Depression in College Students in the United States and Kuwait

This study had two goals. The first goal was to compare scores on the Celebrity Attitude Scale (CAS) and values of college students in Iran and the United States on how they differ in their admiration for their favorite celebrities. The second goal was to examine additional psychometric data on the Twenty Item Values Inventory (TWIVI). We administered the TWIVI, the CAS, and demographic items to 200 students at a university in Iran, and 199 students at one university and two colleges in the United States. The results revealed that Iranian students scored about the same as American students on the CAS, and both samples scored higher per item on Celebrity Attitude Scale Entertainment-Social, the entertainment or social subscale as compared with the two more problematic subscales of the CAS. Stepwise multiple regressions showed that Hedonism and Power predicted total CAS scores for Americans and Tradition and Stimulation predicted total CAS scores for Iranians. We found that the TWIVI performed reasonably well given its brevity. That is, predictions stemming from Schwartz’s values theory were generally confirmed in both samples by data obtained from the TWIVI.

Download Full-text

Dimensionality of the Short Form of the Beck Depression Inventory: A Study with Iranian College Students

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1986.59.3.1069 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 59 (3) ◽

pp. 1069-1070 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Mohammadreza Hojat ◽

Reza Shapurian ◽

Amir H. Mehryar

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

College Students ◽

Factor Analysis ◽

Beck Depression Inventory ◽

Short Form ◽

The United States ◽

Two Dimensions ◽

Factor Pattern ◽

Combined Data

The abridged form of the Beck Depression Inventory was administered to 537 Iranian college students in the United States and in Iran. The results of factor analysis for students in Iranian colleges were similar to those in the United States. The rotated factor pattern of the combined data indicated two dimensions (negative self-view and physical withdrawal) embedded in the inventory that were similar to those reported by the author of the scale.

Download Full-text

It's a Long Way Home: International Student Adjustment to Living in the United States

Journal of College Student Retention Research Theory & Practice ◽

10.2190/5hcy-u2q9-kvgl-8m3k ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 15-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Sushama Rajapaksa ◽

Lauren Dundes

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

College Students ◽

Social Network ◽

International Students ◽

International Student ◽

The United States ◽

Student Adjustment ◽

College Life ◽

American Students ◽

International College

This study addresses the need for information helpful in retaining international college students studying in the United States. This research compares the adjustment of 182 international students to a comparison sample of American students to determine whether students coming to the United States from abroad have greater difficulty adjusting to college life. International students are more likely to feel lonely, homesick, and as if they had left part of themselves at home. In addition, this study confirms the importance of social network in the adjustment of international students (but not Americans) although the number of close friends does not predict whether an international student is satisfied with his or her social network. The implications for administrators working to retain international students are discussed.

Download Full-text

Type A behaviour and psychological androgyny among Greek college students

European Journal of Personality ◽

10.1002/per.2410030403 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 249-268 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Paul R. Yarnold ◽

Fred B. Bryant ◽

Fotios Litsas

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

College Students ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

High Risk ◽

Type A ◽

The United States ◽

Structure Reliability ◽

American Students ◽

Mean Differences

Research conducted primarily in the United States suggests that the combination of Type A behaviour, high instrumentality, and low expressiveness may place individuals at relatively high risk for coronary‐artery and heart disease. The present research investigates the trans‐societal generalizability of the structure, reliability, relationships among, and distributional characteristics of these measures for 117 college students in Athens, Greece. As hypothesized, the Greek students were significantly less instrumental and less expressive than the American students, and scored significantly higher on the measure of Type A. Although there were significant mean differences between these samples, the results suggest that many of the interscale relationships are comparable, supporting an etic (universal) interpretation of the findings. Nevertheless, the results suggested several emic (unique) characteristics of these measures and their interrelationships.

Download Full-text

Competitiveness among Japanese, Chinese, and American Undergraduate Students

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.97.1.205-212 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 97 (1) ◽

pp. 205-212 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

John M. Houston ◽

Paul B. Harris ◽

Robert Moore ◽

Rebecca Brummett ◽

Hideki Kametani

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

College Students ◽

Social Interactions ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

The United States ◽

Cultural Patterns ◽

Japanese Students ◽

Index Analysis ◽

American Students ◽

Interpersonal Situations

Although research indicates that competitiveness, defined as the desire to win in interpersonal situations, is an important individual difference that influences a range of social interactions, little research has focused on competitiveness in cultures outside the United States. This study investigated competitiveness in three cultures by comparing Chinese ( n = 61), Japanese ( n = 232), and American ( n = 161) undergraduate college students. Nationality and sex were compared on two scales of the revised Competitiveness Index. Analysis indicated that American students scored higher on Enjoyment of Competitiveness than Chinese and Japanese students, but no difference was found on Contentiousness. Men scored higher than women on Enjoyment of Competition but not on Contentiousness. The findings indicate that sex and cultural patterns influence some but not all aspects of competitiveness.

Download Full-text

Cuban American College Students’ Perceptions Surrounding Their Language and Cultural Identity

Journal of Hispanic Higher Education ◽

10.1177/1538192718822324 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 17-32

Author(s):

Kelly M. Torres ◽

Samantha Tackett ◽

Meagan C. Arrastia-Chisholm

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

College Students ◽

Qualitative Study ◽

Cultural Identity ◽

The United States ◽

Political Climate ◽

Cuban American ◽

American Students ◽

Fourth Wave ◽

Cuban Immigrants

Four waves of Cuban immigrants have arrived to the United States from the early 1960s with the fourth wave still in progress. The changing reasons these immigrants fled Cuba have resulted in diverse characteristics for each wave of immigration. This qualitative study investigated Cuban American students’ perceptions of their cultural background and Spanish proficiencies. The results of this study indicate that all participants possessed limited Spanish proficiencies and a strong desire to maintain their heritage. Implications are discussed in light of the current political climate in the United States.

Download Full-text

An Assessment of the Cues College Students Interpret From a Sexual Partner to Determine They Are Refusing

Journal of Interpersonal Violence ◽

10.1177/0886260521997930 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 088626052199793

Author(s):

Tiffany L. Marcantonio ◽

Danny Valdez ◽

Kristen N. Jozkowski

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

College Students ◽

Sexual Partner ◽

Online Survey ◽

The United States ◽

Sexual Partners ◽

Sexual Scripts ◽

Nonverbal Cues ◽

Sexual Experiences ◽

Verbal Cues

The purpose of this study was to assess the cues college students use to determine a sexual partner is refusing vaginal-penile sex (i.e., refusal interpretations). As a secondary aim, we explored the influence of item wording ( not willing/non-consent vs refusal) on college students’ self-reported refusal interpretations. A sample of 175 college students from Canada and the United States completed an open-ended online survey where they were randomly assigned to one of two wording conditions ( not willing/non-consent vs refusal); students were then prompted to write about the cues they used to interpret their partner was refusing. An inductive coding procedure was used to analyze open-ended data. Themes included explicit and implicit verbal and nonverbal cues. The refusal condition elicited more explicit and implicit nonverbal cues than the not willing/non-consent condition. Frequency results suggested men reported interpreting more explicit and implicit verbal cues. Women reported interpreting more implicit nonverbal cues from their partner. Our findings reflect prior research and appear in line with traditional gender and sexual scripts. We recommend researchers consider using the word refusal when assessing the cues students interpret from their sexual partners as this wording choice may reflect college students’ sexual experiences more accurately.

Download Full-text