Effects of Perceptual Isolation on Recall by Field-Dependent and Field-Independent Subjects

1976 ◽  
Vol 43 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1311-1315
Author(s):  
Max C. Alovisetti
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Critical Item ◽  
Stimulus Generalization ◽  
Gestalt Theory ◽  
Field Dependency ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Isolation Effects ◽  
Generalization Theory ◽  
And Control

The effects of perceptual isolation on recall were predicted to differ for field-independent and field-dependent subjects. 78 undergraduate students were administered the Hidden Figures Test to determine field dependency. An experimental and control list of 13 nonsense syllables, with a single isolated item and corresponding critical item, were presented spatially by means of an overhead projector. Significant facilitation of recall for the isolated item was found for both field-independent and dependent subjects. No support was found for the prediction that field-independent subjects would be facilitated in recall of the non-isolated items with the isolated item present; however, as predicted, field-dependent subjects were inhibited in recall of the non-isolated items. The results are in accordance with predictions from Gestalt theory. Gibson's stimulus-generalization theory did not adequately account for isolation effects.

Field Dependence and Differences between Visual and Verbal Learning Tasks

1973 ◽  
Vol 36 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1327-1330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley Berent ◽  
Albert J. Silverman
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Paired Associate ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Associate Learning ◽  
Field Dependency ◽  
Learning Tasks ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Significant Impairment

50 female undergraduate students were administered 2 paired-associate learning tasks (verbal and visual) and assigned on the basis of their scores on the rod-and-frame test to extreme field-dependent and field-independent groups. No significant difference was found between the two groups on the visuo-perceptive paired-associate tests. Compared to the field-independent Ss, however, the field-dependent Ss showed significant impairment on the verbal task ( U = 18, p < .01). These findings are discussed in terms of possible dominant (left) cerebral hemisphere involvement in field dependency.

Note on Relation of Anxiety to Field Dependency

1973 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 218-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell Dargel ◽  
Roger E. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Liberal Arts ◽  
Liberal Arts College ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Motor Tasks ◽  
Field Dependency ◽  
Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Manifest Anxiety

Witkin, et al. (6) hypothesized that field-dependent persons tend to have more poorly developed control and defense systems and to express greater anxiety than field-independent persons. Their research and that of Taylor and Spence (5) suggest that field dependency and manifest anxiety should interact when Ss learn perceptual-motor tasks which differ in difficulty. However, this was not confirmed by Dargel and Kirk (2) who tested 32 female Ss classified as high or low in anxiety on the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale (4) and as field-dependent or independent by the Hidden Figures Test (3). The present study determined relation of scores on the Hidden Figures Test and the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale and on the Hidden Figures Test and the Institute for Personality and Ability Testing Anxiety Scale Questionnaire, a measure of clinical anxiety (1) for 160 undergraduate students at a small liberal arts college. Ss took the tests on different days.

Field-Dependence and Locus of Control

1967 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 671-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Willoughby
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Field Dependence ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
And Control

76 undergraduates were given the Hidden Figures Test (HFT) and the Adult's Locus of Evaluation and Control Scale (ALOE-C). Correlations between the HFT and the “evaluation” subscale of the ALOE-C were statistically significant, but the “control” subscale was not significantly related to performance on the HFT. A significant negative correlation between HFT score and the frequency of guessing also was found and indicated that field-dependent Ss may have been less cautious in answering HFT items than field-independent Ss. Unlike results reported by Witkin the present study showed no tendency for females to be more field-dependent than males.

scholarly journals PENGARUH GAYA BELAJAR DAN STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR AL-QUR’AN MAHASISWA UIN MAULANA MALIK IBRAHIM MALANG

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
I’anatut Thoifah
Keyword(s):  
Learning Styles ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Learning Style ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Independent Learning ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Dependent Learning ◽  
And Control

<p><em>This study aims to investigate the interaction of learning style and learning strategies towards the result of learning Al Qur’an among freshmen of Ma’had al-Jami’ah UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. A quantitative method with 2x2 factorial design was used in this study. The samples of this study were 40 students of UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang who were selected by using random purposive technique sampling. They were classified into two groups; experimental and control groups. In the process of analysis, the students’ score of learning Quran in terms of tajwid were correlated with the grouped students based on their learning style and learning strategies. The result of this study showed that there was a different result of learning Quran between the students with field independent learning style and field dependent learning style. Besides, there was also a different result of learning Quran between the students with musical and conventional learning strategy. However, there was no interaction between learning style and learning strategies towards the students’ result of learning Qur’an.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><em> learning styles, learning strategies, and the results of the Study</em></p>

Effect of field-dependent versus field-independent cognitive styles on prospective and retrospective memory slips

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 542-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Chukwuemeka Mefoh ◽  
Valentine Chijioke Ezeh
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Cognitive Styles ◽  
Retrospective Memory ◽  
Embedded Figures Test ◽  
Memory Functioning ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
The University ◽  
Memory Questionnaire

This article describes a study with two major objectives: first, to investigate whether prospective memory functioning is dissociated from retrospective memory functioning and, second, to examine whether field-independent cognitive style will differ significantly from field-dependent cognitive style in prospective and retrospective memory functioning. A total of 76 undergraduate students of the University of Nigeria, Nsukka (41 men, 35 women; mean age: 19.66 years; standard deviation = 2.02) completed the Group Embedded Figures Test and the Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire. Omnibus statistic showed that prospective and retrospective memory was not dissociated ( p < .001) and the field-dependent versus field-independent cognitive styles differed significantly on prospective ( p < .001) and retrospective memory ( p < .001). The results were viewed as tentative; the study maintains that future studies are required to provide converging evidence. Authors concluded with some suggestions for further research.

Manifest Anxiety, Field Dependency, and Task Performance

1971 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell Dargel ◽  
Roger E. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Response Competition ◽  
Difficulty Level ◽  
Field Dependency ◽  
High Anxious ◽  
Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Perceptual Motor Performance ◽  
Manifest Anxiety

This experiment investigated the effects of manifest anxiety and field dependency upon human perceptual motor performance. 32 female Ss were selected as high-anxious or low-anxious as defined by the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale and field-dependent or independent as defined by the Hidden Figures Test. These Ss performed 5 tasks differing in difficulty level. The results indicated that manifest anxiety did not affect performance on any of the tasks nor was there an interaction of manifest anxiety and field dependency. However, there was an effect attributable to field dependency for the moderately difficult tasks. These results are discussed in terms of (1) chronic and emotional reactivity hypotheses, (2) response competition, and (3) differences in perception of field-dependent and field-independent persons.

Effects of Field-Dependency on Weight Comparisons

1972 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Blasi ◽  
Henry A. Cross ◽  
John A. Hebert
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cues ◽  
The Other ◽  
Field Dependency ◽  
Contextual Influence ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Comparison Weight ◽  
Rod And Frame Test ◽  
Rod And Frame

20 field-independent and 20 field-dependent Ss were selected on the basis of performance on the Rod-and-frame Test and were asked to estimate a comparison weight in the context of two different original weights. Visual cues were controlled. 10 Ss in each group estimated a heavier weight which was paired on 2 consecutive trials with 1 of 2 lighter weights and the remaining Ss estimated a lighter weight in the context of two heavier weights. The difference in estimates of the same comparison weights served as an indication of contextual influence. The field-dependent Ss, estimating lighter weights, were influenced by context to a significantly greater extent than the other groups. The field-dependency dimension may affect performance on a variety of different perceptual tasks.

A RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FIELD-DEPENDENCY-INDEPENDENCY AND SET: A WESTERN AND SOVIET VIEW

1973 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Hritzuk ◽  
Lorne Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Visual Modality ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Embedded Figures Test ◽  
Field Dependency ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Embedded Figures ◽  
Soviet View ◽  
Rod And Frame

Students were classed as field dependent or field independent using Witkin's Rod and Frame and the Embedded Figures Test. In addition, each of the 269 grade 8 subjects performed Uznadze's set tasks. The number of trials required for excitation and extinction in the haptic and visual modality were noted. The field-dependent-independent groups, based on each test, were compared with their ability to excite and extinguish a set. A chi-square was used to test statistical significance. It was found that the field dependent and field independent groups differed in their ability to extinguish a set but not to excite a set. The differences were interpreted as supporting Witkin's hypothesis involving Einstellung.

Field Dependency and Perceptual Cues in Perception of Two Trapezoid Illusions

1976 ◽  
Vol 43 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1043-1049
Author(s):  
Robert Zenhausern ◽  
Michael Renna
Keyword(s):  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Perceptual Cues ◽  
Embedded Figures Test ◽  
Field Dependency ◽  
Field Independent ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Embedded Figures ◽  
Group Embedded Figures Test ◽  
Rotating Target ◽  
Position Judgments

40 males and 40 females rated as field-independent or field-dependent on the Group Embedded-figures Test were tested on two dynamic trapezoid illusions and made position judgments of static trapezoidal targets. Field-independent subjects reported more illusory experiences on the perception of rotation of an oscillating target than the perception of oscillation of a rotating target. The opposite was true for field-dependent subjects. Position judgments were related to the latter illusion but not the former. There was strong evidence of a differential use of perceptual cues for the two dependency groups.

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