded-figures Test—and a test of facial recognition. Field-independent males were significantly more accurate in the recognition of photographed human faces than field-dependent males. Field-independent females were also more accurate than field-dependent females, although the relation was nonsignificant. While it has often been claimed that field-dependent individuals remember faces better, the results of the present study, as well as others which have examined this relationship, support the opposite conclusion.

Do Confusing Information and Egocentric Instructions Influence Perception?

1984 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margery S. Brown
Keyword(s):  
College Men ◽  
Psychological Differentiation ◽  
Personality Dimension ◽  
Embedded Figures Test ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Embedded Figures ◽  
Rod And Frame Test ◽  
Rod And Frame ◽  
Better Than

In an investigation of psychological differentiation, Witkin's personality dimension, 12 field-dependent and 12 field-independent students were selected from a population of college men in summerschool based on their Embedded Figures Test scores. They were assigned to conditions, given egocentric or gravitational instructions, and provided clarified or obscuring feedback about their performance on the Rod and Frame Test. Although instructions had no effect, students with clarified feedback performed better than those whose feedback was confusing. Field-independent men had less difficulty with the confusing feedback than did field-dependent men.

Field Dependency and Perceptual Cues in Perception of Two Trapezoid Illusions

1976 ◽  
Vol 43 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1043-1049
Author(s):  
Robert Zenhausern ◽  
Michael Renna
Keyword(s):  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Perceptual Cues ◽  
Embedded Figures Test ◽  
Field Dependency ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Embedded Figures ◽  
Group Embedded Figures Test ◽  
Rotating Target ◽  
Position Judgments

40 males and 40 females rated as field-independent or field-dependent on the Group Embedded-figures Test were tested on two dynamic trapezoid illusions and made position judgments of static trapezoidal targets. Field-independent subjects reported more illusory experiences on the perception of rotation of an oscillating target than the perception of oscillation of a rotating target. The opposite was true for field-dependent subjects. Position judgments were related to the latter illusion but not the former. There was strong evidence of a differential use of perceptual cues for the two dependency groups.

Field-Dependence/Field-Independence and Labeling of Facial Affect

1979 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 489-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominick Pellegreno ◽  
Fred Stickle
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Facial Affect ◽  
Field Independence ◽  
School Students ◽  
Pearson Product Moment Correlation ◽  
Embedded Figures Test ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Embedded Figures

56 high school students were administered the Group Embedded Figures Test and the Pictures of Facial Affect. A low Pearson product-moment correlation of .02 was obtained between the measures. Data indicated that field-dependent and field-independent individuals were not significantly different in their skills of labeling pictures of facial affect.

Sports Skill Classification, Gender, and Perceptual Style

1995 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 611-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Brady
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Embedded Figures Test ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Embedded Figures ◽  
Perceptual Style ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Rod And Frame Test ◽  
Rod And Frame

This study was designed to examine the relationship of sport classification and gender to perceptual style. 102 male and female undergraduate students from open-skilled, closed-skilled and nonathletic groups were administered the Rod and Frame Test and the Embedded Figures Test. Analysis of variance indicated men to be more field independent than women on the Rod and Frame Test, while there were no gender differences on the Embedded Figures Test. Athletes performing open and closed skills scored significantly more field independent on the Rod and Frame Test than the nonathletes. There were no significant differences among the groups on the Embedded Figures Test. No correlation between the two measures of perceptual style was obtained.

scholarly journals Learning Characteristics of Field-Dependent Children Within an Analytical Concept-Based Curriculum

1991 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine D. Ennis ◽  
Jepkorir R. Chepyator-Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Dependent Children ◽  
Embedded Figures Test ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Embedded Figures ◽  
Period Data ◽  
Comparison Field ◽  
Experienced Difficulty

The purpose of this research was the examination of the field-dependent/independent cognitive style as it related to learning within a Logsdon-based movement curriculum. Subjects consisted of 104 children scoring in the 1st- (field independent) and 4th-quartile (field dependent) on the Children’s Embedded Figures Test. Observation and interview data were collected by the two researchers over a 4-month period. Data were analyzed using constant comparison. Field-independent students’ performance was consistent with teacher expectations during the majority of the classes observed. Field-dependent students experienced difficulty focusing on lesson discussion, following directions, and working independently. The discussion focused on the role of structure and the influence of social relationships on learning behaviors of field-dependent children.

ANALISIS HASIL BELAJAR LEVEL MAKROSKOPIK, SUBMIKROSKOPIK, DAN SIMBOLIK BERDASARKAN GAYA KOGNITIF SISWA SMA PADA MATERI POKOK SIFAT KOLIGATIF LARUTAN

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Nayudin Hanif ◽  
Wahyu Sopandi ◽  
Ali Kusrijadi
Keyword(s):  
Embedded Figures Test ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Embedded Figures ◽  
Group Embedded Figures Test

Penelitian yang berjudul “Analisis Hasil Belajar Level Makroskopik, Submikroskopik, dan Simbolik Berdasarkan Gaya Kognitif Siswa SMA pada Materi Pokok Sifat Koligatif Larutan” bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar siswa gaya kognitif Field Dependent (FD) dan Field Independent (FI) level makroskopik, submikroskopik, dan simbolik pada materi pokok sifat koligatif larutan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan subyek penelitian siswa FD sebanyak 49 orang dan siswa FI sebanyak 21 orang yang berasal dari tiga SMA Negeri kelas XII IPA di Kota Bandung. Instrumen penelitian berupa tes tertulis dan Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT) serta instrumen penelitian pendukungnya berupa pedoman wawancara dan angket. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut: (1) hasil belajar antara siswa FD dan siswa FI pada level makroskopik berbeda secara signifikan (p < 0,05) pada materi pokok sifat koligatif larutan, rata-rata hasil belajar siswa FI (sd = 29,53) lebih besar daripada siswa FD (sd = 29,00), (2) hasil belajar antara siswa FD dan siswa FI pada level submikroskopik berbeda secara signifikan (p < 0,05) pada materi pokok sifat koligatif larutan, rata-rata hasil belajar siswa FI (sd = 14,61) lebih besar daripada siswa FD (sd = 12,15), dan (3) hasil belajar antara siswa FD dan siswa FI level simbolik tidak berbeda secara signifikan (p > 0,05) pada materi pokok sifat koligatif larutan.Kata Kunci: gaya kognitif, makroskopik, sifat koligatif larutan, simbolik, submikroskopik

Field-Dependence and Stability of Self-View

1976 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 563-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willem Claeys ◽  
Paul Deboeck ◽  
Nicole Viaene
Keyword(s):  
Field Dependence ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Personality Factor ◽  
Field Independence ◽  
Emotional Instability ◽  
Embedded Figures Test ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Embedded Figures ◽  
Second Year

Contrary to Witkin's opinion, field-dependent individuals are expected to show higher stability of self-view than field-independent individuals. 73 Belgian second-year university students were submitted to the Group Embedded Figures Test. The Five Personality Factor Test measuring extraversion, friendliness, emotional instability, conscientiousness and general culture, was administered to each student for self-description (self-report) and to both parents for description of the student (mother's report and father's report). The decrease of correlation between self-report and parent's report as a function of the degree of student's field-independence supports the authors' hypothesis. Results are interpreted in terms of closer attention of field-independent individuals to relevant cues.

Relation between Raters' Characteristics and Halo Error

1980 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 1003-1011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Buffardi ◽  
James F. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Embedded Figures Test ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Embedded Figures ◽  
Group Embedded Figures Test

The present study examined the effect of personality characteristics and cognitive style of raters on halo error. To control the information available to raters, a vignette concerning two fictitious individuals was presented. The two individuals were rated on 10 traits by 60 undergraduate raters. These raters also completed a Group Embedded Figures Test and a Thurstone Temperament Schedule. Raters characterized as dominant, vigorous, and stable were less susceptible to halo error than others. These results appear compatible with previous research on the characteristics of accurate raters. The hypothesis that field-independent raters would be less susceptible to halo error than field-dependent raters was not fully supported by the data. Suggestions for the direction of future research are given.

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