Some Psychological Correlates of Civil Rights Activity

1970 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 899-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorothy A. Evans ◽  
Sheldon Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Socioeconomic Background ◽  
External Control ◽  
Ego Strength ◽  
Psychological Correlates ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
Group Memberships

Northern Negroes and whites at varying levels of participation in college student civil rights groups were compared with selected groups of northern, Negro non-members of civil rights groups on a number of personality and demographic variables (race, geographic location). Negro Actives showed more repression and ego strength than Negto non-actives. White Actives showed less social approval motivation and less repression than Negro Actives. In contrast to studies of southern Negroes, in this study, Negro Actives came from a lower socioeconomic background than Negro non-actives; internal vs external control of reinforcement and number of non-civil rights group memberships were unrelated to civil rights activity level. Factors other than activity level are important in predicting personality and demographic differences among civil rights activists and non-activists. The importance of additonal empirical research is also discussed.

Motivational Dynamics of Disadvantaged Women

1980 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suki Hinman ◽  
Brian Bolton
Keyword(s):  
Structured Interview ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
External Control ◽  
Personality Factor ◽  
Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
Sixteen Personality Factor ◽  
Disadvantaged Women ◽  
Personality Factor Questionnaire

Two hundred and five disadvantaged women completed standardized psychometric inventories (Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire, Motivation Analysis Test, Tennessee Self-Concept Scale, Internal-External Control Scale, Work Attitude Scale) and a structured interview (attitude-value, activity. Jife concerns items). Factor analysis was used to organize these data; correlational analyses indicated that the inventory and interview dimensions tapped essentially independent aspects within the total motivation domain. Compared with inventory norms, these women exhibited torpidity and submissiveness, depressed motivation, poor self-esteem, but positive work attitudes. Differences between dichotomous subgroups defined by six major demographic variables were consistent with previous literature; the most salient pattern of subgroup differences showed that black, less intelligent, and less educated women were less positive toward work and more externally oriented. In sum, these women appeared resigned and lethargic; no causal inference was drawn, but it was cautioned that choice of counseling procedures should be based on a differentiation of diminished from initial lack of motivation.

A phenomenological exploration of change towards healthier food purchasing behaviour in women from a lower socioeconomic background using a health app

Appetite ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 104566
Author(s):  
Sarah Jane Flaherty ◽  
Mary B. McCarthy ◽  
Alan M. Collins ◽  
Claire McCafferty ◽  
Fionnuala M. McAuliffe
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Background ◽  
Food Purchasing ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
Purchasing Behaviour ◽  
Phenomenological Exploration

Culturally Informed Sport Psychology: Introduction to the Special Issue

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Schinke ◽  
Zella E. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Socioeconomic Background ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Professional Literature ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Cultural Constructs ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Culturally Informed

Sport psychologists work with athletes from a vast array of cultural backgrounds. Numerous factors comprise the cultural composition of both the client and the practitioner, including, though not necessarily limited to, ethnicity, socioeconomic background and status, race, socialization, sexual orientation, religion, gender, and geographic location. These intersecting and often deeply ingrained personal variables can certainly impact the nature of the therapeutic relationship, intervention strategies, and intervention outcomes with athletic clientele. Yet, while other domains of professional psychology have long embraced the integration of cultural aspects, the field of sport psychology has been slow to join the dialogue or to learn from these relevant sources. Therefore, this special issue of the Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology was conceptualized and constructed with the intention of opening these lines of discussion to help ensure that sport psychologists are gaining a comprehensive understanding of the athletes with whom they work, demonstrating respect for and integration of cultural constructs in the treatment room, and maintaining personal and professional self-awareness. As Co-Editors of this unique special issue, Drs. Robert Schinke and Zella Moore provide the present paper to begin this important dialogue. This paper sets the stage for six informative articles by leading professionals in their areas, including both theoretical articles and articles highlighting culturally informed direct service provision with athletes from around the world. We hope that this timely special issue leads to numerous additional questions, cutting-edge research ideas, and most importantly, an enhanced or renewed commitment from sport psychologists to integrate the concepts found within these pages, and those already found within the professional literature of mainstream psychology, into their daily work with athletes.

Beyond Parish Boundaries: Black Catholics and the Quest for Racial Justice

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (02) ◽  
pp. 264-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen J. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Civil Rights Movement ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Vatican Ii ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Black Catholics ◽  
The Great Migration ◽  
Black Equality ◽  
National Networks

Abstract According to most historians, the majority of northern urban Catholics before Vatican II (1962–1965) were ensconced in their parish boundaries, viewing their existence through the lens of the parish and focusing the majority of their attention on matters within their particular geographic location. As African Americans moved north during the Great Migration (1910s–1960s) and the racial dynamics of cities changed, some black Catholics began to organize for what they called “interracial justice,” a term that reflected their belief that black equality would benefit African Americans and whites. This article argues that the parish boundaries paradigm for understanding Catholicism prior to the reforms of Vatican II fails to account for the efforts of black Catholics working for interracial justice. This article considers four ways black Catholic interracialists moved beyond their parish boundaries: (a) the national networks they cultivated with white priests; (b) the theological doctrine of the Mystical Body of Christ they used to support their work; (c) the local relationships they developed with non-Catholics; and (d) the connections they made with young white Catholics. By advancing this argument, this essay highlights the relationship between race and religion—both how the institutional Catholic church reinforced racial hierarchies and how black Catholics leveraged their faith to tear them down. Finally, this article reorients the history of Catholic interracialism by focusing on black laypeople and connects two bodies of literature that rarely comment on one another: that of Catholicism and the long civil rights movement.

scholarly journals Do Demographic Profiles of Listed and Unlisted Households Differ? Results of a Nationwide Telephone Survey

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renee N. Carey ◽  
Alison Reid ◽  
Susan Peters ◽  
Lin Fritschi
Keyword(s):  
Telephone Survey ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Telephone Number ◽  
Demographic Differences ◽  
Telephone Surveys ◽  
Demographic Profiles ◽  
Telephone Directory ◽  
Paid Employment ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic

A growing number of households are not reachable through traditional directory-based samples, which can have important implications for the representativeness of telephone surveys. The current study aims to investigate the demographic differences between households which have their telephone numbers listed or not listed in the Australian White Pages telephone directory. A total of 5,023 eligible Australian residents who were currently in paid employment participated in this study. Each respondent’s telephone number was individually matched to the residential White Pages to determine its listed status, and demographic variables were compared between those with a listed and unlisted telephone number. Those with an unlisted number were significantly more likely to be younger, to have been born in a country outside of Australia, and to live in a lower socioeconomic area than those who were listed in the White Pages. These demographic differences should be considered when undertaking telephone surveys using a White Pages sample.

Some Personality Correlates of Time Competence, Temporal Extension and Temporal Evaluation

1978 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 743-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
External Control ◽  
Ego Strength ◽  
Personality Variables ◽  
Personality Correlates ◽  
Temporal Dimensions ◽  
Time Competence ◽  
The Relationship

In a study of the relationship among three temporal dimensions, viz., competence, extension, and evaluation, and a number of personality variables including ego strength, external control, and dogmatism for 21 males and 19 females time competence and temporal evaluation related closely to a number of these variables while the relationship with extension was weak. The implications were discussed with reference to the value and validity of measures of temporal extension.

Why do Swedes use less cash-for-childcare than Norwegians?

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (5/6) ◽  
pp. 327-340
Author(s):  
Julia Höppner
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Robust Regression ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Socioeconomic Background ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Attitudinal Differences ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explain the rather large difference in the take-up of the cash-for-childcare (CFC) benefit between Norway and Sweden. Design/methodology/approach A quantitative approach is employed, including the analysis of descriptive statistics of data on parents’ attitudes concerning the distribution of paid work and care and a robust regression analysis of data on parents’ behaviour regarding the distribution of paid work and care. Findings The results show that attitudes regarding childcare and mothers’ and fathers’ employment differ in the two countries. Swedish parents support public childcare and a gender equal employment distribution more than Norwegians. Thereby, attitudinal differences explain why Norwegian parents use the benefit more frequently. The findings indicate that in Sweden, parents’ socioeconomic background affects the duration of public childcare to a lesser extent than in Norway. Nevertheless, the economic incentives of the CFC benefit are more attractive for families with lower socioeconomic status. This explains why Swedes respond less to the incentives of the CFC benefit than Norwegians. Originality/value While previous research has focussed on the effect of policies on the take-up of the CFC benefit, this study shows that parents’ attitudes and behaviour are important explanatory variables to explain differences in the take-up of the benefit.

scholarly journals Why Do Conservatives Report Being Happier Than Liberals? The Contribution of Neuroticism

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin M. Burton ◽  
Jason E. Plaks ◽  
Jordan B. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
System Justification ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Big Five Traits ◽  
Group Memberships ◽  
Socioeconomic Status Group

Previous studies suggest that conservatives in the United States are happier than liberals. This difference has been attributed to factors including differences in socioeconomic status, group memberships, and system-justifying beliefs. We suggest that differences between liberals and conservatives in personality traits may provide an additional account for the "happiness gap". Specifically, we investigated the role of neuroticism (or conversely, emotional stability) in explaining the conservative-liberal happiness gap. In Study 1 (N = 619), we assessed the correlation between political orientation (PO) and satisfaction with life (SWL), controlling for the Big Five traits, religiosity, income, and demographic variables. Neuroticism, conscientiousness, and religiosity each accounted for the PO-SWL correlation. In Study 2 (N = 700), neuroticism, system justification beliefs, conscientiousness, and income each accounted for PO-SWL correlation. In both studies, neuroticism negatively correlated with conservatism. We suggest that individual differences in neuroticism represent a previously under-examined contributor to the SWL disparity between conservatives and liberals.

scholarly journals An Investigation of Pakistani University Students’ Socioeconomic Classes, Gender and Dimensions in Epistemological Beliefs: Dependencies and Interlinks probed by Structural Equation Modeling Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 629-643
Author(s):  
Rafaquat Ali ◽  
Furrukh Bashir ◽  
Hafeez Ur Rehman ◽  
Rashid Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
University Students ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Epistemological Beliefs ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Socioeconomic Background ◽  
Modeling Approach ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
The Impact

Epistemological beliefs impact all aspects of students’ academic and learning behaviours. The different dimensions of epistemological beliefs comprise structure, source, certainty, ability to learns and speed to learn. The students’ naive and inadequate epistemological beliefs can have negative impacts on their regulation of learning, self-efficacy, interest in study, academic performance and persistence in studies. Likewise, the socioeconomic background can explain various differences in students’ beliefs. Epistemological beliefs have social and cultural underpinnings as well. For these reasons, the researchers examined the impact of university students’ socioeconomic classes on their epistemological beliefs. In survey research design, the data were collected from university students in an online survey. The structural equation modeling approach was chosen to detect significant regression paths in the model. The lower and upper lower socioeconomic classes were found to have significant impact on students’ epistemological beliefs. The variable gender did not appear to make significant contribution to students’ epistemological beliefs. The naive beliefs can severely impact university students’ academic behaviour, therefore epistemological beliefs of students from lower and upper lower socioeconomic backgrounds should be challenged and improved.

scholarly journals ‘Ow Cockney is Beckham Twenty Years On? An Investigation into H-dropping and T-glottaling

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Sofia Dahou ◽  
Jasmine Hamlin
Keyword(s):  
Language Change ◽  
Football Player ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Socioeconomic Background ◽  
Linguistic Change ◽  
Language Choices ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
Celebrity Status ◽  
The Common ◽  
Social Causes

This research paper examines how language change can occur across the lifespan through the linguistic analysis of East Londoner, and world renowned football player, David Beckham. Specifically, we look at his use of the consonantal variables of t-glottaling and h-dropping and how the frequency of these forms change over a 20-year period. We discuss the background of the linguistic phenomena under investigation and the common environments in which these non-standard variants are likely to occur. We also take a closer look at how the forms are being used in certain phonotactic environments, for example, word-medial and word-final positions, and the potential reasons behind them being less common when preceding or following certain sounds. We discuss some common theories associated with language change across the lifespan, using quantitative data to find trends and qualitative interpretation to suggest social causes for our findings. The paper allows us to critically evaluate language change theories, such as Labov’ s (1978) apparent time theory.In designing our study, we hypothesised that Beckham would be seen to undergo linguistic change from his classic East London Cockney features to more prestigious forms. As t-glottaling and h-dropping are stigmatised forms which are commonly associated with a working-class background, we believed that Beckham would go from using a high rate of these variants in his teenage years, due to his lower socioeconomic background, to producing standard /t/ and /h/ more frequently, reflecting his dramatic upward social climb. Due to his rise to fame, we expected that his celebrity status would bring an added pressure to speak in a “correct”  manner, therefore influencing Beckham to opt for the standard variants more frequently. The variants we looked at are also commonly associated with younger speakers, so we expected Beckham’ s aging to further affect his language.Our results support our hypothesis, showing the extent to which David Beckham’s language choices have changed over time. We found that he showed a significant decrease in both h-dropping and t-glottaling in all phonotactic environments. However, we also found a surprisingly high rate of t-glottalisation before consonants and after vowels in Beckham’ s 2014 recordings. Our data support theories concerning age, social class, sex and dialect convergence. Overall, our paper offers insight into the methodology and theory surrounding language change across the lifespan through the analysis of particular linguistics variables of an English speaker.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document