Childhood Trauma and Personality Disorder in 43 Women with Panic Disorder

1995 ◽  
Vol 76 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1133-1134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Moisan ◽  
Mary-Louise Engels
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Prior Work ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Adverse Experiences ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
To Receive

Among 43 women with panic disorder (38 with agoraphobia), 23 reported histories of childhood sexual abuse associated with high incidence of other early adverse experiences. The finding that subjects reporting childhood sexual and physical abuse were more likely to receive an Axis II diagnosis than those who did not confirms prior work.

Association between Childhood Trauma and Dissociation Among Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 478-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Watson ◽  
Roy Chilton ◽  
Helen Fairchild ◽  
Peter Whewell
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽  
Dissociative Experiences Scale ◽  
Dissociative Experiences ◽  
Scale Scores

Objective: To examine the relationship between childhood trauma and dissociative experience in adulthood in patients with borderline personality disorder. Method: Dissociative experiences scale scores and subscale scores for the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire were correlated in 139 patients. Patients were dichotomized into high or low dissociators using the Median Dissociative Experiences Scale score as the cut-off. Results: Childhood Trauma Questionnaire Subscale scores for emotional and physical abuse and emotional neglect but not sexual abuse correlated significantly with Dissociative Experiences Scale scores. High dissociators reported significantly greater levels of emotional abuse, physical abuse, emotional neglect and physical neglect but not sexual abuse than low dissociators. Conclusion: Patients with borderline personality disorder therefore demonstrated levels of dissociation that increased with levels of childhood trauma, supporting the hypothesis that traumatic childhood experiences engender dissociative symptoms later in life. Emotional abuse and neglect may be at least as important as physical and sexual abuse in the development of dissociative symptoms.

scholarly journals S175. CLINICAL OUTCOMES IN PEOPLE AT HIGH RISK FOR PSYCHOSIS RELATED TO INTERACTIONS BETWEEN POLYGENIC RISK SCORES AND CHILDHOOD ADVERSITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S104-S104
Author(s):  
Anja Richter ◽  
Evangelos Vassos ◽  
Matthew J Kempton ◽  
Mark van der Gaag ◽  
Lieuwe de Haan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Polygenic Risk

Abstract Background Genetic vulnerability to psychosis is polygenic, involving multiple genes with small individual effects (Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC), 2014). The risk of psychosis is also related to environmental factors, such as childhood trauma (Lardinois et al, 2011). Although the onset of psychosis is thought to result from the interaction of genetic and environmental risk factors (Walker & Diforio, 1997), the extent to which the influence of childhood trauma depends on genetic susceptibility remains unclear. We sought to address this issue in a large prospective study of people at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis. These individuals present with psychotic and affective symptoms, and are at increased risk of developing both schizophreniform and affective psychoses. Methods We studied subjects of European ancestry, drawn from EU-GEI, a large multi-centre prospective study of people at CHR for psychosis. At baseline, DNA was obtained from subjects who met the CAARMS criteria for the CHR state (n=266) and healthy controls (HC; n=42). Childhood trauma was assessed using the childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ), which comprises 5 subdomains: emotional abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, physical neglect, and emotional neglect. Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) were constructed separately, using results from meta-analyses by the corresponding Disorder Working Groups of the PGC. The CHR subjects were clinically monitored for up to 5 years and clinical outcomes were assessed in terms of transition to psychosis (as defined by the CAARMS), remission from the CHR state (subject no longer meets CAARMS inclusion criteria) and level of functioning (GAF Disability Scale). Logistic regression models were used to investigate the association between each PRSs and childhood trauma as predictors of transition and remission, adjusted by population stratification using the first 10 principal components, age, sex and site. All findings are reported at p<0.017, Bonferroni-corrected for the 3 PRSs. Results Within the CHR sample, the onset of psychosis during follow up was related to interactions between the BD PRS and the total childhood trauma score (OR=0.959, 95% CI 0.930–0.988, p=0.006), and between the BD PRS and physical abuse (OR=0.787, 95% CI 0.689–0.900, p<0.001). Remission from the CHR state was related to an interaction between the SCZ PRS and childhood sexual abuse (OR: 1.110, 95% CI 1.004–1.226, p=0.041). Discussion These data indicate that clinical outcomes in CHR subjects are related to interactions between the polygenic risk for psychotic disorders and childhood adversity. The measurement of interactions between genomic and environmental risk factors may help to predict individual outcomes in people at high risk in a clinical setting.

scholarly journals The Relation between Childhood Adverse Experiences and Disability Due to Mental Health Problems in a Community Sample of Women

2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (12) ◽  
pp. 778-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lil Tonmyr ◽  
Ellen Jamieson ◽  
Leslie S Mery ◽  
Harriet L MacMillan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Childhood Sexual Abuse ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Adverse Experiences

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the association between selected childhood adverse experiences and disability due to mental health problems in a community sample of women. Variables of interest included childhood physical and sexual abuse, parental psychiatric and substance abuse history, and sociodemographic factors. Method: Girls and women (aged 15 to 64 years) from a province-wide community sample ( n = 4239) were asked about disability and most childhood adverse experiences through interview; a self-administered questionnaire inquired about child abuse. Logistic regression (crude and adjusted odds ratios) was used to test the associations between childhood adversity and disability due to mental health problems. Results: Approximately 3% of the women had a disability due to mental health problems. Among women with a disability, about 50% had been abused while growing up. After controlling for income and age, we found that disability showed the strongest association with childhood sexual abuse, physical abuse, and parental psychiatric disorder. Conclusion: Disability due to mental health problems was experienced by women with and without exposure to abuse in childhood. However, childhood sexual abuse and physical abuse were important correlates of disability. Disability creates suffering and loss for the individual and society; this issue merits more research in relation to child abuse.

Childhood abuse and familial violence and the risk of panic attacks and panic disorder in young adulthood

2004 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 881-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
RENEE D. GOODWIN ◽  
DAVID M. FERGUSSON ◽  
L. JOHN HORWOOD
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Panic Attack ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Interparental Violence ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Increased Risk

Background. The objectives of the study were to examine linkages between exposure to childhood abuse and interparental violence and the subsequent development of panic attacks and panic disorder using data gathered on a birth cohort of 1265 New Zealand young people studied to the age of 21 years.Method. Data on: (a) exposure to child abuse and interparental violence; (b) the development of panic attacks and panic disorder; and (c) other childhood and related factors were gathered over the course of a 21-year longitudinal study.Results. After adjustment for childhood and related factors, exposure to childhood physical abuse was associated with a significantly increased risk of later panic attack (OR 2·3, 95% CI 1·1–4·9) and panic disorder (OR 3·0, 95% CI 1·1–7·9); childhood sexual abuse was associated with a significantly increased risk of panic attack (OR 4·1, 95% CI 2·3–7·2) and a marginally significant increase risk of panic disorder (OR 2·2; 95% CI 0·98–5·0). Exposure to interparental violence was unrelated to later panic attack or disorder after adjustment.Conclusions. Exposure to childhood sexual and physical abuse was associated with increased risks of later panic attack/disorder even after adjustment for prospectively assessed confounding factors. However, exposure to interparental violence during childhood was not related to increased risk of later panic attack/disorder after adjustment. These data suggest the need for clinicians to be aware that patients with histories of childhood physical and sexual abuse may be at increased risk for panic during young adulthood.

scholarly journals Oxytocin Receptor Gene, Childhood Maltreatment and Borderline Personality Disorder among Male Inmates in China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Zhang ◽  
Na Liu ◽  
Haocheng Chen ◽  
Ning Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Oxytocin Receptor ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Genotype Frequency ◽  
Male Inmates

Abstract Background: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is caused by a variety of biological and environmental factors. Accumulating evidence suggests that childhood maltreatment is a risk environmental factor in the development of BPD, but research on the genetic pathology of BPD is still in its early stages, and very little is known about the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) gene. The purpose of this study is to further explore the interactive effects between OXTR gene polymorphisms and childhood maltreatment on BPD risk. Methods: Among the 1804 male inmates, 765 inmates with high risk were included in this study. Childhood maltreatment, BPD, antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and impulsivity were measured by self-reported questionnaires. Peripheral venous blood was collected for the genotype test. Results: Analyses revealed that the BP group had higher rs53576 AA genotype frequency and rs237987 AA genotype frequency than the non-BP group. Total childhood maltreatment score, emotional abuse and neglect could positively predict BPD risk. Among the high-risk samples, rs53576 GG genotype carriers had higher BPD scores at higher levels of physical abuse and sexual abuse and had lower BPD scores at lower levels of physical abuse and sexual abuse. Conclusions: The findings suggest that the interaction between OXTR gene variations and childhood maltreatment is an important mechanism for the development of BPD. The moderating role of the OXTR gene provides evidence for gene plasticity.

Psychological Risk Factors for Dissociation and Self-Mutilation in Female Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder

1994 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 259-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hallie Zweig-Frank ◽  
Joel Paris ◽  
Jaswant Guzder
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Childhood Sexual Abuse ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Psychological Risk Factors ◽  
Dissociative Experiences ◽  
Self Mutilation ◽  
Psychological Risk

The purposes of this study were to determine whether or not dissociation in female patients suffering from personality disorder is related to sexual and physical abuse or to abuse parameters and whether or not self-mutilation in the personality disorders is related to psychological risk factors or to dissociation. The sample was divided into 78 borderline and 72 nonborderline personality disorders. Psychological risk factors were measured through histories of childhood sexual abuse, physical abuse and separation or loss as well as scores on the Parental Bonding Index. Dissociation was measured by the Dissociative Experiences Scale. On the diagnostic interview, 48 subjects scored positive for self-mutilation. Dissociative Experiences Scale scores were associated with a borderline diagnosis but not with childhood sexual abuse or physical abuse. The parameters of abuse were not related to dissociation. Subjects who mutilated themselves had higher rates of both childhood sexual abuse and dissociation in univariate analyses. However, in multivariate analyses only diagnosis was significant. None of the other psychological risk factors were significantly linked to self-mutilation. The findings do not support theories that dissociation and self-mutilation in borderline personality disorder are associated with childhood trauma.

scholarly journals Diet Quality and Depression in A Midlife Biracial Cohort of Women: The Role of Stress And Early Life Adversity

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1198-1198
Author(s):  
Dorothy Chiu ◽  
Cindy Leung ◽  
Elissa Epel ◽  
Barbara Laraia
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Binary Interaction ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Depression Risk

Abstract Objectives Stress exposure may impose an altered physiological state to modify relations between diet and the brain. We investigate if current perceived stress and childhood trauma might moderate diet quality and depression risk associations in women. Methods Preliminary data for white and black women (n = 326, mean age: 39 y) taking part in the National Growth and Health Study follow-up were analyzed by multiple logistic regression models. Women at-risk for depression (score ≥ 16) were identified by the CES-D scale. Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI)-2010 scores (continuous) were calculated from 3-day food records (averaged). Current perceived stress (scoring in the top tertile on Cohen's Perceived Stress Scale; here ≥20) and past childhood trauma (any exposure to physical abuse, sexual abuse, or a household member afflicted with addiction) were examined as effect modifiers (binary). Interaction terms between AHEI scores and each stress measure were tested in crude and final logistic models adjusted for race, income, and health status. Subsequent marginal analyses evaluated significance of differences in predicted probability of depression risk between stressed and non-stressed groups over AHEI. Results Interactions between AHEI and high perceived stress (P = 0.03), past physical abuse (P = 0.08), and past sexual abuse (P = 0.04) were significant in crude models. After adjustment, AHEI with high stress (P = 0.04) and physical abuse (P = 0.09) maintained some significance. In crude and adjusted models, predicted probabilities of depression risk were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in high vs. low perceived stress women, as well as between women with past physical or sexual abuse vs. those without. However, these differences were only observed for AHEI scores above certain thresholds (in adjusted analyses: approx. AHEI ≥35 for high perceived stress, AHEI ≥58 for physical abuse, and AHEI ≥55 for sexual abuse). For AHEI scores outside those ranges, differences between predicted probabilities of depression were not seen (P > 0.05). Prior living with addiction did not modify diet-depression relations (P > 0.05). Conclusions Complex interplay between stress and adversity, diet quality, and depression in adult women exists, substantiating need for more research to understand underlying vulnerabilities and potential dietary intervention. Funding Sources NIH/NICHHD.

Association between childhood trauma and physical disorders among adults in the United States

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
RENEE D. GOODWIN ◽  
MURRAY B. STEIN
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
The United States ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
Childhood Physical Abuse ◽  
Childhood Neglect ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Physical Disorders

Background. The goal of this investigation was to determine the association between self-reported childhood trauma and physical disorders among adults in the United States.Method. Data were drawn from the National Comorbidity Survey (N=S877). Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to determine the associations between childhood physical abuse, sexual abuse, and childhood neglect and the likelihood of specific physical disorders among adults.Results. Childhood physical abuse, sexual abuse and neglect were associated with a statistically significantly increased risk of a wide range of physical illnesses during adulthood. After adjusting for demographic characteristics, lifetime anxiety and depressive disorders, alcohol and substance dependence, and all types of trauma: results showed that childhood physical abuse was associated with increased risk of lung disease (OR=1·5 (1·1, 2·2)), peptic ulcer (OR=1·5 (1·03, 2·2)) and arthritic disorders (OR=1·5 (1·1, 2·2)); childhood sexual abuse was associated with increased risk of cardiac disease (OR=3·7 (1·5, 9·4)); and childhood neglect was associated with increased risk of diabetes (OR=2·2 (1·1, 4·4)) and autoimmune disorders (OR=4·4 (1·7, 11·6)).Conclusions. Consistent with previous work, these results suggest that self-reported childhood trauma is associated with increased risk of a range of physical illnesses during adulthood. Future research that includes replication of these findings using prospectively assessed physical and mental disorders with objectively measured biological data using a longitudinal design, including other known risk factors for these diseases and more detailed information on specific forms of abuse, is needed to understand the potential mechanisms of these links.

Attachment Organization and Adaptation in Sexually-Abused Women

1995 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 234-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Stalker Carol ◽  
Felicity Davies
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Childhood Sexual Abuse ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Adult Attachment Interview ◽  
Global Assessment Scale ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
History Of

Objective To explore the possible associations among attachment organization, current functioning and Axis II personality disorder. Method Attachment organization was assessed using the Adult Attachment Interview in a clinical sample of 40 women with a history of childhood sexual abuse. The Global Assessment Scale yielded measures of current psychosocial functioning and the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnosis on DSM-III-R was used to assess presence of personality disorder. Results Preoccupation with attachment issues was evident in 68% of the subjects; 60% of the subjects were unresolved in respect to loss and/or trauma: and 88% of the subjects met criteria for one or more Axis II disorders. A relationship between Borderline Personality Disorder and the Unresolved attachment classification is suggested. Conclusions Women who have experienced childhood sexual abuse require intervention that focuses on resolution of trauma and loss and responds to individual differences in attitudes toward attachment issues.

Childhood Trauma as a Possible Antecedent of Transliminality

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 687-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Thalbourne ◽  
James Houran ◽  
Susan E. Crawley
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
The Family

Previous theoretical and empirical work leads to a prediction that the developmental sequelae of childhood trauma may be risk factors in the development of transliminality. 106 undergraduate students completed the Revised Transliminality Scale and the Survey of Traumatic Childhood Events. In support of the prediction, scores on the Revised Transliminality Scale correlated .39 ( p < .001) with the total scores on the index of childhood trauma. Follow-up analyses suggested that various sorts of childhood trauma could be interpreted for this group as related to transliminality: having one's house destroyed, robbed, or vandalized; being struck by someone within or outside the family; being yelled and screamed at by a caregiver; witnessing the physical abuse of a parent; and sexual abuse. Longitudinal study is required to sharpen evidence.

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