Assessing the Validity of the Semantic Differential Portion of the Apperceptive Personality Test

2001 ◽  
Vol 88 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1235-1244 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Palmiter ◽  
David E. Silber
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Social Desirability ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Personality Test ◽  
Ideal Self ◽  
Social Desirability Scale ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Discriminant Analyses ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Ideal

This study investigated the validity of the semantic differential portion of the Apperceptive Personality Test with 225 undergraduates who completed the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability scale, actual-self and ideal-self semantic differential scales (e.g., Actual-self and Ideal-self), and either the Apperceptive Personality Test or a modified version. A projected-self score was calculated using the semantic differential ratings of the hero(ine) character on the test, e.g., Projected-self. A strong negative correlation indicated that, as the difference between the Ideal-self and Actual-self decreased, the difference between the Actual-self and Projected-self increased. Discriminant analyses indicated that highly guarded participants, e.g., high Social Desirability scores, showed more congruency between Ideal-self and Actual-self and less congruency between Actual-self ratings and Projected-self on the APT than did less guarded participants. When the difference scores incorporated only those semantic differential items that loaded on an Evaluative factor, the same result of discriminant analysis was found when participants who completed the modified version were included. These findings support the validity of the test's semantic differential items and suggest that guardedness tends to promote more similarity between Actual-self and Ideal-self and less similarity between Actual-self and Projected-self.

Adequacy of Socialization as an Interpretation of the Social Desirability Response Set

1974 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 887-892
Author(s):  
James A. Oakland
Keyword(s):  
Social Desirability ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Personality Test ◽  
Social Desirability Scale ◽  
Individual Personality ◽  
The Social ◽  
Response Set ◽  
Cross Fertilization ◽  
Assessment Research

An interpretation of the social desirability response set as measuring, in part, the adequacy of socialization was supported in that the social desirability ratings of the 26 Ss with low scores on the Edwards Social Desirability Scale tended to be more varied than those of 26 Ss with high scores. It was suggested that this factor may be significant in the interpretation of individual personality test scores, that cross-fertilization between clinical theories and personality assessment research may be indispensible in this area, and that previous arguments for using ratings of social desirability as a means of personality assessment should be taken more seriously.

Narcissism and anxiety level of Azerbaijani and Russian students with different assessments of autostereotypes of behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
V. Pishchik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Youth Culture ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Ideal Self ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Ideal

The aim of the work is to identify differences in the degree of narcissism and the level of anxiety in a group of Russian and Azerbaijani students with different assessments of autostereotypes of behavior. Narcissism of youth is considered non-clinical, as a psychological component of youth culture, a manifestation in response to cultural, political, economic transformations in modern society. The method of assessing narcissism, the scale of anxiety manifestations, the method of determining stereotypes of normative attitudes of social behavior were used. The sample consisted of 340 representatives of Russian and 234 ‒ Azerbaijani nationality aged from 19 to 25 years (M=21.1; SD=7.93). Shifts were revealed (from 2017 to 2019) in the direction of increasing data among Russian students by sub-scales: "Derealization/Depersonalization”;" Social isolation”; "Grandiose Self”;" Striving for an ideal Self-object”; “Narcissistic benefit from illness”. In the group of Azerbaijanis, there were increases in the subscales: "The ideal of self-sufficiency” Conclusions: the difference of shifts with the tendency to increase narcissism in the group of Russian students was found. Narcissism and anxiety are more pronounced in the group of Russian students. The autostereotypes of the behavior of Russian students are in the zone of indidvidualism. A group of Azerbaijani students is influenced by the national culture, which restrains the manifestations of narcissism and anxiety. The autostereotypes of Azerbaijani behavior are in the zone of collectivism: activity, patriotism, respect for elders.

Relative Susceptibility of Catch-Phrase and Propositional Scales to Social Desirability

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 487-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Orpen
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Social Desirability ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Content Area ◽  
Similar Group ◽  
Social Desirability Scale ◽  
Relative Susceptibility ◽  
Life Conditions ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

To investigate the relative susceptibility of catch-phrase versus propositional (traditional) scales the Crowne-Marlowe (C-M) scale of social desirability, as well as the Wilson-Patterson (W-P) catch-phrase conservatism scale and a specially constructed propositional conservatism scale covering the same content area, were given to 90 South African high-school pupils under anonymous conditions and instructions to fake a ‘conservative’ or ‘liberal’ impression. A similar group of 40 Ss rated the various items in the two scales in terms of their social desirability. Finally, a similar group of 80 Ss completed the two scales under ‘real life’ conditions that have been shown to ‘demand’ liberal and conservative replies respectively. Since (a) the correlation with the C-M social desirability scale was significantly lower for the W-P scale, (b) the difference between Ss' scores under anonymous and faking conditions was significantly smaller for the W-P scale, and (c) the mean scores of the two unlike ‘real life’ conditions for the groups given the W-P scale differed more than those given the other scale, it was concluded that, as regards these scales, the catch-phrase type of questionnaire shows less susceptibility to social desirability.

scholarly journals PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE CITY IMAGE (ON THE EXAMPLE OF KHARKIV)

2019 ◽  
pp. 81-94
Author(s):  
К. Кудрявцев ◽  
А. Поденко ◽  
С. Башкатова ◽  
А. Ходєєва ◽  
В. Павлікова
Keyword(s):  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Age Group ◽  
City Image ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Variation Vector ◽  
Psychological Features ◽  
The City ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
The Ideal

Aim of the study – to determine the psychological specific features of the city image among the respondents depending on the age and experience of living in a city. Research Methods and Sample. The study of the city image has been carried out through the semantic differential to assess the perception of the city image «City in the perception of the residents» (O. E. Pronina, N. S. Goncharova, 2016). Scale to assess the degree of compliance of an ideal city image and the city of residence of personality by O. S. Shemelina and O. E. Tsigankova (2016) was used to determine the difference between the image of the ideal city and the city of Kharkiv. The respondents were originally asked to assess the image of an ideal city and then the image of Kharkiv on two separate forms. It was further analyzed the differences in evaluation of descriptors subject to the variation vector of the real image of a city and the ideal one. Results. In contrast to the older age group, students characterize the city image of Kharkiv to a greater extent through such descriptors as «womanly», «dirty», «boring», «ugly», «monotonous», «dull-witted», while mature respondents more frequently estimate it as «manly», «clean», «interesting», «beautiful», «motley», «witty». Conclusions. The experience of living in the hometown has a positive effect on the assessment of its image since the residents of Kharkiv describe it as more positive compared to visitors. In addition the residents’ city image coincides with the image of an ideal city by a larger number of parameters. The city image within the students generally is more critical and distant from the ideal compared to older respondents. The cumulative effect of the respondents’ age and their territorial belonging, that determines the experience of living in the city, reflects on the indicators of its friendship, warmth, beauty, naturalness, humanity and inspiring effect. The city image among the visiting students has negative descriptors as the dominant - aggressive, cold, ugly, artificial, officious and suppressing.

Social Desirability in Personality Inventories

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Bäckström ◽  
Fredrik Björklund
Keyword(s):  
Social Desirability ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Peer Ratings ◽  
Personality Inventories ◽  
Model Study ◽  
The Difference ◽  
New Variables

The difference between evaluatively loaded and evaluatively neutralized five-factor inventory items was used to create new variables, one for each factor in the five-factor model. Study 1 showed that these variables can be represented in terms of a general evaluative factor which is related to social desirability measures and indicated that the factor may equally well be represented as separate from the Big Five as superordinate to them. Study 2 revealed an evaluative factor in self-ratings and peer ratings of the Big Five, but the evaluative factor in self-reports did not correlate with such a factor in ratings by peers. In Study 3 the evaluative factor contributed above the Big Five in predicting work performance, indicating a substance component. The results are discussed in relation to measurement issues and self-serving biases.

The Michelangelo phenomenon: How close partners sculpt the ideal self

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madoka Kumashiro ◽  
Caryl E. Rusbult ◽  
Michael K. Coolsen
Keyword(s):  
Ideal Self ◽  
Michelangelo Phenomenon ◽  
The Ideal

The ideal self is me: Deconstructing the self-evaluation process

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey L. Guenther ◽  
Kathryn Applegate ◽  
Steven Svoboda ◽  
Emily Adams
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Process ◽  
The Self ◽  
Ideal Self ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
The Ideal

Platelet Aggregation, β-Thromboglobulin and Platelet Factor 4 in Diabetes Mellitus and in Patients with Vasculopathy

1984 ◽  
Vol 52 (03) ◽  
pp. 236-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Fritschi ◽  
M Christe ◽  
B Lämmle ◽  
G A Marbet ◽  
W Berger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Platelet Activating Factor ◽  
Platelet Factor 4 ◽  
Platelet Factor ◽  
Aggregation Response ◽  
The Difference

SummaryWe have studied 155 subjects, 48 normals, 36 diabetics without complications, 44 with complications and 27 patients with macroangiopathy. β-Thromboglobulin (β-TG) and platelet factor 4 (PF4) are elevated in the patients groups. There is no correlation between the plasma levels of β-TG and the stages of either retinopathy or macroangiopathy or nephropathy. The difference is more marked between normals and diabetics with neuropathy (p = 0.026). The aggregation response to ADP and platelet activating factor (PAF) is enhanced at lower stimulator concentration. Using the β-TG, PF4 and aggregation values the discriminant analysis allows a distinction of several subgroups especially with nephropathy and neuropathy (Table 6).

Зв’язок соціальної бажаності та ціннісних орієнтацій у юнацькому віці

2019 ◽  
pp. 146-157
Author(s):  
Альона Шевченко
Keyword(s):  
Social Desirability ◽  
Social Desirability Scale

У статті висвітлено результати дослідження зв’язку соціальної бажаності та ціннісних орієнтацій осіб юнацького віку. Зазначено, що ціннісні орієнтації виконують регулятивну роль у житті людини, а особливо ними керується сучасна молодь. Показано, що соціальна бажаність – це тенденція особистості представляти себе у вигідному світлі, котра накладає відбиток як на зміну відношення до загальних цінностей, до оточення, так і до значущих інших. Досліджено ціннісні орієнтації і соціальну бажаність, що спонукало віднайти у цій проблематиці суттєві взаємозв’язки між цими елементами. Мета статті полягає в емпіричному дослідженні взаємозв’язку соціальної бажаності та ціннісних орієнтацій в юнацькому віці. Методи:теоретичне аналізування, синтезування, систематизація та узагальнення наукової літератури. Емпіричні методи дослідження: методика «Діагностика реальної структури ціннісних орієнтацій особистості» (С. С. Бубнової, 1994); опитувальник Кроуна-Марлоу «Шкала соціальної бажаності» (Crowne-Marlowe Social Desirability Scale, CMSDS, 1960);методика «Balance dinventory for desirable responding» BIDR Version 6 (Paulhus D. L, 1998). Результати: за допомогою кореляції Ч. Спірмена визначено, що соціальна бажаність корелює з ціннісними орієнтаціями особистості. Встановлено, що особам юнацького віку з високим рівнем соціальної бажаності властива зміна цінностей під впливом соціуму, у осіб з низьким рівнем вираженості даної ознаки дана тенденція не спостерігається. Висновки: у статті наведено авторське визначення феномену «соціальна бажаність», під яким автор розуміє прагнення особистості до позитивного та конструктивного в взаємовпливу, взаємообміну з суспільством, у результаті чого особистість підкорюється йому, представляючи себе у вигідному світлі. На основі емпіричного дослідження визначено, що соціальна бажаність особистості впливає на ціннісні орієнтації.

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